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Infrared Heated floor - from theory to practice

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Alternative heating systems today are nothing new, the heating system has long ceased to be perceived as a wall pipe to the radiators. Warm floor - one of the most popular ways of heating that is used as a supplementary or independent circuit. There are two types of underfloor heating systems - with a heat transfer fluid, usually water, and electric - heating elements. Infrared Heated floor while the second refers to the species, but it is difficult to call electric. Although these systems in the course of nearly a decade, they are known less than a conventional counterparts, in spite of the many positive characteristics. Of course, by our members of the forum, the system fails, many participants FORUMHOUSE heat their homes using infrared heat-insulated floor.

Historical reference

The first invisible radiation beyond the red part of the spectrum, the British astronomer discovered with German roots by William Herschel in 1800. A century later, with a small, already our compatriot, the physicist A. BUT. Glagoleva-Arkadieva experimentally received radio wave, the length of which corresponds to a range of infrared light. This proved that the infrared radiation - a kind of electromagnetic waves, it is as natural as around us light and radio waves. Infrared radiation (SRI) - electromagnetic radiation with a shorter wavelength than visible light (from about 0.8 microns to 2.1 mm). Infrared waves radiate any heated body, in theory they are understood body at a temperature greater than absolute zero (-273,15⁰S), so that IR radiation - heat. However, some substances do not allow this kind of rays, for example - water. Infrared radiation is divided into several areas along the length of the waves, and the wave length depends on the radiator temperature (heated object):

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  • Shortwave - 0.74 - 2.5 microns.
  • Medium wave - 2.5 microns - 50 microns.
  • Longwave - 50 microns - 2000 microns.

It is on the wavelength and its penetrating power depends on the intensity and nature of the impact of SRI on living organisms, if long waves are beneficial, they are widely used in medicine, the short, on the contrary, disastrous. Prolonged exposure is possible not only to heat stroke and burns, but brain damage since shorter rays penetrate into the body of a few centimeters and cause overheating of the internal organs. Allocate the short wave infrared emitters with temperatures from 100⁰S, it can be manufactured aggregates and conventional domestic heating, which is not protected by a special spiral diffusing screen.

As regards the relationship between theory and practice, it is a direct - heating elements infrared heat-insulated floor is not heated up to 100⁰ indicator and produce a safe wavelength. Therefore, the categorical statements of opponents of the system about its harmfulness groundless. But marketing and praise of the undoubted benefits, too far from the truth - the useful range will turn off most of the flooring. Infrared Heated floor - is an alternative heating system with its own advantages and disadvantages, and no way to turn a house into physiotherapy.

system components

The basis of all IR underfloor systems is the ability of certain carbonaceous materials to generate heat in the infrared range by passing current through them. Tellingly, the radiation heats not only the air, as in the case of other systems, but also items that, in turn, also give off heat. By the way, positioned by manufacturers as "unique", "latest" technology has been successful in the domestic auto industry in the end of the last century, as a user portal noted Aleks074.

Aleks074(Member FORUMHOUSE):
Well lit is unique, even on-basins sixes eighties release applied this technology to heat the rear windows.

Today, there are three ways to warm floors in the infrared radiation, depending on the radiators.

  • Film floor - carboxylic paste sealed between layers of a special polymer film on both sides of a copper bus bars, feeding electricity, provoking exotherm silver coating protects contacts against overcooking. More common striped film in which carbon is sealed in a cavity of varying width and assembled into blocks. For ease of installation, there are places cuts, and even if you accidentally damage the strip down only will she, and not the entire unit. Rarer paste sealed across the cavity, such floor effectively, but much more expensive.
  • Stem mats - carbon filler is sealed in a shell in the form of long rods, which are also equipped with tokovodami and connected in parallel mats.
  • Cables - appeared relatively recently, the finest carbon fiber in the shell, in fact, a kind of rod mat, but without a parallel connection cable sold bays.

Film floor for laying under the floor covering without the "wet" processes - laminate, linoleum, carpet, and the like. On the one hand, this is a plus - a minimum of problems with the installation, on the other - under the tile is very popular in technical areas, it can not be put.

Stem mats are intended for laying in mortar, and the base is smooth, can be immediately put on the tile adhesive, without an additional layer, but the total thickness of the coated adhesive should not be less than 2 cm. Our forum users use both film and cables.

