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Basement and basement under the house exploited - delve correctly

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Ideally, the expediency of the construction of the basement or cellar are determined at the design stage and construction are in compliance with certain technology. In reality, however, the need for additional area can occur much later, for example, when purchased the house, requiring major reconstruction, or will be possible to welcome convenience in a own. Not everyone has the opportunity to attach a separate utility room or dedicate to him the room, sometimes delve more real. That's among the users of the portal have FORUMHOUSE craftsmen, to solve such problems with a positive result.

introductory

Immediately worth mention that the possibility of building a basement under the standing home mainly depends on the type of foundation. Tape, pile or pile-rostverkovy allow such manipulation, with the slab does not work. And it's not the Herculean efforts that will have to make, even to dismantle part of the plate, and that the violation of the integrity - is the loss of the bearing capacity. Has the value and type of the box - a stone structure you can build a basement, but fail under the walls of the ground floor does not work, while the carcass or a house of timber actually "hang out" and raise at the expense of cap. Another important parameter - the type of soil and the groundwater level. If the groundwater level is high, the maximum recess is complicated, and in some cases impossible. Tverdoplastichnaya clay also means that the dig would be long and tedious, most likely using scrap or punch, as it is necessary literally "gnaw" each piece.

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The main difference between the construction of the basement in the final home of the first stage of construction - manual labor: and dig, and to choose the land, and pour the solution will have on their own, without the involvement of specialized equipment. It is therefore difficult, long, difficult, but possible, as proved by our skilled craftsmen.

Personal experience

alex_gagra (User FORUMHOUSE):
Inputs: 7x10metrov strip foundation, recessed on the clay 70 cm (or 120 cm from the ground), the width - 40 cm, armature 16 mm, two rows of two lines. The mass of the house - about 120 tons. Grunt - tverdoplastichnaya clay (after removal of the fertile layer of 40-50 cm, the foundation beat with a crowbar, spade was impossible), groundwater level below seven meters. I will bury the basement below the occurrence of the foundation base, agrees that properly and easier to dig a trench at once, but we have, in order and working.

In order not to make mistakes, alex_gagra I created a thread in the forum, which asked for more experienced colleagues to explain the technology, and responded to his request. In general, the process is reduced to manual digging desired depth of excavation and subsequent concreting the walls and floor. Concreting is necessary to maintain the support of the foundation and the ability to compensate for the lateral pressure. The most important question - how far from the foot of the basement can excavate and fill the wall. The answer was given by one of the participants.

VilArt33 (User FORUMHOUSE):
Dig from existing foundation soles are allowed a 30-degree zone from horizontal sole. This is the easiest way to get in shape dredged material corresponding to an inverted truncated pyramid of the foundation base.

On another topic the answer to this question is a little different.

bohlc (User FORUMHOUSE):
From vertical ribbon delay downward angle of 45 degrees. This support portion of soil on which the tape, it can not be touched.

In principle, both options are true, only the first is justified when tverdoplastichnyh clays with low groundwater table, but play it safe and make the angle more sense if the soil more friable.

Taking into account the advice of experienced, alex_gagra before starting work drew a layout plan.

And bring it to life - backed by metro from the basement, dug a trench around the perimeter to the edge of the sole, height from ground to floor slabs of 2.2 meters. Collected formwork of 20 cm in width, OSB (one wall), bound reinforcing carcass poured concrete mixer means (receiver instead could make drag buckets). In this first phase is ended, concrete left to mature. Two weeks later, we started the second stage - the remaining soil dug, filled the ribbon under the partition. Under the formwork - no cracks, no damp. Paul later decided to lay tiles.

The situation is similar in Hukuma - clay, water table at a depth of six meters, buried strip foundations, complemented by bored piles. From the sole retreated more than a meter, zaglubit 1.7 m, a wall thickness of 20 cm has a basement, the double reinforcement cage. Sex concrete layers - covering, insulation, reinforced slab thickness of 15 cm.

Hukuma (User FORUMHOUSE):
Alternatively, of course, risky, even more adventurous, but in my case I got away with it. Four years - normal flight, the temperature in the cellar - from +3 to +14 degrees. The basement stored vegetables materials fear of freezing, installed pump station, and the water tank of 200 liters.

Another craftsman of our portal with the problem of deepening the basement faced during the reconstruction bought a log house with a half-century of "experience." Since a well to supply households with water, he dug right under the house, it became necessary to partially transform the dry, small cellar in the full basement. Because the weight of the log is much less than the stone house, ground water deep, and very little prone to soil frost heaving, concrete basement walls Arty-CooL I did not. He stepped back from the base tape, deepened, filled with reinforcing tape around the perimeter to get a room and put retaining walls b / a brick, decently on this to save money. Now the well servicing problems does not deliver, and storage space for equipment and supplies enough. In addition, the walls of the basement will be a support for the ceiling.

Arty-CooL (User FORUMHOUSE):
Basement walls then I will still increase, and right to them will spread stone for backups floor beams.

Sometimes there is no possibility to organize in-depth technical room under the house, but you can do it under the garage, as did washerman.

washerman (User FORUMHOUSE):
Basement garage needed to accommodate the water pumping stations, storage capacitance 500 liters and subsequently to accommodate water treatment system. The groundwater table is deep, the soil - sand.

The depth of the pit was 2.1 meters in sandy soil sample had operatively construct retaining panels, as slopes strove to crumble. In the corner of the pit, make an indentation - pit, in this case it is needed for pumping equipment to provide the desired input level. Usually it is made in the event of flooding, for the collection and pumping water. At the bottom of the pit washerman packed waterproofing (roofing), exposed reinforcing cage and poured concrete slab thickness of 15 cm. The walls are lined with brick, reinforced with rows, retaining shields left, having laid between them and the brick wall roofing material. When the walls were finished, the assembled formwork, reinforcing cage bound, set it to trim the sewer instead of special stands, and plate filled with a hatch.

Really optimize already existing but neglected basement, transforming an ancient closet unknown destination in a spacious room that is suitable for any purpose.

Tatami (User FORUMHOUSE):
In the presence of log wood house built in '39 with later additions, basement under the log house. Not even the basement and ground floor, where the lion's share of masonry do not very experienced soldiers. Each wall is folded in different ways, and only in some places, like the normal clutch. The goal is to dig a large room about 30 squares - to go deep to 1.3 meters, to strengthen the walls and ceiling beams, open a window.

Foundation as such under the premise was not - the wall socket stacked directly on the ground, but, nevertheless, the house stood for nearly a century, and has no plans to break down in the foreseeable future. The first step is deepening dug under the walls in several places and laid the brick buoys / backup so that when the recess walls are not showered. In parallel, strengthened walls fittings and metal profiles, also stepped square profile joists. The window in the basement cut through almost immediately - after it easier to remove the soil and apply the selected materials. As digging around buoys laid retaining walls, the remaining voids filled with sand. Pit dug out, put in the window, rammed the bottom, lay a waterproofing with stops at the walls, laid a grid filled with concrete through a chute through a window. Now in this room, you can even organize a workshop, though the boiler room, a billiard room though.

Yes, the basement or ground floor correctly and easier to build, together with the house, and not after, but it is possible, when the need arises and circumstances permit.

Details - in the themes of our authors Online: alex_gagra, Arty-CooL, washerman, Tatami. All of the basement and ground floor - in the profile section of the forum. On the varieties and characteristics of ground floor - article "Ground floor in matters of members of the forum and the responses of specialists." In the video - a big house with a capBuilt their own in just a year.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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