House made of wood: stylish, practical, cheap
Vacationers like to use in the construction of natural materials. Not by chance the topic of the buildings of these non-standard materials such as sawdust, wood chips, straw and other raw materials are popular among visitors FORUMHOUSE. Relevant today combination houseIn which combines wood and concrete. These include the so-called "house of wood" built on Cordwood (Cordwoodmasonry) technology. That's about it and its variants "cordwood construction" will be discussed in this article.
Gordwood - construction technology
When the first houses were of logs is unknown. To this day the remains of these buildings wood found in northern Greece and Siberia, the age of which - a few thousand years. Traditionally, the flowering of technology Cordwood referred to 1800th years and noted that the houses and farm buildings were built according to this method, in the north-east America. Some of these houses and gazebos of wood survived. The wall thickness in most structures - 15-20 cm, sometimes - 45 cm.
However, similar buildings were also found in Asia and Europe. There is evidence that in Russia built houses of wood in the days of Leo Tolstoy. Especially popular this technology acquired in the United States during the Great Depression. In those difficult years of experience of many people I have shown that in order to successfully complete the construction of houses of wood stored for the winter, it is enough.
And all - thanks to low-cost or even free materials and simple construction.
Chock: birch or coniferous
Tree in houses built on Cordwood technology, is from 40 to 60%. The remainder of the - solution, and the mixture was insulating. Use 30 different types of wood, but will stump softwood preferable: Pacific yew, juniper, bald cypress, cedars. Also suitable churochki Douglas fir, western larch, pine, poplar. You can take and alder, aspen, but not birch logs! Block of wood from a birch - the worst possible material for such projects, all the stories on the theme "I have built a house of birch chocks" sad end.
Before using the wood must lie down for a year, but better - the three different possible significant shrinkage (up to 10 cm).
Metamorphos (Inprivately owned FORUMHOUSE):
- Of course, the important kinds of wood. As you know, the oak of the moisture is just getting stronger. It is important to process than wood: stain (to enhance color and texture), moisture-bio-suppressants based resin compositions (Crystallized tree structure, blocking pores), as well as various waxes and varnishes (wood impart gloss and water repellency properties). At a minimum, the end member processing. After it in the cabin and gloss appears.
Well dried wood ready for construction: with hemp bark is removed, the end edge of the wood are processed sandpaper to smooth the burrs that will accumulate moisture.
Before you start to lay wood (or at least their ends), it is desirable to impregnate antiseptic or burn with a blowtorch.
The solution for stacking firewood: choose the best
Experts give different recipes a solution for the construction of wood. Here's a 9 parts sand and 3 parts of sawdust (better - from coniferous trees), the same - construction lime, 2 parts of Portland cement. silicate plaster and linseed oil is used for the external waterproofing. Another recipe offers a mix 3 parts sand, 2 parts moistened sawdust, 1 part Portland cement and 1 - slaked lime.
Some builders put cleaved into a mixture of clay and sand or straw. The name of this "clay" technology - "cordwood construction."
Houses made of cordwood construction, photo. Projects in Russia.
Vatar (Member FORUMHOUSE):
- This is our Kulibin began to make glinochuroku, sculpt in clay, and then every year carefully gloss over the cracks. I know from my own experience of working with clay mortar, it is not easy to choose the composition with the lowest formation of cracks. In addition, for the solution of clay should have pins and needles in one's arm on a winter street. Alternatively, it is possible to experiment with the composition of clay-sand-lime dust, and clay in relation to the sand should be no more than 1 to 4.
If the arbor of logs and clay, processing ends with a blowtorch will be more organic.
Gazebo of logs and clay, processing ends.
The insulating layer in the construction of houses using chocks dust with lime (or mixture of sawdust soaked overnight with vermiculite) assembly foam, fiberglass, cellulose, polystyrene.
Metamorphos:
- To lower the thermal conductivity of cement, it is necessary to knead the foam (perlitbeton, keramzitbeton, at worst - opilkobeton) use various additives in the form of lime, PVAc (this will ensure reliable cement bundle with tree), any plasticizers. Concrete well be at the stage of mixing toned pigment because whitish gray color with wood is not very looks. Alternatively, during the laying of the inner layer (approximately 15 cm) laying concrete and outer (same), - fill two-component polyurethane foam having a density higher than 35 kg / cu.m. This would provide the necessary strength, no cracks during desiccation and good thermal insulation, the yellowish foam in this case does not spoil the external species.
How to build a house out of wood
Walls of house from stumps built very simply, it is like folding woodpile. Therefore, these homes so often called - woodpile. If when laying the log walls take the whole log, then the construction of Cordwood technology - short "cleaved" stumps in length from 15 to 60 cm (depending on climate zones: the cooler the more wall thickness). Wood is necessary to lay across the wall and the cement bond (clay) solution. The solution was put only on the edges of beams, and the middle insulating filling mixture.
House of logs and cement can be any shape, but it's easier to do round the walls: they do not require dressings and strengthening angles.
Traditionally the home of wood made from whole logs. Sometimes, however, to avoid through the cracks and crevices in the tree, the log before inserting it into the wall split. For more dense masonry alternate logs of different diameters, as shown in the photos.
Laying better to produce with the put window units. For greater effect on the walls lay a glass bottle, which at the same time, provide a light room is not worse than the lamp.
Assembled house should dry out, then you can plaster the wall (if it's supposed to). Speakers of the logs can be treated with an acrylic primer: it closes the pores of the air and protect the wood from rotting.
The roof of firewood Croutes shingles, wooden planks. Unusual looks "green" and traditional Russian thatched roof.
To protect the wooden walls, roof overhangs better to increase up to 80 cm. With the same purpose it is necessary to make a higher foundation (1 meter).
The debate about technology
That the house of wood and natural looks unusual. The properties of such a construction Gameday talk Topic "The house of wood. Nice and cheap. But it? Heat ". Cordwoodmasonry technology advocates say that such housing will be cheaper than the log, it will be warm in winter even at Moscow, and even in the colder regions of Russia, and cool in summer. Celebrating gardeners and construction speed, and ease of stacking technology wood, which does not require complicated projects, special skills, knowledge and tools, as opposed to the log walls.
But there are also opponents of the technology, who fear that the house of the wood will be short-lived and cold: there will be cracks, wood can rot in wood and cement mortar.
Yet, many agree on one opinion: Cordwood technology is worthy of attention. And if not a residential house, a small farm building, housing for pets, a guest house, a toilet, a gazebo or a bath of firewood cost to build. You can experiment with the interior decoration of the house, with table top or wall. You can kill two birds: and built a house, and wood have prepared! So - try and share your impressions!
Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.
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