Rava (Member FORUMHOUSE):
TP film is good because it can be laid floorboard. I have done so, like it or not, is completely "transparent" no coverage does not happen. And all that takes place - heats objects: a table, stairs, walls, and the whole point. You open the windows wide open, ventilated, and when it will close - again warm. Because not only the air is warm, and all around.
Sergeypotseluev (Member FORUMHOUSE):
I bought five hundred meters of such cable, three thermostat. Fifty meters in the tile adhesive beneath granite, hundred thirty two meters under the laminate laid, check that everything warm. At a height of one and a half meters of laminate felt radiant heat from the floor. Cable cut into pieces by eleven meters, so it is better warmed, but electricity consumption rises

IR Heated floor operates from the mains voltage of 220 - 230 volts (50 Hz), the system includes not only the radiator in the form of a film, mat or cable but also a temperature sensor and thermostat. These devices provide an optimal heating of the premises with a minimum expenditure of energy. The system will maintain the set parameters, increasing or decreasing the heating as required. Depending on the type of floor and IR energy saving characteristics of the room, is placed on the system power 150 W / m² to 200 W / m². If the floor is used as an auxiliary heating system, sufficient minimum power if the primary heating - will have to use the maximum.

Heated floor must occupy 60 - 80% of the floor surface in the premises, but the exact numbers will depend on the power of a specific brand, and the room characteristics. Usually selling companies themselves calculate coverage area, based on data provided by the buyer.

Installation

Regardless of the type IR floor, he needs properly prepared substrate surface should be strong and smooth, not allowed to drop more than 3 mm per m². Above the subfloor clean insulating substrate stacked foil portion outwardly overlaps are stuck tape (aluminum), it will prevent penetration of radiation down. And the film, and mats and cables are laid at a distance, laps emitters are not allowed. The method of fastening elements of the system depends on the species, using a two-way or a special adhesive tape, plastic ties or improvised devices.

Kotoffey (Member FORUMHOUSE):
Do primitive: foil insulating, stainless steel wire mesh with a cell 9 x 7 cm in the thinnest, as its role - only to keep the cable, cable ties recorded, respectively, where I want to warmly - see step 7, where I do not want - 9 cm from the floor contacts brought.

Sergeypotseluev I was putting the cable under the laminate without a tie, so mount the other scheme.

Sergeypotseluev:
Cover the first layer aluminum coated foil substrate upwards, more raschertil boundary on the substrate built-in furniture. Joints sealed aluminum substrate tape (namely aluminum), field cable laying thin double-sided tape pasted strip in increments of 50 cm. Next was putting the cable on the tape in increments of 8 cm, gradually covering the entire heating zone chunks of 11 meters. The cable ends shall be made in one side for easy connection to the current-carrying wires. I laid on top of the laminate. In general, I repeated the recommendation of the seller.

To connect the equipment wires with tokovodami used crimp sleeves or special connectors, they usually are supplied with detailed instructions for installation and assembly. All the joints carefully insulated to avoid short circuits and system failure. The connections may get thicker base web. When it comes to the system to be placed under the laminate, it is recommended in advance proshtrobit at the base of the grooves, to "drown" the projecting parts on the floor and prevent kinked. When the screed is used, of sufficient quality insulation, alternatively, the corrugated tube is used, which also placed the thermal sensor or thermal sensors where large area coverage. SergeypotseluevIR mounted a cable system.

Sergeypotseluev:
Now think over a rough basis of any recesses countersunk to these compounds, isolate rubber insulators. Pressing topcoat place the cable connections and the current wire is not allowed. The ideal would be shrinking, and on top of the rubber isolator (something raw rubber types, for electrical stores are sold). Paul picked up on a separate cable 2.5 square cable - into the junction box on the RCD. Thermostats 16 amperes LCD.

If the coating film is mounted, it is laid on top of the polyethylene film, some use a wet-windshield, a laminate - substrate. When as soft coating materials, such as linoleum or carpeting, first plank plywood, OSB or similar base.

Work its underfloor heating Kotoffey quite happy.

Kotoffey:
Yesterday left for the night bath with working floors, postavlennnymi on 40⁰, morning came - Tashkent. My 1.6 kW in the sum of the floor perfectly warm my carcass bath, then I shut down the system, but the whole day window was open and still pretty hot inside, inertia. In the winter I plan to experience as the only source of heat in continuous mode.

Whatever it was, any system has its advantages and disadvantages, which are identified using, the best theory can fail. Infrared warm floors - alternative heating method, which has found its consumer, including, and portal users.

More information about infrared heating cable - in the subject line "Cable Infrared warm floor". Technology laying water floor heating on shaky ground is disclosed in the article of floor heating on wooden joists. from the article "How cheap to heat the house" you can learn about the most cost-efficient systems and equipment. In the video, of air heating It describes an alternative method of heating homes.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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