Remaking the attic: how to fix the error "professionals"

Expert tells how to reconstruct the attic floor in a country house, to prevent the formation of condensation and rotting wooden truss system

The portal often argue - if the attic is necessary or not in our climate. The arguments of the attic floor - this is an additional area and beautiful architectural design. Opponents argue the attic, attic that is too complicated to operate, and it is often necessary to repair. Why is this happening? The reason is simple - the gross violations in the construction of insulated roof. People lose sight of that each element of the attic - steam and waterproofing, insulation, air gap and finish roofing work as a single system. Therefore, in this article we will, with the help of a specialist company Dörken, tell you how to avoid mistakes during the construction of the attic and reconstruct it using modern materials.

Content

• The main mistakes in the construction of the attic
• What are the layers of the roof consists of the attic floor
• Two of the best ways of reconstruction of the attic
• How does adaptive vapor barrier

Three classic mistakes in the construction of the attic floor

In most cases, in the "tarnished" reputation of the blame attic or operators, not vniknuvshy this topic, or builders who erected it with violations of technology. The most common errors can be divided into three groups:

• Wrong design of the cake.
• builders error.
• Incorrectly selected and installed steam and waterproofing.

Consider the classic examples based on the experience FORUMHOUSE users.

House-Master

I have a house with an attic. Roofing - metal. After 4 years, I noticed that the attic has become much flow through the valley. The roof on the house - Gable. From one corner of the box is issued in the roof. This is where the flow of the valley. Logs, see section 20X5, rest on mauerlat, which lies on the wall. According to the logs, close to a heater, spread out moisture and windproof membrane. On it goes sheathing. The angles of the crates pinned down in a valley. Ventzazora not. After analyzing the situation and study the technology of construction of the attic, I have identified three main problems:

• No kontrobreshotki and ventilation of roof space. Condensate does not evaporate. Because of this, the membrane is wet and rotting boards.
• Improperly installed flagon. Because of crates stacked pieces, condensate does not drip down and the brakes on it. The film turned into a cloth and continuously passes the water.
• There is no roof offsets, so the walls are constantly get wet.

House with attic closeup.

Construction jambs at the attic device.

Vlagovetrozaschitnaya membrane along the entire length of the valley simply nailed to the boards stapler. And the film ends in the middle of the wall. Because of this, water flows and through holes punched by a stapler and floods the wall, falling into the house.

In one aspect, the assembled basic errors at the device builders insulated pitched roof.

The user has decided on its own to repair the attic, which had to remove the metal roofing, crate, water- and windproof film with replacement with new ones.

Consider the second case.

Nef785

I shabashniks team made the attic. About ventzazor they "forgot". While I lived with his family on the first floor, I did not know about the problem, but as soon as the heat became the second floor, away we go. Condensate poured a stream, at least take a shower. Insulation gets wet. Wooden rafters blackened. I think it will have to redo the whole roof. How better to do this? What to buy Superdiffuzionnaya membrane for moisture and wind protection of the attic floor?

The problem is compounded by the fact that the house is habitable, and roof repair should be done as soon as possible, without leaving the family "box".

• 1/3

The third case.

morelato

I also have a house with an attic. The problem - in the spring, condensation in cold triangle mansard roof. Ventzazor there, but apparently, between the metal tile and waterproofing insufficient airflow. How to fix it? Dismantling of the roof does not offer. The house is already decorated.

Roof of the house morelato during the construction phase.

The fourth case.

kolco74

I have an attic. Willing to reconstruct it - to replace the old roof covering and to increase the thickness of insulation. Vapor barrier is mounted to the crate inside the premises. I heard that the film should adhere to the insulation. Builders proposed lay the second insulation layer directly on the rafters, rounding them, as shown below. So you can do? After all, at the top, steam, and the diffusion membrane lie on each other. alter inside the attic can not already done finishing.

If we summarize the information above and analyze users' requests on the portal, the most interested in three things:

• How to repair the attic if the house has already lived-in and mounted on the ceiling finish.
• What is properly routed steam and waterproofing.
• As if to reconstruct attic insulation come deteriorated (becomes wet), or it is necessary to increase the total thickness of the heat-insulating layer.

"Cake" of the attic floor

Before we tell you, how to repair the insulated pitched roofExplaining what to look for during the construction of the attic.

Mikhail Pisarev

Technical specialist company Dörken

If you look at the attic floor from the outside, we see that it has the largest area of ​​walling, bordering with the external environment. Hence - increased heat loss. In addition: "pie" mansard roof is more complicated than that neuteplonnogo cold attic. To ensure trouble-free operation of the attic for years is possible only with the use of quality materials. It - steam. It prevents convective and diffusive penetration into the insulation of the moisture contained in the warm air of the room. Insulation provides the necessary thermal protection attic. Waterproofing (diffusion) film which prevents atmospheric moisture condensation and external penetrate the insulation, and discharges the water vapor to the outside.

Important!All the positive properties of the most reliable and modern waterproofing and vapor barrier films can be reduced to "no" if they are not sealed.

Overlaps films, tunneling through the roof space and adjacency film to beams, rafters, mauerlat zones, attic windows and crossbars purlins should be glued with special glues or ribbons.

For clarity, The basic building units of the attic with insulated pitched roof:

• steam from the inside;
• Truss;
• insulation;
• under-roof waterproofing;
• lathing and kontrobreshetka forming ventzazor for ventilation of roof space;
• roofing.

