Autumn winter feeding: how to collect and preserve the harvest garden crops

Autumn - time to harvest. To the works of truckers are not wasted, it is important to know how to gather and prepare for the storage of fruits and vegetables

Many people have a cottage or smallholding, which are grown various horticultural and vegetable crops. Lot of time and give vacationers to get a good harvest. When fall comes, it comes the time to reap the fruits of their hard work. How correctly to collect and store their crops? Read about it in detail in the article.

Content

• Timing of harvest
• Collection of fruits and berries
• Apples, pears
• grapes
• Vegetables
• Carrot
• Beet
• Potatoes
• Bow
• Garlic
• tomatoes
• cucumbers
• Basic retention rules

Timing of harvest

Those who have started to learn horticultural and science recently, faced with the question of when to start the harvest. The time frame of this process depends on the type of crop, the climatic conditions of the region.

It is important to finish all the work of collecting and harvesting the crop for the winter before the onset of the rainy season and frost. Otherwise, the fruits may be damaged, will begin to decay. Therefore, ask when your local weather begins to deteriorate. Try to plan out all the work before the onset of the cold period.

Collection of fruits and berries

Unlike vegetables, fruits and berries can be removed from the branches in a slightly immature state. At this time, the fruit solids, can be stored in boxes. When harvesting of pears, apples, should not be allowed to overripe fruit. If the tear them hard, after 5-8 days, they dospeyut. The fruits acquire specific, pleasant flavors and flavor.

Collected in nearly ripened state of the fruit in a week you can eat, use of blanks, preparation of different dishes. Preparing fruits for the winter, they can be stored for several months in the cellar.

Apples, pears

Collection: as fruit ripening

Fruits are removed from the tree gradually, not all at once. It is necessary to assess the degree of maturity of apples or pears. Collecting them for several days, the fruits are placed in wooden boxes. At the bottom of the container is poured sawdust.

When storing apples to exclude the neighborhood with garlic, potatoes, onions. Humidity in the vault to remain at the level of 85-90%. If the air is drier, the fruits will wither. Ideally, if the ambient temperature is 1-5 ° C.

Apples can not collect too early. Otherwise, they will not be stored for a long time, their taste deteriorates. Overripe fruit becomes too soft, so, too, can not be stored for a long time.

Shoot the fruit of the tree should be carefully without damaging them. You should not be afraid apple. Fruit will fall to the ground. Because of this, in the place of impact can occur over time, rot. Remove the apples from the branches by hand, along with the stem, but spurs break off. Wax coating does not wash, as it protects the fruit from the rapid evaporation of moisture, the harmful effects of pathogens.

grapes

Collection: in the process of maturation of the grapes

Autumn - the vintage. This work needs to be done as far as ripening of berries. Each grapes at harvest comes in different periods. So check what kind you are growing on the site, what features it offers. Some varieties can be removed from the shoots in August, but others should remain on the branches up to the frosts.

Harvest, inspect each bunch. Dry, damaged berries are definitely clean. This procedure makes a small sharp scissors with blunt ends. Proceed carefully, so as not to damage healthy berries. Also, be careful not to damage the coating on grapes. He needed to further protect the berries.

Collect fruits only in dry weather can be carried out. The clusters are spread on a cotton cloth, which absorbs moisture well. It can only be stored well-ripened grapes. Therefore, unlike apples and pears, do not rush to pluck the bunch.

The grapes are stored in a room with thick walls, where there is always a dark and dry. There must be good ventilation. Eliminate the chance of the presence of foreign odors. Temperature should be maintained at 1-4 ° C.

Grapes stored in clean, dry boxes 8-10 kg, which is desirable to harvest laying sulphured. Bunches pour sawdust (except pine and spruce). If clusters are large, they are hung on poles, leaving the bottom of the bed of clean straw layer of 2-3 cm.

Vegetables

Somewhat differently harvesting vegetables for the winter. It is important to know cottager particular varieties of garden culture, to take into account all the subtleties of its collection and storage. It is also worth considering that some types of vegetables can not be stored in a cellar. Therefore, you need to consider in advance how and where you will keep the harvest.

Carrot

Collection: the middle or end of September

Root is stored better if you collect it when colder outside. But the time to perform this procedure must be before the frost. Examine the collected carrot. It should be free of cracks, rot and mechanical damage.

It is best to store carrots in the sand. Prepare a large wooden container. At the bottom pour sand layer 2-3 cm. On it lay the carrot to the roots do not touch each other. Fill them with sand. So layers carrots lay the container. Sand can be replaced with sawdust.

In the middle of winter, you need to conduct an audit of the crop. Revise roots, removing the container from the damaged rotten carrots. Then again, her pour the sand or sawdust.

