Drains water from the plot: a drain, livnevki drainage

An integrated approach to the draining area: parameters and characteristics of protective systems

Drainage problem is no less important than the issue of water supply section, with the difference that in addition to waste resulting from of our life, there are other sources. If you do not take care of the timely withdrawal of water of all kinds, you can get a "bouquet" of negative phenomena. Especially when the clay soil and practically does not absorb, and is put in a depression, the water can stand at the site from early spring until late autumn. But under more favorable conditions, the excess moisture is fraught with problems with the foundation of the house and other buildings and land. And to prevent podmokanie foundation and waterlogging area, there are special engineering systems, which will be discussed in the material.

Content

• Rainwater system
• storm sewage
• drainage system
• Homemade or professional approach

Rainwater system

Typically, the materials of the drain water removal and withdrawal of water from the area treated is soil removal - storm sewers and, directly, the drainage system. But when you consider that from the roof of the middle area of ​​the house runs from 50 cubic meters per year, and in rainy regions, and three times as much, it makes sense to include in this complex and gutter system. Yes, and storm sewers considered separately from vodostochki not entirely true, since they are interrelated. Are all wastewater complex need or will do "little blood" depends on the following conditions:

• type of soil;
• site location;
• ground water level;
• climate zone;
• characteristics of buildings.

On permeable soils with a low water table and a small or average annual rainfall, complete drainage is usually not required - enough drainage system and storm sewer.

Water drainage system is designed to collect rainfall and melt water from the roofs of buildings - it protects the front and bottom of the moistening and further destruction. There are two types of drainage systems:

• Hidden (internal) - are relevant on flat roofs, as well as the houses in the style of the barn when the pitched roof smoothly into the wall, and there are no overhangs. And rainwater or trays and outlet pipes are installed inside the structure. The houses, barns risers have the corners, under the screen facing in the houses with flat roofs and possible internal arrangement drain risers in the partitions, columns or near the walls.
• Exterior - the most common type vodostochki, when all the components are mounted on the outside. Outdoor water drainage system can be equipped with a suspended catchment trays, mounted on a special fixture for ramps and gutters nadstennymi formed directly on the slopes. The second option is much rarer.

By execution of different metal material (coated or not) and polymeric drainage system. Choice depends on personal preference and the financial capacity, technical and performance characteristics of metal and plastic in the middle price range is about the same. With regard to the cross-section troughs, it depends on the area of ​​the roof:

• to 30 m² - 80 mm;
• to 50 m² - 90 mm;
• up to 125 m² - 100 m.

Also it has a value and configuration of the roof - in complex forms cross section should be greater, as in the rainy regions. Optimal parameters of drainage system can be calculated according to the formula S = (W + H / 2) L, where: W - the length from the apex to the end of the roof in a horizontal plane; H - height of the ramp; L - length of the ramp.

storm sewage

Ideally, effluent, collected rainwater system should be fed into storm sewers, although in practice, who are in a ditch right knocks, if any, and the distance allows, someone on the ground, away from home, and who collects in the tank and uses economic needs.

Arnau

Member FORUMHOUSE

In the photo you can see the continuation of the construction of the bath. Well, a giant blue barrel. This barrel – One of the most useful ideas for the site. And today, I would have planted a two of these, not one.
The idea is that the barrel buried in the ground and it summarizes the drains from the roofs of houses and baths. As a result, even after a brief rain I have a supply of clean, soft water. The barrel set primitive pump which pumps water successfully.
I always use this water for watering plants.

Storm drainage system is a surface for collecting and disposal of rain water and melted snow from the roofs of buildings and surface water from the site (if necessary). The system is completed with rainwater, trays (depth and width is calculated based on the volume intercepted Photo) and the pipes in some cases and sumps. Rain drainage prevents stagnation and waterlogging in areas with clayey soils impermeable. It is not intended for drainage and diversion of groundwater (capillary, ground, perched).

Number of surface water often exceed the amount of groundwater, we should not underestimate the importance of stormwater. Infiltration has not been canceled - except that puddles spoil the soil and the type of area, soaking, the surface water is converted into the underground. This involves increasing the load on the drainage system, which was hardly taken into account in the original calculation. One of the most common and egregious errors - the combination of storm water and drainage system. When, instead of impermeable pipelines or surface water drainage ditches offsite or switch, it is sent to the permeable drainage pipes or drain pipes are used for transit, in an attempt to reduce volume. Result dolorous.

formoza

Participant FORUMHOUSE

... Once again - I refer to the Evan / FAQ - drain pipe, you pounded the surface water into the ground. As a consequence - waterlogging, suffusion, uneven decrease in the bearing capacity, frost heave.

drainage system

Drainage otherwise deep system is designed to prevent the flooding area - drain groundwater and reducing the groundwater level to an acceptable value. The main indication for the device of the drainage system in addition to the drain and livnevki is impermeable soil and groundwater level high and low-lying portion relative to the other location. Depending on the starting conditions may be required once the drainage prifundamentny protecting the base from waterlogging and drainage area as a whole.

