For more information about thermal bridges and how to resolve them. Linear and point thermal bridges.

Linear or spot cold bridge

Linear thermal bridges They have broken insulation layers. Mainly along the windows and balcony doors, in the places of their connection with the wall of the house, as well as a monolithic lintel in terms of structural elements.

Spot thermal bridges cause a variety of mounting on the outside of the house (suspension, anchor brackets). Such cold bridges are formed in places such as a place of mounting a television antenna or the place of fastening awnings or canopy.

This means that the outer insulation of the foundation plate to be connected with a continuous insulation wall layer. A floor insulation on the foundation must be connected to the supporting wall, which is usually characterized by better thermal insulation than the foundation. For walls of the first floor as the base material recommend the use of aerated concrete blocks density D400 or D500 (or ceramic, and sand-cement blocks), and as thermal insulation - one that is strong enough and has good insulating properties, e.g. penoplex or basalt insulation thickness 100-150 mm. In this case, the horizontal insulation is continuous, and not arise even the smallest cold bridge, which usually appears at the junction of the foundation and walls of the first floor.

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Strip foundation and walls of the first floor

In the case of single-leaf walls on the ground floor, as a rule, good insulation in the beginning, but the ratio between the thickness and the base should be carefully checked. Consequently, energy efficient building thickness of the outer wall of a house (300 mm) with a heat transfer coefficient of less than 0.20 W / m2 ° C, should be less than the total thickness and insulation of the foundation wall (wall foundation 240-300 mm + thermal insulation of expanded polystyrene or extruded expanded polystyrene, 100-150 mm = 340-450 mm). In this case the insulation of the foundation walls must perform additional protection against moisture and mechanical damage.

Warming of foundation

The foundation - a monolithic slab with insulation - is a common solution for energy-efficient homes. Especially when you need a floor heating or in areas of high groundwater level or unstable soil. In this case, the bottom plate is insulated over the whole area, extruded polystyrene Penoplex 150 mm or 100 mm and the inside plate tested floor heating pipes and communication. Reinforced sufficiently thick (200-250 mm thick), reinforced concrete slab with insulation sufficiently good option both structural and thermal insulation. Note that the insulation must be on the vertical walls of the base plate.

In the next article we will see exactly:
- Installation of windows without thermal bridges;
- Compound of the outer wall with the plane of the roof;

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