Modern fachwerk: tradition and innovation

Few people can remain indifferent to the gaiety of the old streets and squares of European cities. Closely facing a neat 2-3 storey houses, with deliberately open wooden frame, intricately rascherchivayuschim bleached façade, cozy look and gingerbread.

Word Fachwerk (it.) (Framework) literally - frame represents the spatial structure of interconnected vertical uprights, horizontal beams and inclined struts of oak or softwood. Cells, formed elements of the frame, filled improvised building materials: crude brick, a mixture of clay and straw, willow reinforced mesh or natural stone. Medieval builder does not care shelter the wooden parts of the frame, most of the goals economy, but it is this feature gave the exterior and interior of individual houses and Charm. A sort of ancient Quadratisch. Praktisch. Gut.

In a concept familiar to us fachwerk formed about 600 years ago. Having emerged as one of the fastest and cheapest such housing technology has evolved over 100 years in the architectural art. frame lines become more complex and the correct structure, facades filled with details of a purely decorative and aesthetic purposes, increased number of floors of buildings were erected even entire castles. Despite the apparent lightness and fragility of the structure, many already served fahverkhauzy Several centuries without replacing the bearing elements of the framework that describes the technology as highly reliable. And in the usual sense fachwerk - it is, in fact, karkasnik.

Rebirth fachwerk technology was about half a century ago as a kind of response to the exacting demands of those whose eyes are tired of the modern reinforced concrete architecture. The basis of modern fachwerk - system "Gerrenalb", designed by German architect Gottsem. Home by using this technology, possess an expressive, harmonious, catchy exterior and high level of comfort. Distinctive features of any modern fachwerk are wooden frame with massive pillars and beams, a large glass area (up to 100% of the area of ​​the walls), windows "on the floor", wide overhangs roof. The main "trick" - the open elements of the frame - in common with the traditional modern fachwerk.

Despite the apparent impracticality (still, after all we got, the more glass area, the greater the heat loss), houses built on Gerrenbald system is perfectly suited to our Climate. New technologies have allowed not to limit the thickness of the walls by the use of a rack frame laminated board, and the use of modern double glazing significantly reduces the thermal conductivity of the windows.

His careful procession of Russian technology of modern fachwerk beginning about 10 years ago. Initially under Moscow were cottages, certainly with premium-oriented demanding public, which requires all the same-thing. It is not that the price of construction of the house is very high - build a modern half-timbered no more expensive than a similar construct in size brick house. The thing is tricky during the marketers who have used novel technology and "loaded up" the beautiful phrase "a modern half-timbered" a bunch of excellent epithets: a unique, exclusive, trendy, etc. And as you know, the election and the status can not be cheap.

However, the desire for beauty is inherent not only to the elite, and the novelty of the technological methods and how consequently, the lack of sufficient information causes our compatriots to bold experiments. Over time, some of the private developers, paying tribute to the spectacular sight fachwerk, tried arrange the facades of their home budget pastiche by playing them the layout of the boards, imitating Half-timbered houses. To learn how you can do more in our article.

But let's be honest, there is an imitation of an imitation, as rightly observed in his commentary on the user ArtFamilyIndependently implementing the project Tudor style house in the style of "modern".

ArtFamily (Member FORUMHOUSE):

Imitation - is nothing more than graffiti on a wall, philosophy (well, or aesthetics) Framework technology is not in the layout on the facades and in the most visible structure.

Modern fachwerk - this is not a compromise, it is young, but already fully developed in the direction of architecture. And there FORUMHOUSE users realizing their dreams within the principles of the concept Gerrenbald - Modern fachwerk. Someone orders a factory designer of laminated veneer lumber for the finished project to self-assemble the true modern fachwerk. This is what the user Evgeny Romanov, nick - EvgeniyRomanovWhat he said in his subject "Modern fachwerk on UWB."

EvgeniyRomanov (Member FORUMHOUSE):

At the time of construction it was extremely small, and it can be said, almost there was no information on the network of the technology, and I decided on a self-build, and I had to learn on their own error. Now people a lot easier, I often write and call, and I will gladly answer all questions, remembering how I was hard when choosing an answer to put me in this situation, questions.

As the foundation for your home area about 150 meters Eugene chose Insulated Swedish stove. Portal users who own question, describe a range of foundation, as the most adequate technologies, although not the only possible. As alternatives may be used either MZLF rostverkovy-pile foundation with the floor on the ground.

The total volume of glued structures was 28 cubic meters. Moreover, its nomenclature used for different frame members. Thus, the corner posts section was 300 * 300 mm, intermediate - 300 * 180 mm, internal 180 * 180 mm was used for the binding bar 300 * 180 mm. These figures show that the thickness of the outer walls of the house can be up to 300 mm, and if the to improve energy efficiency neglected aesthetics open frames, the thickness can be increased.

