Intelligent control in budget execution: "Smart House", collected his own hands

History FORUMHOUSE participant about how he made a "smart house": from the idea to build the system

Most suburban residents think smart home - an expensive toy, which can afford only a few. However, if we approach the matter with fiction, fantasy and straight arms, you can reduce costs by several times, and collect "smart house" for a penny. How to do it, you will learn from our history.

Content:

My "smart home" - Wishlist
The choice of system components
Lighting
The system of "friend or foe"
"Smart" venting bathrooms
Remote meter reading of water and gas meters
Protection against leaks water in the apartment
Automation closing roof windows when it rains
What is the cost to make a "smart house" with his own hands

Smart home, I made myself completely

It is so named its theme the user with the nickname FORUMHOUSE tvema. His story - a real treasure trove of information for Homebrew, who decided to collect the "smart house" with his own hands. article we will talk about the key stages of the non-standard automated home. Link to this topic tvema at the end of the article. So there you go!

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tvema

I'm interested in manufacturing all sorts of electronic devices, and in the past have experience of the developer. I thought, and wanted to turn his apartment into a "smart". I started the project with goal setting. And that's what I want:

That the light in the hallway and the hallway seamlessly enable and disable.
So that the light is activated if the front door opens.
If there is no movement, the light should be turned off after 15 minutes.
If someone got up at night, by motion sensor turns on the night light.

This is - just the beginning, "hotelok" user. We will continue.

Lighting bathrooms:

The light in the bathroom also should continuously switched on and off.
When the light is turned off - in the corridor included night illumination.

Entrance door:

The lighting is switched on when someone entered the house.
The system gives a warning if the door forgot to close.

Security:

If no one is at home, then automatically shuts the water floor heating is switched off and the boiler thermostat is placed on the minimum temperature.
Also, close the window in the attic.
If the home is seen extraneous movement - the system sends a notification of burglary.

Ventilation:

Extractor hood included in the bathroom 1 minute after light.
Aspirator off after 5 minutes after turning off the light in the bathroom.

Warm floor

Remote control.

Readout from water and gas meters:

Daily monitoring and remote readings from meters.
Monthly automatic delivery of indications of counters to the management company.
Autonomous operation during a power failure.

Water supply:

Upon detection of a leak is automatically triggered the alarm, and the water is blocked.
Sending a notice in the accident.
Remote access to the crane, to override the general water supply.

Uninterruptable power source:

UPS work - gas boiler, lighting in the hallway and bathroom.
If the electricity is turned off, the system sends a notification.
Remote monitoring of UPS.

Thermostat

Remote control, temperature setting and reading parameters.

Control gas boiler:

The system sends a notification of the accident.
The ability to remotely restart the boiler.

Skylights:

Remote control.
Automatic closing when the rain.
Automatic closing when the regime of protection of the house.

Filters for water:

Automatic calculation of the volume of water pumped from the time filter replacement.
Automatic counting of time since the replacement of filters.
Sending the need to replace the filter notification.

Interface "smart home":

The graphical interface of the system is available via the Internet.
Backup link in a GSM terminal and management via SMS.

Well, as you scope pans and scenarios? Globally? And now explain how the user has solved this problem.

"Smart house" with his own hands: the choice of system components

On the basis of what make the "smart home"? The market offers a variety of ready-made solutions, devices and software. Tvema I decided to go his own way, and that's why.

tvema

I'm in the business of wireless data transmission technology. I know how to program in Windows. So I decided that my "smart home" is wired, runningWindows 7, and the controller is manufactured on the basis of Intel Atom Z530 processor. Pros wire system:

reliability;
ease of implementation;
in devices other than UPS, no batteries.

For the power of the entire system, including a router, Ethernet switch, USB hub and PC I was using a single power supply of 12 volts 60 watts. I did not put multiple separate power supplies, ie. In. Total efficiency will be lower, and this would increase bills use of electricity, that is. to. the system "smart house" must work on a 7 days a week, 24 hours a day.

Define the tasks a user has broken the entire system of a few simple components - blocks. It is easier still to produce and debug. Then, for each block tvema I drew a printed circuit board. All united in one blank and, in this form, sent to the company, which specializes in PCB manufacture to order.

Two sets of cards cost 3,000 rubles.

Evaluate the "brain" of the system of smart home, installed in the electrical cabinet.

The whole system took a few hundred meters and four-copper twisted pair. Cable was laid at the stage of repair the apartment, together with all the electrics.

For the system and opening of communications, the user allocated a place in the bathroom, in a technical cabinet.

Niche closed roller shutters.

Features implementing functions of "smart home"

In one article, tell all the nuances of automation of "smart apartment"tvemaimpossibleTherefore, briefly discuss the most interesting moments of the project.

