From which to build a house features wall materials

Anyone who wants to build a house, are concerned about how to choose a material for walls. After it determines the strength, durability and comfort of home.

The choice of the wall material has a direct impact on the cost of works on the construction of the house.

To choose a wall material that you "on the shoulder", seek clarification from the FORUMHOUSE professionals.

How to begin selection of the wall material

Aerated or warm ceramics, timber, or arbolit frame technology... Any new developer when selecting material for building a house for permanent residence faced with an abundance of contradictory information. It seems that the materials so that the choice of a suitable seems an impossible task. We have to narrow the scope of the search and select exactly what you need!

According to its users forum nickname Abysmo, enough to understand the ten things to decide from which to build a house. Namely:

• What do you plan to build a house - for permanent residence or for short-term arrivals;
• What are your requirements for durability and environmental safety of the wall material;
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• How fast do you want to settle;
• How scheduled heated fuel;
• What will cost operation;
• How much are you willing to spend on the construction;
• What building materials are available in your area;
• Is it possible to conduct independent work, or will be involved in working;
• What building technologies and mechanization means available in your area of ​​residence;
• Considering whether the likelihood of a sale on the secondary structure of the market.

There are no universal wall materials that are suitable for any project. A large or a small area, especially living in the region, climate, personal preferences require the use of their materials.

Roman Nikonov (Construction Consultant):

- When selecting the wall material must take into account a number of technological features and the protective properties of the material: flame resistance, durability, heat conductivity. In addition, should be guided and their feelings - whether you like the material or not.

In the conditions of the middle band Russia walls should provide good thermal protection. they must also be strong enough to withstand the weight of floors, roof, snow and wind loads.

Snow conditions Moscow neighborhoods capable of giving load to 180 kg per 1 sq.m. roof surface. Do not forget about the fire resistance of structures.

Lohin (Member FORUMHOUSE):

- In case of violation of building codes and technologies you can even spoil the modern and expensive wall material.

And vice versa - a sound approach and careful planning allows for a very limited budget to build a reliable, practical and not so little comfortable home for permanent residence.

To note: the cost of erecting boxes (relative to the total construction budget) usually does not exceed 20-30%.

Revealing the following example:

If the house is planned to be operated in the "villa", then build stone walls are not cost-effective for the following reasons:

• The economic component. Spruce stone housing has cooled down, then on arrival it needs a long protopke. It is not profitable to do for one or two trips a week.
• The operational component. Irregular protaplivanie stone building winter negatively affects its durability.

ABOUTSobienie materials

Among the most prominent materials used in the construction of walls, are the following:

• brick and warm ceramics;
• foam concrete and aerated concrete;
• wood;
• frame technology;
• arbolit.

Consider their basic features.

Brick and warm ceramics

The advantages of this material:

1. Strength - indicated by the letter "M". The number after the letter indicates what kind of load can withstand a brick. This value is expressed in kg per 1 sq.cm.

2. Durability. Buildings made of bricks are among the most durable.

3. Environmentally friendly. At the heart of bricks - clay, sand and water. Due to its structure, brick good air permeability. Therefore indoor set favorable microclimate and the excess moisture is expelled. In addition, the brick walls accumulate heat well and then give it into the room.

4. High frost resistance. The higher the frost resistance, the durability of buildings. Frost resistance - the ability of building materials to withstand freezing and thawing in saturated condition. The frost resistance of the material indicated by the letter F. The numbers after the letters stand for the number of freezing and thawing cycles, which can withstand the material without losing its properties.

5. Aesthetics. The cottage, built of brick, can be designed in any architectural style and brickwork technology itself worked for decades.

6. The high degree of sound insulation. brick walls well quenched like a street, and of interior noise.

Despite a number of undeniable advantages, a simple brick has significant drawbacks.

Alexey Melnikov(Member FORUMHOUSE):

- Traditional ceramic brick size 250h120h65 mm does not meet modern heat engineering standards.

Calculations show that the required thickness of the uniform brick walls (even in the southern latitudes of the country) is not less than 1 meter.

Build a house for permanent residence with a wall thickness as possible but not economically feasible. Therefore brick got its further development - in the form of such modern solutions like warm ceramic.

Roman Nikonov:

- Ceramic block, porous ceramics or - a high-tech material based on clay.

