Why is a 220/220 isolation transformer needed and how does it work
Hello dear guests and subscribers of my channel. Today I want to tell you about such a gadget as a 220/220 Volt isolation transformer. I will also tell you how it works and where it is mainly used.
Isolation transformer working principle
In fact, an isolation transformer (hereinafter referred to as RT) is not much different from conventional step-down or step-up transformers. And in RT, the process of transformation of electrical energy is still going on.
The only difference lies in the fact that absolutely identical windings are placed on the common magnetic circuit. That is, they completely coincide with such parameters as:
Wire thickness, number of turns, insulation.
And the electric power passing through the primary winding, due to electromagnetic induction is converted in the secondary winding, while the voltage vectors in the secondary and primary windings completely match.
Isolation transformer purpose
The main task of the RT is to separate the voltage circuits of electrical appliances from the main electrical network through the use of isolated autonomous power windings.
RT is needed in order to maximize the level of safety of electrical appliances, which means it is designed to reduce electrical injuries.
How the isolation transformer is connected
If we consider standard home wiring, then it should be implemented (according to modern standards) with a three-wire cable, where, in addition to the phase wire and zero, there is a ground wire.
Thus, electrical appliances connected to such a network are grounded and in the event of a leakage current, an RCD (which must be installed in your switchboard) disconnects the line with the damaged electrical appliance.
But there are electrical appliances that are not grounded.
In this case, an isolation transformer is needed, because through it it is not only possible, but also necessary to connect devices without grounding. Indeed, in the secondary winding of the RT, its own electrical circuit completely isolated from the ground is just formed.
This means that the potential difference is present only between the terminals of the isolation transformer. And if damage occurs to the insulation of the electrical appliance, or the line itself connected through isolation transformer, then the electrical potential will of course be present at damaged device.
But only if a person touches him, then no electrical damage will occur. Since there will be no current flow circuit due to the lack of connection of the circuit to the ground potential.
Everything seems fine, but even when using an isolation transformer there is a risk of electric shock.
Safety instructions for the use of the Isolation Transformer
- It is forbidden to touch simultaneously the output terminals of the transformer.
- The primary winding is connected to a common network, therefore, an RCD must be protected.
- It is forbidden to ground the housings of electrical devices that are connected to the network through the RT.
- Only one electrical appliance is allowed to be connected via RT. If you need to connect several more devices, then the use of voltage monitoring devices is mandatory.
Isolation Transformer Efficiency and Applications
Any transformer loses some of its energy during operation. So the efficiency of RT, depending on the modification, can vary from 75% to 85-90%.
RT is used mainly in places where increased requirements for electrical safety are imposed, namely:
- Rooms with high humidity.
- Basements
- Cable wells.
- When working with a power tool belonging to the 1st class of electrical safety.
- Power supply of medical devices of stationary installation, etc.
Conclusion
An isolation transformer is an extremely useful device that increases overall electrical safety. If you liked the material, then like it and subscribe. Thank you for your attention!