Flowing of wood: garden crusher do with his own hands

The problem of recycling waste wood faces many vacationers. Tells how to solve it, the experience of users FORUMHOUSE

Machine for grinding wood (garden crusher) allows you to forget about the need to light a fire for disposal of wood waste. This device is capable of processing source material in the dust, which can always be used for soil treatment or for the manufacture of building materials.

Content

• general information
• Scheme crusher garden
• Frame
• Drive unit
• Shaft shredder disk with cutting elements
• Protective cover and the receiving device
• Sieve

general information

Practical host will never allow completely burned in the fire tsenneyshemu fertilizer - sawdust. Properly organized compost pile within a short time it will turn into a good eco-friendly and rich fertilizer.

Nemodny

Member FORUMHOUSE

I became slightly apply stale sawdust and decomposing them using nitrogen-fixing bacteria (in air of 78% nitrogen). Be sure to loosening. Planting right in the sawdust.

As for the manufacture of building materials based on wood chips, if you have heard of such a thing as

"Arbolit", You probably will understand - what is at stake.

And by the way, some heating boilers are successfully operating on fuel made from sawdust. Consequently, the scope of material obtained from wood, having served its time, is high. And therefore, the production of machines for grinding of wood is justified occupation.

Scheme crusher garden

The study design of any mechanism begins with a study of the scheme and the principle of its operation. Let's start with a scheme.

This image shows a pictorial diagram of garden crusher. Will list its basic elements:

• Frame - composed of columns (1) and the base (2).
• Drive Mechanism - tensioning mechanism belts (15), the motor (8), a belt (13) and a drive pulley (14).
• Shaft with a fan and cutting elements (pos. 4,5,6).
• The receiving device - feeding hopper (9), the pre-press (10).
• Protective cover (pos. 11 and 12).
• Calibrating grid (pos. 7).

If all machine components are correctly assembled if the welds are reliable, and the cutting elements are strong, the machine is durable and easy to operate. It will provide a good grip of processed wood, and the output you get the desired amount of sawdust.

The principle mechanism of action is as follows:

• The motor (electric, gasoline and the like. D.) Transmitting torque (via a chain or belt transmission) on a shaft with cutting elements.
• Stem (or bar) entering the receiving chamber is captured chopper knives and cut into small chips.
• Chips fall into the hammer mill chamber where crushed to a predetermined fraction.
• Shredded chips wakes crusher through the grate and under the action of the fan blades is ejected from the device through the outlet.

Frame

Given that the mill is a cumbersome mechanism (besides prone to vibrations), its frame must It is made of a solid metal tube (with a wall thickness of 4 mm) of hard metal or corner.

Roll crusher variant will be equipped with a couple of nice wheels.

Dimensions and other features of the frame are completely dependent on the size-hang it from the equipment and machine performance.

Drive unit

drive design, in fact, is simple: the tensioner, pulleys and belts - all this is possible without any problems to make or buy. A key challenge that we have to solve by developing drive design is the choice of a suitable engine.

The motor can be used both electric and gasoline. Machines with petrol engine have a more complex structure. Machines with an electric motor, on the contrary, are more compact and easy to operate. For stationary wood shredder is preferable to use an electric motor. For mobile machines more suitable petrol engine. Among the successful models that users FORUMHOUSE able to collect on their own, dominated by machines with an electric drive. Therefore, they we will consider in this article.

The motor should be selected on the basis of its capacity. Engine power should be at least 4 kW. This figure is sufficient for shredding garden branches diameters up to 4 cm. The optimal momentum on the chopper shaft must conform indicator 1500 rev / min.

Significant reduction in speed (1000 rev / min or less) on the crusher shaft reduces the force of airflow that pushes the crushed material from the crusher. And that could lead to predictable consequences: the drum with sawdust clogging, power loss, etc...

Ana789

user FORUMHOUSE

In discussing shredders have information that the number of revolutions of the rotor should be in the range of 1500 rev / min.

If in addition to shredding garden branches you pursue other goals (eg, preparation of raw materials for the production of wood-concrete slabs), then your machine will certainly need a power supply. Also in this case it may be altered and the number of revolutions at the working crusher shaft (as in most, and the lower side).

