Ladder T- shaped with an intermediate platform

How to design and make in their home turns to 90º stairs with an intermediate platform? This issue is of concern to many who want to build their own cottage or house. By and large, nothing special arrangement of stairs and skilful person can make a metal, wood or combined stairways own easily. This article will be considered fundamentally important points and calculating device, and recommendations will be given the choice of building materials and decoration of the stairs. Suffice it to carefully examine the proposed lower material and succeed, your staircase will be comfortable and safe!

Justification ladder type selection

In the private house building today all the more widespread practice of construction of multi-level homes. Individual developers for the most part built house with two residential floors - complete first and second mansard. Naturally, the presence of two floors, it is necessary to think about how to move between them, the simplest of which is the ladder unit. The most effective and simple in design is the T- shaped stairs with an intermediate platform is rotated by 90º.

The main advantage of T- shaped stairs in front of other mnogomarshevymi stairs - is the simplicity of its design and thus the design. 90 ° rotating T- shaped stairs with an intermediate platform is much easier to use than odnomarshevye and spiral staircases. This is particularly relevant embodiment of that doorways leading to various areas of the house, located on the wall of the staircase position. In this case, the staircase, which are separated by an intermediate platform marches allows to arrange a passage under it in different rooms without changing the overall design and complex calculations.

Of course, the T- shaped staircase with intermediate platform has certain disadvantages. Primarily these include the considerable space required for its arrangement, which makes impossible to use it to save space in the house, such as in the case of screw stairs. To change the direction and angle of the march at the T- shaped stairs using intermediate area. Accordingly, the angle of inclination of the march depends on the height of the platform with respect to this floor.

This lack of T - shaped staircase is not essential and easily avoidable. For example, the site can be divided into two parts and use it instead of winders, which will greatly save valuable floor space. In addition, we must not forget that such niceties as saving space and decoration of stairs, are matters of the second plan. The first thing to remember is that the determining factors in the device stairs are its safety and ease of use. It is necessary to consider them in the first place in the preparation of the project.

Determine the type stairs, should think about the following questions:

• When the ladder should be ready to project?
• When it is required in the construction of the house?
• How the device should be taken into account when planning interfloor ladder at home?

Consider the answers to these questions.

Drawing up the project at home, taking into account the device interfloor ladder terms of drawing up a ladder project

There are three important factors that can not be ignored.

1. Installing stair staging area should be carried out simultaneously with the construction of walls. This is due to the fact that the landing, or more precisely - its metal frame must be fixed in the walls of buildings erected during the laying of bricks or blocks. This operation is carried out in the place where it will be installed playground. The recommended value of the carcass burial - no less than twenty centimeters. Next, it will examine how to do this, in the case where the ladder rests on three well-attached console.

It is necessary to frame staircases were equipped until the start of the finishing works. Otherwise, when attaching to the walls is broken the plaster layer and decorative trim, which then require recovery, which will lead to time losses and increased cost. Fixing frame, you need to leave between them and the wall for subsequent finishing. The magnitude of the gap depends on what material will be finishing the walls, its minimum value - five centimeters.

2. When the device of ladders and layout of premises, there is one very important point that needs to be taken into consideration: Steps to be comfortable, the angle of its inclination should be in the range of 35 ° - 40 ° (B exceptional cases to 42°). This value of the angle of inclination of the device tested in practice by numerous stairways by individual developers, erecting multi-level private home.

In addition to ease of movement of the stairs, the angle of inclination plays a part more to one factor - the economy of free space in the room where will be arranged in a staircase. These two factors make on the slope opposite demands. Sloping staircase with a small tilt angle value is more convenient to move on it, but takes up more space and vice versa.

Steep stairs with a large helix angle, takes up less space, but if you move the load increases significantly for her legs and becomes a very difficult descent face forward on a ladder, especially the stairs with a slope exceeding 45°.

To sum up everything stated in this paragraph, it should be said, in the development of planning interior home should pay attention the shape and dimensions of the room where the stairs will be installed, otherwise it may happen that it will have to go down on his back forward.

