The roof of a frame house. General concepts.

The roof of a frame house. General concepts.

Frame house, as well as any other building, needs a reliable roof to protect them from any climatic changes. But, on the other hand, too much load on the power frame is contraindicated, since the walls have a limited bearing capacity. Therefore, the roof frame house should have a low weight. We should not forget the roof strength, ability to withstand any natural disaster. How you want to arrange the roof with frame construction, to keep it working properties?

rafters

Rafters - is located in the slope of the boards that hold the roof and provide structural rigidity.

Rafters are of two types:

— Hanging. These trusses are reliance on external walls of the house. The main advantage of this design - the ability to use the attic as a living room. The whole system hangs over the reference points. It has a considerable bursting effect. To the wall did not bursting used tight, most often it is a bar, which connects the rafters at the bottom. Such exposed rafters load as bending and compressive strength.
—

Naslonnye. Naslonnye rafters form conventional pitched roof. In contrast to the suspension, such rafters have a bearing not only on the exterior walls, but also on internal support. This design has several advantages, which allow the use of large spans due to the fact that part of the load is removed from the outer walls and inner walls is transmitted. Is unloaded outer walls is less than the load rests on the outer part of the foundation. Among the disadvantages of such an arrangement can only be called one - the inability to use the attic as a living room.

Elements of roof system

Construction of the roof has the following elements:

— Rafter (Another name - rafter foot). Is an inclined beam, which serves as the laying of roofing material support. Structurally, rafter mounted from the ridge to the bottom of the roof.
— mauerlat - most often made of timber, placed on the perimeter of the building. It serves as a support for the rafters. It is also called the upper strapping building.
— ridge run. The upper support for all trusses, made in the form of a horizontal girder, placed at the top of the roof.
— Rack. This support for a skate, it relies on the sill or floor.
— Sill. It has the form of a horizontal beam beneath the ridge pole. Is attached directly to the soffit or on a bearing wall. Lejeune serves as a support for the pillars, an additional task - to remove the load from the external walls.
— toke. This beam connects the different parts of mauerlat, serves to relieve Expander action. Together form a farm with truss system.
— truss. This system is exactly perpendicular to the axis of the roof, it combines the rafters, and the tightness of the reinforcing elements.
— strut. This is - an additional support, the load is removed from the rafters, attached to the bottom of the rack, it can be sleepers and connects to the top of the third rafter.
— Rigel. It is attached to the top of the rafters, joining the two legs of the upper part of the roof truss.
— Lathing. Stuffed with the outside for trusses and trusses cords for fastening roofing material.

In the next article we will talk about the calculation and production of roofing.