The floors on the ground. Features and benefits.

Strip foundation - one of the most common types of foundation for the house, but he is not without some shortcomings. If you forget to make a strip foundation produhi (or incorrectly calculate their cross-section), then over time it can lead to problems. Because of insufficient ventilation underground wooden logs are covered with fungus, mold and rot. Excess moisture in the base and leads to the destruction of the first floor floor concrete.

To avoid this, you can replace the traditional air holes in the closed ventilated underground. This was detailed in the article "Whether it is necessary in the basement produhi". But there is another option - to abandon the underground and build on the base of the strip foundation on the ground floor as advised FORUMHOUSE experts.

The floors on the ground: it isthis

This structure is a monolithic concrete foundation (mortar). Here floor device on the ground: the screed is poured inside perimeter strip foundation in well compacted soil, which is filled sinus foundation and a layer of insulation. Together with the concrete base can be mounted floor heating system. This design accumulates heat, it is therefore well suited as part of an energy-efficient home.

There are the following options on the ground floor:

•  On the prepared substrate (well compacted soil) is poured floor slab rigidly connected with the foundation tape;
• On the prepared base floor slab is poured, unrelated to the strip foundation, a so-called "floating" screeds.

Let us consider the pros and cons of these options.

Mihail1974 (FORUMHOUSE user):

- If you fill in a "floating" screed, by the same token "untied" belt design and the floor. If there is shrinkage, the floor screed design on the ground, "play", regardless of the foundation, cracks appear in the structure, as no stress. That's a plus. But there is a minus - design "live your life" separate from all other designs.

When pouring rigid structure node "foundation / screed" works as a single unit. The screed will not shrink because rests on a foundation. But if the ground is compacted well enough, it can prosest after a while, and tie "hang" in the air. Under a heavy load, if the screed are walls, partitions, the supporting elements, which may result in deformation of the base, fractures and loss of carrying capacity of the whole structure on a ground floor.

How to make the floor on the ground

Both versions ties have both pluses and minuses. What qualities are concrete floors of bulk ground is largely dependent on the quality of the bulk soil compaction and how to get the correct design.

Mihail1974(User FORUMHOUSE):

- When filling the "floating" screed assembly "of the foundation wall / screed" should really unleash, otherwise it may be pinched in the design ribbon frame. Those. floor inside the frame with respect to the belt must move freely, otherwise lost all sense of floating screed.

For this purpose, between the screed and the base (wall) is made of an elastic damper material, reducing its original shape after load removal - in this case it is appropriate to place izolon thickness 8-10 mm. This will allow the concrete screed is free to "float" and compensates for its thermal expansion.

A common mistake - to link all the nodes possible hard. As a result, there is an increased load designs. In the case of floating screed elements "sex" and "foundation" operate independently of each other.

Ground floor: the device.basic principles

An important rule: a well-prepared base - the key to a long life of the entire structure. Charging base (the best floor covering on the ground - it's sand) it is necessary to shed water and carefully ramming layers of 10-15 cm. To properly douplotnit base used filling crushed stone backfilling (gravel under floor sleduetulozhit coarse fraction).

Due filling rubble, when driving on it tamping occurs locally blow, resulting in the deep layers of soil douplotnenie lying at the lower levels. On the right technique of sand compaction should build up the attention.

kam711(User FORUMHOUSE):

- All instructions for the plate compactors written that plate Rams sand to a depth of 20-30 cm, but how well is sealed, this layer, I doubt that enough. Therefore, I believe that for reinsurance better ramming sand layers of about 10 cm.

It looks like this:

• Scatter sand bed of 10-15 cm;
• We pass through the sand vibratory plates "dry";
• Shed water from a hose sand. It is not necessary to do a jet of water so as not to break the layer and through the spray nozzle;

We need to shed water so that the sand was wet, but not oversaturated with moisture. If the amount of water is too large, the sand foundation of almost rammed.

• We pass on moist sand vibratory plates 2 times with the change of the orientation of motion;
• Shed the sand with water again;
• We pass on the moist sand vibratory plates 2-3 more times to change the orientation of the movement.

What kind of waterproofing lay on the floor on the ground

After careful substrate preparation proceed to laying hydro- vapor barrier, which protects the floor structure from moisture. People often ask whether it is necessary before laying this layer do footing. After fusing or adhesive waterproofing, to avoid damage to it, you must put on a smooth rigid base.

al185(User FORUMHOUSE):

- Do footing for laying the waterproofing layer is necessary with the pressure of groundwater. This is true for cellars. Simple version of the ground floor does not require anything other than a simple plastic film.

The film 150 microns thick deposited on the prepared substrate with overlaps of 15-20 cm with sizing binding seams. For insurance film can be laid in two layers.

As a heater can be used polystyrene PSB-25 (polystyrene) or extruded polystyrene. Recommended laid a layer of insulation thickness of at least 100 mm.

Foam, unlike Epps, afraid of direct contact with the cement-sand mortar. Therefore, polystyrene foam layer before laying the screed must be protected, placing on the surface, overlap, polyethylene film.

The next step: over the insulation, poured screed 50 mm thick. Reinforcing tie executed metal grid with 100x100 yacheoy and 3-4 mm diameter rod.

It is also necessary to properly insulate the foundation otmostku and divert water from the base.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of this design include:

• possibility devices for most soil types;
• because the foundation of a well-insulated, it is resistant to the forces of frost heave;
• less compared to conventional slab foundation, concrete consumption;
• "I did and forget" device according to the principle;
• It does not require additional thermal insulation engineering communications;
• bathed in the overlap is also a sub-floor of the first floor rooms, prepared for laying tile, flooring and other floor coverings;
• Simple floors on the ground eliminates the need to ventilate the underground space.

Among the main disadvantages are:

• in the construction of a high plinth is necessary to fill the strip foundation sinus large volume of soil, which leads to an increase in the cost of the works and the construction budget.

chicken-A(User FORUMHOUSE):

- I'm exploiting the floors on the ground for 7 years, and would not trade them for any other design. Thanks to them, in the house, supported by almost the entire winter zero temperature. It is only important to insulate the base and blind area.

On FORUMHOUSE you learn how to make a floor on the ground, You can read reviews of the owners such a construction. You can not calculate how much it is necessary to sand floor on the ground, and it allowed the high water table on the ground floor - you to help our full FAQ. Check out the photo report on karkasnika construction of the Finnish technology. And in our video reel reveals all the nuances of the device malozaglublonnogo strip foundation.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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