Renovation of the attic floor via an adaptive vapor barrier

In order to reconstruct or repair the attic floor outside the two types of vapor barrier films:

• Adaptive vapor barrier with variable water vapor permeability.
• Classical vapor barrier with a high water vapor resistance.

How to do it?

Mikhail Pisarev

Plus renovation of the attic from the outside - the owners of the house did not have to leave. All work carried out on the roof, of course, in the warm season. Workers dismantle roofing, batten, remove the old insulation and a waterproofing film. Remove the old vapor barrier is not necessary. Using an adaptive vapor barrier, which is placed directly on the rafters, skirting them. Advantages of this method:

• High speed and simplicity of installation, ie. K. A single material is deposited and a continuous layer.
• Due to the continuous and airtight vapor barrier layer is reduced heat losses.
• The roof is immediately protected against leakage in the course of roofing.

rolls overlaps glued-sided tape. This will ensure air tightness and protect the insulation from water vapor from inside the attic space. also sealedall the cracks and joints between the rafters. After mounting roofer adaptive vapor barrier is laid on it insulating material - mineral wool in plates or rolls. Above the insulation is spread diffusion membrane. Nail kontrobreshetku and finishing lath and is mounted roofing.

Features a vapor barrier with adaptive properties

For many the question arises, and how the adaptive film with variable water vapor permeability, And will rot if underneath wooden rafters?

The main feature of this vapor barrier is that its vapor permeability depends on the humidity. In the dry state it is not permeable to water vapor, and it becomes vapor permeable at higher humidity. For example, dry film component Sd = 5 m, and when moistened Sd is reduced to 0.2 m.

T. e. Adaptive steam under high humidity works as a diffusion membrane. It seamlessly displays excess moisture from the construction and prevents the formation on the surface of the rafters and the condensate heater.

Mikhail Pisarev

Sd - equivalent thickness of the resistance to water vapor diffusion. This product diffusion resistance coefficient μ steam and the material thickness d, expressed in meters. Sd = μ • d (m). This value indicates which layer vozduhaekvivalenten material on the ability to pass water vapor due to diffusion.

Important! Smoking conventional vapor barrier mounted on the above method, T. K. A wooden rafters, "wrapped" in a water vapor impermeable material will rot.

Renovation of the attic by means of an adaptive vapor barrier is allowed only for rooms with normal operation. Wet room and kitchen paroizoliruyte standard films.

Renovating the attic with classic vapor barrier

In the classical method of repairing attic outside builders also dismantled roofing, insulation and old film. The difference with the first way - the usual vapor barrier stack «trough" between the rafters so that their upper and lateral sides remain open to release steam.

Mikhail Pisarev

For reliable connection of the film in the junction to the rafters, the roll width or cut vapor barrier should be 100-200 mm greater than the distance between the rafter. film overlaps necessarily glued sealing tape. The vapor barrier is attached to the rafters of a synthetic rubber adhesive, and further fixed clamping rail. Sami slats fastened with screws or nails in increments of no more than 250 mm. After laying the insulation, is mounted on top diffusion membrane, which protects the insulation from rain, snow and blows out the condensate.

Due to the high water vapor permeability, diffusion membrane provides a complete and rapid withdrawal of the moisture accumulated in the insulation and rafter structure. During the reconstruction, as well as in new construction, use durable and quality Roofing films - this will ensure the protection of insulation from the ingress of moisture and foreign losses heat.

To protect the house from rain, dust and dirt at the time of repair, use a covering film.

Repair of the roof from the inside

At the end of the article we consider the way when roofing works reliably and does not require replacement, but it is necessary to replace the damaged waterproof tape and poorly mounted heater. Also, this method is useful to those who want to turn cold attic in the attic is insulated.

Mikhail Pisarev

When repairing the attic from inside the builders are working on the part of the interior. Therefore, the work does not depend on weather conditions, but the residents have to put up with the noise, dirt and dust, or move during the repairs. The works are divided into a series of sequential steps:

• Builders dismantle the interior ceiling finish.
• Remove the old vapor barrier, insulation and waterproofing tape is cut.
• To form ventzazora, inside roof crate to walking, the middle mezhstropilnogo flight, the spacer bar is attached 50-60 mm thick.
• Then, departing from the top of the rafter 40-50 mm, a diffusion membrane mounted, roll roll between the rafters. Film is fixed to the rafters clamping strips with nails or screws. T. k. a spacer bar has a thickness slightly larger, it will form a ventilation gap, and a bias film from the middle mezhstropilnogo trusses span.
• Further, insulation is installed between the rafters and keeps vapor barrier film overlaps with the sizing and joining the walls.

Important! The method is suitable for the repair of pitched roofs simple form without valleys. Provide ventilation roof space through additional eaves ventilation elements or roof. For this embodiment the repair should be used only with high film strength.

conclusions

The construction market offers a variety of building materials for the renovation and repair of heat insulation of the roof. at choosing a vapor barrier and water- and windproof film management decisions that are time tested from well-established manufacturers. Do not forget the sealing of complex parts and overlaps. To do this, use the sealing tapes and adhesives. Just because you build a comfortable and durable attic.

Recommended topic - nadstropilnoe roof insulation, To learn about the nuances of this technology.

Helpful articles:

• Garret or cold attic: What to choose, so as not to regret, and what the difference between them.
• Remaking roof with a "cold" in the attic loft living: Stages of renovation and insulation of the old house, which helped to increase its usable area.
• How to build a well-insulated stone and frame homes in Europe: The experience of Scandinavian countries, Belgium and Germany.

In the video - master class in repair of a roof the classical scheme with adaptive vapor barrier.

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