3. The third important factor is the cutting of floor slabs to connect the first and second floors of the house. It is necessary to calculate the size of the opening in such a way that it provides the optimum height in critical point rise, and to put it simply, it must be such that when moving the stairs from the first floor to the second, did not have to pull his shoulders, so as not to hit his head on overlap. There are a number of standard recommendations on the size of the opening of the ladder, but given the fact that in this case we are talking about an individual building, in which Each ladder can have their individual sizes, stairwell floor slabs should be done with the parameters obtained in the design of the staircase.

From the foregoing it should be a simple conclusion - the staircase project should be ready in advance, not at the time when it will be erected walls, and at the same time the project of the house itself, which is related to the fact that the stairs device should begin with walling.

Now, to understand what is required to take into account when designing for stairs between the floors turned on it convenient for the movement, and its unit is not caused a loss of working time and undue expenditure of funds, as an example, consider the device T - shaped rotatable on the intermediate ladder 90º platform. To begin, find out what you must do before you purchase building materials and begin the ladder device.

Installing stairs

‪1. The first thing to be determined with the choice of materials for a ladder device. In the present example will be considered combination ladder - baluster, and a main frame which are manufactured from metallic profiles and handrails, steps and trim are made of wood.

‪2. Project development ladder and carry out the necessary calculations.

On the first point is clear - the ladder with the device will be applied the combined building materials. Next, you need to carry out the calculation parameters and create ladder project. Then you need to consider options for the size of the premises. In the beginning - but not limited to the size of the opening, its length and width will depend only on whether the ladder is designed. Then you need to do the same action with space constraints.

Under the limitations of space meant the inability to make the size of the opening at to design the stairs, causing the count ladder sizes, given the limitations of aperture sizes. First we need to consider the size of interstorey opening. For a variety of reasons, they have certain limitations and can not be changed in a big way, so, counting the ladder will have to rely on these figures:

The height from the floor surface to the intermediate floor is 270 centimeters.

The thickness of the intermediate floors - 25 centimeters.

The room has 340 centimeters wide by 450 centimeters long.

There is another important factor - in some cases it is necessary to take into account also the thickness of the floor, due to the need of foundations under the stairs. In this case it is necessary to take into account during calculations that installing stair string will not start from the floor level, and the level of the weld metal support surface or foundation.

We should not forget that the ladder made of metal has a solid weight. To mount it directly on the floor can be used only if it is made of reinforced concrete slabs. In any other case, under the metal stairs need to perform a reliable support, in other words - to make the foundation.

We now turn to the most basic dimension, which still remained unaccounted for - the size, the exact length and width of the floor slabs. For the above dimensions, the maximum width interstorey aperture is 150 centimeters and the length of the opening is 300 centimeters.

Furthermore, constituting the ladder calculations must take into account the gap between it and the wall intended for finishing, which was mentioned above. For further calculation will take a minimum distance between the wall and the staircase is equal to five centimeters.

Now that all the specified reference values, it is time to take up the ladder calculation. Before you start it and make the ladder project, you need to draw a scale sketch of the premises, where the staircase will be installed, and run two versions of the ladder calculation.

In drawing up the calculation of T- shaped stairs will be explained as follows:

• What are the effects on the angle of inclination of the staircase opening dimensions intermediate floors;
• How are the sizes interstorey stairwells to achieve optimum parameters allows you to conveniently move between floors;
• How to calculate the T - shaped staircase, taking into account the space limitations;
• How to calculate the level of the intermediate platform device.

In addition, in the preparation of the calculation I will be able to:

• Available on the example with the basic rules for the calculation of the number of steps for each flight of stairs, and learn how to make a step ladder for comfortable movement (to choose the optimal width and height stages);
• Compare the results to help assess how well Implemented selection of this option, the stairs;
• Consider various options for the device D - shaped Saddle stairs and bowstrings, learn about the design of the different ladders of an execution option.

On these and other questions can find answers in the second part of the article "The device and the calculation of interfloor staircase of a private house. Ladder T- shaped with an intermediate platform».