How to make a strip foundation for the house?

Construction of a residential home - it is extremely serious and responsible. On how to correct will be laid its foundation, it depends not only on the life of, but also the strength and reliability of erected on this foundation walls. Extremely important work should begin with obligatory carrying out geological exploration work. Only professionals can help pinpoint the level of underground water, type of soil, its resistance, the possible degree of frost on the land. Considering all of the identified features, you can begin to make a choice in favor of one of the most popular types of foundations: strip, bar or pole.

For more details about the types of foundations for country houses can be found in my article: 4 types of foundations. Which to choose?

So, how to make a strip foundation? This unique in its properties design is ideal for low wooden cottage, and for quite a large private residential buildings, under the first floor which is planned or capacious cellar basement. Before starting work, it should be noted that the foundation of this type is required to equip also under the internal partitions of the house. The depth of the trench depends on how the soil is frozen in winter. In any case, its depth should be 25-30 cm below freezing.

How to make a strip foundation, if the volume of work is large enough? Of course, it is possible for a long time to manually dig a trench. But to accelerate the preparatory work at the site is wiser to lease a mini-excavator. If you are not a professional builder, but you want to cope with laying the foundation of a country house, start this important work with the design. For any work necessary to start only when it is finally approved by the upcoming construction project and its location.

In the first stage, think about how to make a layout of the foundation. Subsequently, it will be very difficult to change anything. Marking the perimeter of the future building is made with wooden or metal stakes, as well as the usual rope or cord. As a material used for producing the formwork sheets of plywood, boards, slate. It is necessary to pre-purchase or use already available waterproofing materials. Bitumen roofing felt or polyethylene needed in order to reliably protect the erected structure from moisture.

In the next step the finished trench is filled with sand (300 mm), moistened with sufficient water and good ram. Top poured layer of gravel or crushed granite (150 mm), then the trench is filled with prepared cement mortar (simple words "footing") to 100 mm thick and allowed time to complete its hardening. It may take about a week, but it is better not to hurry up and wait for grabs solution. Reinforcement is performed in two directions by means of rods with a corrosion-resistant coating, interconnected binding wire. Used for reinforcement armature class AIII (reflennaya) as a main skeleton. The same fittings used AI (smooth) as manufacturing clamps that hold the reinforcing cage itself. The cross section of the reinforcement bars is calculated and selected designers.

More details can be found in my article about the reinforcement of the foundation: How and what to knit reinforcement correct?

We turn to the milestone - concreting of strip foundation. The two main ways.
First: When ready to bring a solution to a concrete plant, machinery mixers. With this method, concrete mixer unloaded directly into the formwork. If Mixer Truck drive has no way of directly to the formwork, concrete pump is used or trays.
Second: when the solution is manufactured directly at the construction site using a mixer. With this method it is very important to observe the correct proportion to the ratio: water, cement, sand, gravel! For each brand has its own proportion solution.

The final stage of work will be the implementation of waterproofing. The choice of material depends on the existing ground conditions. If you are going in the basement to organize the basement or cellar, additional insulation from moisture and exterior walls. This is easily accomplished by using roofing material and a polyethylene film. Careful adherence to the above advice, perseverance and patience is required to lead you to an excellent positive result. If you still do not believe in their own abilities, better charge arrangement of the foundation of his house experienced builders.

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