Volodaris

user FORUMHOUSE

Motor 5.5 kW were weak. With such a supply of timber 50x50 mm it is not osilival. Apparently, this is due to good self-capture timber. Therefore, the machine began remaking (not to buy a powerful engine, and it would require at least 11 kW).

The optimum number of turns on the shaft of the crusher can be obtained by varying the diameter of the drive pulley.

Volodaris

on the first machine engines are used trehtysyachniki - only because there was no 1500 rev / min.

Shaft shredder with cutting elements

Perhaps the most difficult part of our machine is the grinder - Crusher shaft (bearings), a grinding mill and hammers (bits). Its consideration begin with the grinding mills, comprising a flywheel (drive) with knives.

The key parameter of disc, which directly affects the productivity of the crusher, is its diameter (350 to 600 mm). Less is not worth doing.

Volodaris

In my opinion - this is a dead-end solution (I mean 200 mm disc). First, what you can put the knives back? In the center of the shaft, for example, 50 mm. What is left on the disc? In my case, my machine would not let me make the drive more than (350 mm at a thickness of 15 mm - it was the edge). All that has been done is done, without leaving the house. But nothing serious to order the disc at any turner.

In this case, the disk in the manufacturing process was welded metal sleeve. Once the disk has been planted on the shaft sleeve welded to the shaft itself. Thus the cutter is securely fixed to the shaft.

As you can see, 350 mm - is the minimum. The user "Kirasir"I went on to obtain a disk 600 mm in diameter and 33 mm thickness, taking as basis the dimensions of parts of the Chinese crusher. 3 blade was installed on the disc. Flowing driven by the engine of 18.5 kW.

Individual attention knives mounted on the cutter disc. Knife steel must be durable, so users FORUMHOUSE recommended as starting material for road use spring blades.

Volodaris

knives – this is a common spring (think of the GAZ-52). No prior release did (as well as quenching). Sami knives have been stacked and processed to the desired size to sandpaper.

Drilling spring - time-consuming activity. And in order to achieve positive results, drilling of the workpiece to be machined (lathe or drilling), allows you to set a sufficiently low spindle speed (the drill bit does not burn).

Blade length must match the length of the working slot on the disc.

On how correctly sharpened knives, mills will depend on the performance and its ability to self-feed timber capture. When good grip wood falls into the machine without assistance.

Knife sharpening angle (angle self-sharpening) must equal 30 °.

Honing the cutting element, it is necessary to create a backing (bevel on the back surface of the blade - angle 2 °... 3 °). Backing needed to ensure a good squatting supplied timber.

VdoVin

user FORUMHOUSE

Science reverse angle should be about 3-5 degrees.

Hammers, (bits) for further grinding chips to do detachable. At this stage, the difficulties should arise. After the removable mechanism design is fairly simple, and if it is based will be used bolt connections, the defective parts can be replaced quickly if necessary.

That's what says about the design of our user portal hammers.

Volodaris

I hammers themselves are made of simple steel sheet 4 mm thick. If you break up the only tree, their strength will be enough. About sharpening: I do not see the point in it - everything works so well.

With regard to the width of the hammer mechanism: author considers the illustrated construction that the structure of the hammer 4 must not take more than 90 mm.

coil wheels shown on the photo are made of sheet steel 6 mm thick. Fan blades can be made from the same material from which the bits have been made.

Balancing working shaft - not an easy task, but if possible, it should be run. First, it saves the machine from excessive vibration, secondly, significantly extend the service life.

Kyper777

user FORUMHOUSE

I'll drive to the first balanced centers (pre-assembled everything except hammers). It was the first rough balancing. Then balanced on the knife (I think the imbalance should not be). When will collect hammers, they, too, adjusting weight.

Shaft crusher is best mounted on double-row self-aligning bearings. When used in vibration and uneven loads the advantages of these products are indisputable.

If the mill is grinding to a banal branches, and the size of the chips at the exit from it you do not care, the hammer mechanism (as well as the calibration grid) include machine structure not necessary.

