Make a concrete staircase to the basement

So now we know how to build a monolithic concrete stairs to the upper floors, today you will learn how to make concrete stairs to the cellar.

To begin, how to accurately measure the size of the opening, then do the ladder project, taking into account safety and convenience of promotion. When properly Calculate parameters winders, this staircase (with a turn by 180 °), in practice it turns out to be quite handy.

An opening in the ground reinforced concrete floors must be designed in advance in the preparation of the project of building a house, taking into account the placement of concrete stairs in the future. At the end of the overlap (in the place where the ladder should lean on it) should be left reinforcement issues for reliable connection.

For the safe construction of stairs, around the opening we are building a temporary fence, using slats and boards. The design shall be as robust to prevent a person falling into the opening.

The basement should be well lit, for easy operation in it. In our case it is the spotlight with energy-saving lamp. Spotlight gives bright light at an energy consumption of 26 watts and unlike halogen, practically not heated.

In accordance with the design drawings directly on the walls, on both sides of the opening using a tape measure and level to mark up a future flight of stairs. Line you can draw a marker or pencil building. Doing markup, consider the future stages coating thickness (ceramic tiles or other material).

Set the guides to the bottom formwork board. Simple nail 120-150 mm and fastened them to the aerated concrete walls. Top boards must be lowered below the bottom line of our marking on the bottom formwork board thickness. Do not forget about the additional fixing with pillars, resting on a concrete floor. Racks are needed. to withstand the weight of the concrete in the formwork.

Bearing on concrete pillars may be unstable, further fix the lower ends of the wedges or spacers.

To then it was convenient to disassemble the formwork, it is advisable to use no nails, and wooden wedges and screws (screws). Screwdriver will be so helpful as an indispensable tool for formwork.

If the concrete wall rails boards fastened uncomfortable, their position can be reliably fixed braces and struts.

Using the trimming of the old boards, shuttering plank fastened to the upper edges of the guide boards.

Angle machine with a lobed disk rounding sharp edges formwork.

To prevent adhesion to the concrete, the formwork surface sheltering roofing material, taking it to boards brackets. Roofing material is preferably a polyethylene film, since it is much stronger.

Once we have prepared the bottom formwork, comes the turn of the valve. Drilled holes in the walls of the opening, then they get clogged sections of rebar, wire bind him to tie twigs auxiliary valves.

For mating fittings used a handy tool - a crochet hook with a ratchet. Wire stranding is also very convenient, but they are expensive and in short supply, so you can use an ordinary binding wire.

Longitudinal rods working reinforcement to the transverse tie rods auxiliary valves disposed parallel to the bottom formwork. We laid on top of the additional reinforcing mesh 5h100h100, pieces which need to carve out a place for.

So it should look like a taut wire twist.

The edges of the reinforcing fabric at the edges are bent, allowing reliable anchoring structure. Fittings firmly fixed on her in the future will have to move a lot.

Next steps going formwork. The width of the shuttering boards should match the height of risers. Fixing to the concrete wall of the dowel-nails through the roof of the steel area.

The right edge of the board and is fastened with screws to the intermediate tin corner cutting board that is nailed to the wall with two gas concrete nails at 150 mm.

Where steps straight length shuttering boards should be identical, and for the winder of the board must be cut to size on site. Be sure to control the horizontal position of the upper edges of the formwork using a spirit level.

Boards such formwork must be securely fastened to withstand as your own weight and the weight and pressure of the poured concrete. All unsafe attachment is further enhanced.

Concreting can produce upwards gently moving the edges of the formwork boards. Concrete is desirable to prepare not too ductile so that it can not squeeze out from under the lower edge of the steps.

Concrete mass carefully ramming and smoothing trowel construction, and gradually move to the top of the stairs.

Well, the hardest part of the work behind - concreting of the staircase completed.

During the drying of the concrete surface, smoothing it with a trowel. Move the ladder to be very careful that on the fresh concrete surface does not leave traces.

Basis ladder ready. Safe to walk on it, you can in a week. Decking steps removed after three weeks. With the dismantling of the bottom formwork is not necessary to hurry up.

After the concrete dries completely staircase and formwork is removed, it will be possible to start facing it with ceramic tiles or other flooring materials.

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