Frame modern fachwerk going on so-called combat, by connecting the vertical and horizontal elements in the notches in the half-tree, which initially are cut at the factory in accordance with the project.

Just a designer has about 500 notches. Unlike traditional fachwerk where present in the frame jib which ensure its stability in the system Gerrenbald resistance provided by the reliable connection nodes and the sampling precision notches, ensuring a tight fit on the elements place. All nodes are connected by through metal pins.

EvgeniyRomanov:

Assembling the frame fachwerk began, it was first laid waterproofing tape for strapping bar. After tying exhibited itself, aligns all the wedges, the level and leveled. Then the timber was mounted to the plate foundation anchors, and we began assembling the first column.

Given the large mass of the individual elements of the framework, its assembly should be done fairly large team of using a crane.

EvgeniyRomanov:

A little advice for those who dare to build fachwerk, TAL BUY! I already paid for it 5 times so accurately.

Further carcass assembly occurred in a logical sequence, after installing the uprights was carried strapping assembly beams, which is the basis for the second floor. Under construction in the subject line of the author has been repeatedly raised the question about the cold bridges, formed by through metal pins. Eugene trusted German pedantry and did not modify the project. In the future operation has shown that when a competent ventilation and heating works (Underfloor heating) condensate in high heels is not formed, and the heat losses are comparable with the statistical error.

Rafter system has also been made in the laminated veneer lumber, and its installation is made on general principles. The width of the overhang of the roof was about 1.5 meters, which, in addition to the external aesthetics, bears and practical load - much reduced wetting the facade with sediments, and wide overhangs prevent heating of premises of the house from direct sun rays. As used roofing natural cement-sand tile.

After the end of the frame assembly Eugene proceeded to fill the cells. Facade facing south, as well as other cells of the facades are filled with energy-saving panoramic windows, mounted on frameless glass technology. The total glass area was 85 square meters When such technology before the carcass assembly in the corresponding pillars and beams are selected by means of milling grooves. The width of the slots should be approximately 1 centimeter wider than the thickness of the glazing unit, after the installation of this space is filled with sealant. The depth of the grooves is such that the first glazed slides into one groove to lock, after start up in another notch and center with the help of special supports, after filling the sealant is mounted lower strap.

Note that modern Energoeffect glazing, which is used in the construction of multi-purpose glass, as well as triplex has a coefficient of thermal conductivity, comparable to the square log wall thickness of 20-22 cm, and admirable crashworthiness.

Inside Deaf facade cells were established under the framework frame basalt insulation, vapor barrier was mounted inside, outside - sheet windproof material (which may be OSB, MDVP, etc.), which is fastened on the facade exterior finish (fiber-cement siding) flush with the front plane of the rack frame. In this embodiment, particular attention should be paid to the vapor barrier, given that the film does not create a sealed circuit and is available only in cells, leaving the bearing elements of the frame open, which require special care during the work, as well as the use of special scotch.

Technologically, there are many options for filling the frame cells - from brick (a la traditional fachwerk) to multilayered cakes using basalt heaters special membranes and films, or eco-cotton. One of the most congenial fachwerk conventional and environmentally friendly option is to fill the cells of wood-concrete blocks, followed by plastering.

Methods of finishing the facade can be limited only by your imagination healthy. It's wet and facade and ventilated padded imitation or plankenom and decorative: clinker, imitating the old brickwork, and other options. Although it should be understood that in itself the concept of modern fachwerk imposes certain stylistic limitations on the choice of roofing material and exterior decoration.

Referring to yet another experience. A user with the nickname Maksims P went a step further - it is self-designed and built modern fachwerk moldings of laminated veneer lumberAnd all the work on the production of frame members made their own on-site.

Maksims R (User FORUMHOUSE):

My activity in the forum is not that high, but still decided to share the experience of the construction is not a simple object. Not a trivial approach. In the Russian winter in Krasnoyarsk. It's about a modern half-timbered with a large glass area. In fact, it is a very solid frame, with its charms and challenges.

Maxim Houses and Eugene are similar in appearance as originally based on the basic principles. There are differences in technical nuances: the choice of the foundation, roofing, facade decoration materials, etc. Another difference is personal involvement in the process - Maxim yourself to sample all the elements of interfaces (slots) with their hands in a construction site. It requires high precision and accuracy in the works, as well as the provision of a professional tool.

What unites them is that they are both in a lack of information took a chance and independently learn a new technology, by trial and error filled the information vacuum and offered an elegant and stylish way to realization of your dreams house. Their invaluable experience FORUMHOUSE open to other users.

On our website you can read how update the facade of the house, Watch a video about karkasnike with a half-timbered facade. And if you are still wondering, any facade be, You go to for information and personal experiences of our users to the appropriate section of the forum.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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