Beet

Collection: the end of August or beginning of September

Beetroot must be removed before the onset of frost. Sometimes this procedure is carried out even before the carrots. Note that even weak frosts will damage the roots, as his shoulders are above the ground. Podmerzshie vegetables are not suitable for storage.

Once the tops turn yellow, you can begin harvesting. If properly podgadat time and collect the beets before the frost, it will be well kept, even in not the best of circumstances. It is poured into the grid and put into storage in the cellar. It can be laid beets in the boxes, interspersing vegetables, like carrots, sand.

In the process of preparation is necessary to cut off the tops of each root. Petioles should be no longer than 1 cm. Then they need to be dried. When the stalks are dry and hard, it is possible to lay the beets in storage.

Potatoes

Collection: as drying of foliage

Before the start of the harvest is necessary to check the degree of maturity of the tuber. Dig it up and wipe your fingers. If the peel is not removed in this movement, you are ready to harvest. Only ripe potatoes will be stored well. Tubers at this time has managed to accumulate enough starch nutrient. This will allow the potatoes stored in the cellar until spring.

Digging harvest, the tubers must be expanded on the ground to dry. Medium sized tubers are selected for further planting. They are dried for 10 days under the sun. Tubers must acquire a greenish hue. There can not be, because the solanine (alkaloid) appears in a potato. But due to the presence of this substance tubers for planting is best stored.

Ideally store potatoes in a dark cellar, wherein the temperature is 2-4 ° C. Air must be wet, about 90-95%. If the potatoes a little (couple of bags), it can be stored in boxes on the balcony. The main thing is that the vegetables are exposed to sub-zero temperatures.

Potatoes harvested for further planting is stored in piles. It is put in a dry place. There settling a small platform, which is veiled straw. To defrost water does not accumulate around the collar, do the drainage grooves on the perimeter. On the platform laid the dried potatoes. Tubers need to hide a straw, and then covered with soil.

Bow

Collection: August

There are many ways to store onions. Neutral onion braid in braids and hung in the house, keeping it so the whole winter. This is one of the best ways.

Another good option storage of onions is to use nets. They are well leak air. It is also suitable for storage of boxes or crates. onion crop is dried in the sun for 1-2 days. Then healthy vegetables are laid out in a grid or boxes and leave in a cool, dry cellar or other suitable place. Best onions stored at a temperature of from -3 to + 1 ° C.

If you want to save the leek, it dug much later. It is best to perform this procedure at the beginning of October. In this case, it is stored for a long time, after cutting the roots to about half.

If the leeks will be stored in the cellar, put it upright in boxes. Harvest sprinkled with damp sand. The refrigerator leeks can be stored for up to 3 months. If there is a cellar, it is possible to build a shelter for the harvest on the balcony. In such circumstances bow withstand temperature drop to -7 ° C.

Garlic

Collection: August

By this time the tops become dry. Harvest, he, like onions, should be thoroughly dry, spread out in the sun. After that the head is cleaned from the roots and stems. You can not cut the tops dry. Her braid in braids and wreaths. Garlic in this case is kept at home.

Some gardeners each head of garlic dipped in melted wax from the candle. When it cools down, garlic placed in boxes. In this form it is well kept until the next harvest.

tomatoes

Collection: August-September

To save the crop of tomatoes for a long time, they disrupted half green. But make sure that the tomatoes have already started to blush. In this state, the fruit remain solid, so well kept.

Tomatoes ripen well after harvesting. They are less susceptible to rotting, and the period of their keeping quality is prolonged for 1.5-2 weeks.

If the tomatoes are well matured, it is best to make them different conservation. So it will be possible to store the workpiece throughout the winter.

cucumbers

Collection: August and September

Cucumbers begin to mature at the end of July, but it is possible to harvest them, and in the early fall. It needs to carry out daily inspections of the beds, which grow cucumbers. Since they collect small fruits. Cucumbers at this time the most crispy and delicious. Overripe cucumbers are not suitable for food. They become tasteless, have a dense rind.

Therefore, in the period of ripening cucumbers, sprouts should be checked 2-3 times a day. gardeners also recommend to cut off excess foliage. This will facilitate the harvesting. Cucumbers are best harvested in the form of conservation. They are not kept fresh for a long time.

Basic retention rules

Before harvesting of fruits and vegetables for the winter need to be familiar with a number of general recommendations for storing the harvest:

· Carefully selected fruit. Never store overripe, defective, rotten vegetables and fruits.

· If the fruit fallen, it is better to eat right away or make them into conservation.

· The room in which the fruit is stored, should be dark and cool. Make sure that there is no fungus on the walls, and all the wooden parts are clean and dry.

· A revision of the winter harvest. If you find a rotten, spoiled vegetables, fruit, remove them immediately. Otherwise, the entire crop will be ruined in a short time.

These simple tips will help to keep the harvest for a long time. Even in winter you can enjoy fresh vegetables, fruits and preparations from them.

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