Protective cover and the receiving device

Housing structure better considered complete with the receiving device. The dimensions of the casing depend on the performance of the machine, to be exact - on the size of its working bodies (milling, hammers, etc...). The thickness of the shell walls must be sufficient to withstand heavy loads, possibly playing the role of the counter-element. The housing is expedient to do with a hinged lid (for ease of maintenance of the machine), as shown in the figure.

Structure represented casing is fully working. The only thing that was finalized in the course of the machine settings - a box under the hopper (Changed slope loading device and, consequently, the input reconfigured holes).

User Volodaris produced two machine with covers of different thickness: 6 mm and 12 mm. The design of the second machine element plays a role of counteracting the housing wall thickness of 12 mm. The machine is fully working, but to increase the reliability of the casing should be equipped anvil (ideally - removable). This can be accomplished as follows: to a casing weld rigid plate, to which by means of bolts and is secured removable anvil.

Counteracting element must not be less durable than the cutting knife. Therefore, to manufacture these parts is the best of the same material. As for the sharpening angle of the counter, it should be straightforward.

Sandugach

user FORUMHOUSE

I believe that we need a strong metal that is a considerable burden, and we need a clear angle -.. 90 degrees. If I'm wrong - I will be happy to read the other versions. 90 degrees - a counter knife sharpening angle.

The smaller the gap between the cutter and the counter-knife, the shorter chips will be produced. Therefore, the distance can be reduced to a minimum (most importantly, so that the blades do not cling to each other).

In principle, the gap between the cutting machine and the counter-element can be adjusted during operation. This will provide optimal degree of grinding of wood. For example, a user of our site, registered under the name Phoenix83, Carries out the adjustment by moving the cutter along the rotation axis. But the simpler way by placing washers of different thickness under the anvil.

The hopper can be manufactured from the same material as the casing itself. However, given the relatively low load on the node, it is possible to make the wall a little thinner. The design of the hopper is extremely simple, and if the crusher knives sharpened correctly, you need to include in the pre-press design eliminates the feeder itself (squatting, in this case wood, and so it will be at the highest level).

Mounting a boot device, the most difficult to choose the right angle of the installation.

Volodaris

Many from this angle are played: the steeper it is, the better squatting. I'm doing it of approximately 120-130 degrees. machine work while I was quite happy.

Sieve

The metal sieve (sieve) mounted on the inner circumference of the casing, makes it necessary to screen out dust fraction. The size of the holes in the fabric of the sieve depends on what kind of a fraction of chips you wish to receive. It is determined by the most experienced. Thus, the user Volodaris made a hole 20 mm in diameter, being prepared in advance, if necessary, change the specified resolution.

patriot 777

user FORUMHOUSE

Used sieve with oblong holes–10×50 mm.

Setting the screen, be sure to pay attention to the size of working gap: between the sieve and the housing and between the hammers and screen.

With regard to the clearance between the sieve and the housing, it should ensure smooth movement of the ground mass, preventing clogging with sawdust crusher. According to FORUMHOUSE users gap size of 10 cm is sufficient for the smooth operation of the device.

As for the gap between the bits and the sieve, it should be minimal. Thus it is desirable that the hammers along its length for a couple of centimeters in diameter out of the grinding mills.

We offer you a simple and reliable method of fixing the sieve to the casing of the machine.

Volodaris

user FORUMHOUSE

Diameter casing bolts are welded to which a screen and falls. Outer housing portion exactly the same bolts presses sieve. To situ welded restrictor, which, resting on the screws, does not allow to rotate the sieve.

Output

We have reviewed the most common design of homemade machines for grinding of wood. Garden crusher simplify recycling of waste wood and twigs, and output from the sawdust will be an excellent raw material for compost.

Discuss the issues presented, you will be able to continuation of the existing theme. A process timber comfortable on the makeshift table. And not only timber, but also the metal profile, profilegib same can be done for 2000 rubles. Video, telling about building a house out of wood-concrete blocksIt will help you find the answer to the question - in what areas you can use wood chips.

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