1. The lighting in the "smart house"

For smooth switching on and off and, for night lighting, the user used a recessed down light in the LED lamp socket GX53. But he altered them to work with low DC voltage. Lamp brightness controls PWM controller. The lamps are powered from a separate AC / DC converter 155 watts, which has an adjustable output 48..58 volts.

The lamps also had to be finalized.

Scheme setting fixtures.

Features of "smart" lighting fixtures:

The corridor keyboard switches installed without fixing (in the diagram are marked by dots).
In the bathroom switch with detent. Managing them is the controller.
The controller is also a signal from a passive infrared motion detector (PIR detector).
At the signal of the motion sensor, the controller includes night illumination in the passage, and turns off the lights in the hallway and hallway, if there is no one appears within 15 minutes.
When the door opens, in the hallway and the hallway light is turned on.

2. Mode "nobody's home"

When setting the apartment on guard, when you open the front door, the motion sensor is triggered and sent a message.

tvema

Yet I had the idea to install the front door USB camera. If the "foreign" went to the apartment, being photographed and videotaped.

3.Ventilation

Turning on and off the ventilation in the bath and toilet controls lighting controller.

Ventilation is activated after 1 minute after turning off the light lavatory and 5 minutes after the light was turned off.

4. Readings from meters water and gas

At first tvema I thought to put in front of counters USB Web Camera with lighting that would have done to recover photos and pictures with figures with text in a predetermined pattern to the management company. User even wrote a special utility for cameras under Windows XP / 7/8/10. However, a gas meter placed in a closed box and roller shutters.

tvema

Now the camera will not be able to take a photo of the counter. I began to think about how to solve the problem. I wanted:

Automate the discovery of shutters and put the camera on the robotic arm folding.
Make from conventional flatbed scanner counter.

All - not. Too complicated and - are not reliable. As a result, I abandoned in favor of cameras classical pulse counting.

For this tvema I bought, for a gas meter, an external reed switch - with a magnetically sealed contact sensor.

A water meter when it came time to checking, the user replaced the model with the pulse output, and made an apparatus for counting pulses.

The device reads and updates the on-screen interface every 5 minutes. And also removes data from meters and once a month sends letters with the testimony of the management company.

5. Protection of "smart home" from leaks

If burst watermain or radiators in a private home is - + repair damage to property, in the high-rise building to this is added the repair of an apartment filled your neighbors. Therefore, leakage control device - the important elements of the "smart home". tvema I used a standard solution:

I bought water leakage sensor. Set it up contacts, crashed flush in the floor covering.

The sensor can be simply put on the floor, the contacts facing down.

tvema

I put 3 sensor water leakage:

under the boiler;
a heating wiring;
under the sink in the kitchen and in the bathroom.

This ball valve with electric drive.

The system works wellIf load leakage sensor, it begins to squeak while not block the water. At the same time the ball valve closes automatically. Leakage stops. Also, notification is sent. You can also remotely open or close the valve, for example, not to worry, if you need a long time to leave the apartment.

6. "Smart" Management dormers

Why automated dormers? It's simple - if they are open and the rain, the water will ruin the furniture and decoration. The windows can be easy to forget to close, or rain has gone where no houses are tenants.

Tvema I solved the problem as follows:

Install the actuator on the windows, rain sensor and the limit switches close the window.

The actuators are mounted on the corner, t. To. The regular fixture was not.

rain sensor installed on the roof, near the apron, so that the sensor is not blown off the snow come down from the roof covering.

tvema

To automate the closing of windows in Enclosures Control switches I brought a twisted pair, to which connected relay that, while there is rain, closes the key closing windows, turning off at the same time key discoveries. All communications are displayed in the panel and connected to the controller.

Practice has shown that the rain sensor is working as it should.

conclusions

To summarize a user's answers to questions.

How much does it cost the system "smart home" made with his own hands?

tvema

To all, I spent no more than 40 thousand. rub. Ready-made solution would cost much more.

What is the advantage of your system as compared to proprietary solutions?

tvema

Advantages of my system "smart house":

It is possible to build a system like I want, no restrictions.
If something fails, the system can be inexpensive and easy to fix, t. To. I know her inside and out.
The system is resistant to "breaking", t. To. He is nonstandard.

Are you happy with your "smart home"? Showed that operation?

tvema

In general, the system is fully met my expectations. I have two at home, and I have something to compare. The lighting in the "smart apartment" significantly increases the comfort of living. So say members of the household and guests who come to us. Remote monitoring is useful when a long time away from home. The data from meters "themselves" are sent to the management company. So - no fines for untimely transfer of evidence or accrual averaged, rather than actual evidence. Also, all the engineering systems in the house can be controlled via a common interface that will agree, very convenient.

Ask the author of "smart home" and learn all the details of the project can be in the subject Smart home, I made myself completely.