All parameters of the drainage system are selected based on the results of these geological and hydrological studies. Complete with a system of specialized drainage pipes laid in trenches with fractional dusting. From Transit, they are distinguished by the presence of a perforation, through which the pipe absorbs moisture.

formoza

... Typical drainage scheme in clay soils: the pipe without the geotextile, in the rubble. Crushed in the "shell" of geotextile on top - coarse sand. Ideally, the sides of the shell - sand dusting.

Also pipes in drainage wells includes: rotary, inspection (for maintenance) and collector (accumulation of water mass).

Commutator wells are divided into leakproof, calculated on a periodic evacuating and absorption (filter). Recent demand is minimal, because the watered ground water is not absorbed very well and constantly overflowing.

One of the main problems in the country villages is not so much the device drainage system, how much difficulty the further diversion of water from the reservoirs.

Vasiliy_Bogatov

Member FORUMHOUSE

... There is a feeling that all the polls done around drainage areas, and only as needed: 1. Get drainage ditches to 2. If there is no spontaneity - throw from the pump tube in the same ready-made drainage. Why never write about "real" problems of drainage, where there are no gullies or ditches. Where a drainage pit filled with water for a couple of hours, and there is no place to drop water ...

One solution - pond device.

Strogiy_papa

Member FORUMHOUSE

Familiar in which portion was in itself a valley, a pond dug depth of 2 meters (square allowed) in the corner portion at the bottom. All of the water goes into the pond. Subsequently, water is used for watering the garden. No problems with the overflow of the pond. Neighbors walked in their own areas in Boots - the familiar garden plants.

Homemade or professional approach

Drainage systems device is possible both in the home, the good materials and instructions abound, and with the assistance of outside artists. Calculate and collect the drainage system and pave the storm sewers in most situations it is really its own, while a bit more complicated with a drainage system. To not work out, that "wanted the best, but it turned out as always" consultants and moderators portal advised the following.

Ladomir

Moderator FORUMHOUSE

Material provided by our consultant Evan. Drainage homemade or drainage from the experts - where the border.

The most clear analogy with medicine - no one will call the doctor to measure the temperature or "blood sugar." While admitting that someone is willing to pay the money and these procedures. And the bulk of developers will itself deal and try to reduce costs. Rational financial approach is reasonable, justified and worthy of respect. But it became the favorite method of commercial structures to fill the string and provide universal solutions in the guise of the latter-day materials - pipes, geotextiles, geocomposites. It is certainly desired materials, but their use as conventional materials can be geology understanding (hydrogeological) of a portion of the relief area (surveying). But perhaps most importantly - the level of responsibility (capital) structure or landscape, which you defend.

So, it is necessary to undertake an independent water level under the following conditions:

• To understand the issue you're ready to shovel a lot of information (read, browse, calculate) and votknetsya shovel in the ground, not having studied the problem completely. Alterations are always more expensive.
• You understand the "nature" of water on the site, with a shortage of funds for the full survey, prepared to conduct research on their own, having carefully studied the sections of the forum about the geology and hydrogeology.
• The plot is surrounded by neighbors repeatedly tested and examined and is of doubt - sandy soils with aquitard 10 m and below.
• Actual GWL in your yard in the spring and autumn season not exceeding 5-8 m from the surface planning.
• In the future, the district is not planned construction of roads, dams, fields of filtration and the like.
• You build a house, or bath, or hozblok diverts water from the territory of the garden, a kitchen garden.
• You are building block with a dense basement loam and clay without impurities fractional generating vadose (sand lenses gruss et al.).
• You understand and understand how to make trim (prifundamentny) drainage and reverse fractional filter, the forum has repeatedly "chewed".
• You know exactly what's under the "sole" and at a distance of 1-2 meters do not have the pressure of the aquifer.

You should not rely solely on their strength if:

• It is about the construction of the basement under ground water table in the area of ​​the cap marks.
• It is about the construction of the basement in the area of ​​groundwater pressure.
• It is about building on the ground floor area of ​​building active neighbors.
• Centralized sewer and sewer network livnestochnoy not.
• In the future, the construction of roads, the basement, impervious barriers and absorption pits, trenches and fields of filtration.
• Located in the area inundated open gutter (river, stream).
• Located in the thalweg, gully.
• Geologic represented technogenic deposits or adding aquifers.
• You do not want to spend time and carefully study the problem, hoping for a "magic wand" in the form of a universal council of a few sentences.

Ladomir

In other words, the trim and the systematic drainage of the territory it is possible to perform themselves. Ring, reservoir, the head (the coast), radiotherapy - preferably engaging hydraulic engineering, geology, hydrology.

Output

Drainage system - a set of measures allowing to drain even the most difficult areas and "to plant a vegetable garden, where neighbors just walk in rubber boots." And even do a basic minimum in the form of drainage and storm sewer, actually much easier on yourself. But in particularly difficult situations do not do without a drainage system, but do not "instead of" and "together".

For those who want to understand their own - the whole branch on the forum profile. also learn examples of drainage and livnevki portal members. Drain the creek or pond, you can refine homemade decorative bridge. In the video - both with their own hands to build a cellar at high groundwater level.

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