Due smallest pores filled with air, ceramic stone obtained very warm and has a high mechanical strength. Block dimensions warm ceramics larger than the standard bricks in several times, which increases the speed of laying. But warm ceramics - a rather fragile material. Therefore, for fixing all kinds of structures in the wall of the ceramic block is necessary to use special anchors.

44alex(Member FORUMHOUSE):

- Warm Ceramics has a thin-walled structure, so it is not easy to fix some heavy objects, and expensive special tools are required for its cutting. After laying her warm ceramics should either be plastered on the outside, or in addition to fill vertical seams. Before you buy ceramic stone recommend to pay attention to the geometry of the unit and make sure there are no cracks.

When shtroblenie and drilling of walls from the warm ceramic must be very careful, otherwise you can split the block.

The main disadvantages of bricks:

1. The high cost of construction. Brick applies to expensive materials of construction, resulting in increased construction estimates;

2. The large mass of the building, which was built of brick, requires carefully calculated bookmark powerful and expensive foundation ;.

3. Seasonality of the construction work.

Wet processes (preparation mixes and water-based solutions) impose restrictions make it impossible or masonry brick in winter.

Read our article, which describes in detail aboutfeatures warm ceramics.

Foamed and aerated

Today, gas and foam concrete blocks - the most common materials for building walls. This is due to a good balance in quality-price ratio.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Advantages of such blocks are to their relatively low thermal conductivity (as a consequence of a high thermal resistance), high fire and biological stability, ease of handling manual and portable power tools, as well as their ease.

The block size allows it to stack one person, but at the expense of large-size block, the work is done simply, quickly and without much effort.

Even an untrained person can own to stack blocks. No need to mix a large amount of cement-sand mortar, masonry is conducted at a rather thin layer of adhesive. Also significant advantage is the uniformity of the wall, a large selection of blocks and good geometry.

Alexander Ax:

- gazosilikata easy to handle, it is easily sawn. It is also easy to organize different Laying nets, bridges, arches, etc.

One of the main advantages of gas and foam concrete as a wall material is its good heat and sound insulation, which leads to a reduction of heating and insulating materials costs.

Aerated concrete blocks are manufactured by large enterprises. Therefore, the quality of such materials correspond to the stated characteristics, as well as low geometric deviations.

But this stuff is not without flaws.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Gas and foam concrete blocks - very fragile material. Low flexural strength requires the use of relatively expensive and powerful base (typically a monolithic reinforced concrete slab), as well as additional reinforcements - Laying nets.

Aerated concrete, although it is cheaper aerated concrete can be produced by so-called "garage" methods. Therefore, when buying it is necessary to carefully consider the question of choice of supplier and not to pursue the lowest price.

Wood

Tree - this is a classic building material, but, in spite of the widespread popularity, it also has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Roman Nikonov:

- The wooden house is breathing, beautiful. It's very flexible, "home", a versatile material, easy to transport and install. But it is less durable than stone.

Because when building a log house there are no wet processes, the house can be erected at any time of the year.
It sets out construction, we think, from what is better to build a log home for permanent residence. Experts believe that from a log wood house is better not to build!

Alexey Melnikov:

- Bruce is more practical in terms of the ratio of cost-efficiency, but for connoisseurs timbered facades in the first place usually goes aesthetics log home.

Round logs and profiled bar (including drying chamber) - all these modern types of logs to improve the aesthetics and simplifying, the construction of the house.

Among the disadvantages of wooden houses can be identified:

1. The device "wet" rooms in a wooden house is associated with certain difficulties.

2. Based on the standard sizes of logs (6 m), the overlap Improvement over 5 meters in width is difficult to implement. Mid-floor wooden houses usually wooden girder. This reduces the degree of sound insulation in the house (wood is a good conductor sound) shock loads.

3. Wood is subject to shrinkage and cracking.

4. Wooden house should be regularly caulk to tint. Thermal protection, enough to live comfortably in the house provides a wall of wood with a thickness of 200 mm.

5. Wood rot and may require treatment antiseptic remedies against mold and borer beetles.

Therefore, the next step in the development of wooden house-building is the development of laminated veneer lumber - a wall material, devoid of drawbacks of the conventional timber.

We say that the dignity of laminated veneer lumber:

• The material is durable, and thanks to the special profile (Teeth protects the wall from blowing) better retain heat in the building;
• Glued laminated timber has a clear geometry, which facilitates and speeds up the process of building a house;
• Material is practically does not shrink, which allows immediately after the construction of the house to do the construction of communications and interior decoration;
• Due to the factory flammable biosecurity, glulam has high resistance to fire, mold and mildew;
• The walls of the house, built of laminated veneer lumber does not require the internal and external decoration.

The main disadvantage of this material include its high cost and the need to attract highly qualified specialists for the construction of the house.

Read our article about the featureshouses of laminated veneer lumber.

frame technology

Prefab homes are among the most warm and prefabricated houses. Therefore, if you urgently need housing-presrochno, and you're wondering, from what time resources and what material to build a house, safely choose this option. The main advantages of frame housing economy and high - a few months - the construction speed.

Because frame house is light, it is not necessary for him to build a strong foundation that also excellent reducing construction costs. The lack of wet processes allows you to build the carcass home all year round.

silent (Member FORUMHOUSE):

- If you are going to reside permanently in the frame house, please note that heating costs will be significantly lower compared to wood or stone houses, since the ability to retain heat from the modern heaters is higher than that of traditional materials.

Advantages of frame houses

• high speed of construction;
• frame technology does not require the use of heavy construction equipment;
• the construction of the house can be carried out independently;
• in the absence of shrinkage, interior and exterior frame house can be made immediately after completion;
• the thickness of the walls of the frame houses is typically less than 30 cm, which increases the usable area of ​​the house;
• during the cold season fast frame houses are heated to a comfortable temperature.

The disadvantages of frame houses are:

• High quality requirements for the materials used. For the construction of a frame house in the first place, it should be well dried and planed wood treated with fire and bioshield compounds that protect it from damage and decay. With the construction of the frame is unacceptable to use raw wood, as in the process of drying is jarred. This leads to a change in the geometry of wooden structures;
• Building formed qualified workers with a deviation from the technology entails a significant reduction in the performance of the house;
• Compared with stone houses, in frame houses a lower degree of soundproofing.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Also, among the disadvantages low heat capacity (heat storage capacity) frame walls.

Frame house with the heating turned off quickly cools. However, there is a way out - as the foundation, you can use warmed Swedish stove.

Read our article on the right cake framing walls.

Arbolit

Arbolit - a material of cement binder (concrete) and the organic fillers derived from wood processing waste.

Sometimes it called arbolit derevobetonom because the wall material has absorbed the advantages of both concrete and wood.

Arbolit has high insulation performance.

This is an environmentally friendly material that does not require additional insulation. He does not shrink, like wood does not rot and does not burn.

Wood-concrete walls "breathe" (water vapor permeability of wood-concrete walls more than 35%). Thereby adjust the level of humidity in the room. This provides good ventilation in the room.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Arbolit - old and, at the same time, undeservedly forgotten material. The attempts of its implementation were made in Soviet times.

However, the segment of individual low-rise housing in those days had not been developed, built, mainly panel high-rise buildings, and eventually arbolit gave way to other wall materials.

But now arbolit reborn.

After all, he is deprived of a number of the drawbacks of gas and foam concrete blocks, the material is light in relation to, and for the construction of the house does not require the construction of a strong foundation.

Also arbolit has high flexural strength and will not crack when shifting of sediment or foundation.

Arbolit well as wood, well-sawn, drilled in the wood-concrete wall easily hammered nails, and the material well-kept heavy objects without the use of special fasteners.

Among the shortcomings can be identified arbolita two: its high cost and the lack of the number of homes projects developed precisely for these blocks. Therefore, when choosing wood-concrete block (to avoid purchasing low-quality material broken geometry or strength characteristics), you must carefully consider the question of choice provider.

Read our article about the constructionHouse of arbolita.

On our portal will help you learn everything you need to know beginner karkasostroitelyu, which house choose a permanentUnderstand that it is better, gas silicate or aerated concrete. We will help you to choose the best material for the walls stone house and how to build house "for centuries".

Watch the video of the construction of the house wood-concrete blocks. And a look at our next video ad, you'll learn how to build their own in six months House of aerated concrete.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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