How much heat we need?

In most parts of Russia heating season It begins long before the calendar winter. Heating in cold autumn include in September, at least if you believe the receipts Integral Clearing Center. In fact, with the advent of the column "heating" the rent grows almost twice... Therefore, it is very disappointing that, despite the fact that we pay a lot of money for heating, pipes barely warm. However, not always the reason poluholodnyh batteries - this dishonesty boiler and management companies. Quite often the fault of the old heating system of the house or even an apartment. So sometimes simple replacement of radiators in the apartment could lead to a marked improvement "Weather in the house". Consider what you need to know in order to properly arrange the heating system at home.

The first very important question - is how to calculate how much heat is needed to heat the room? In other words, how to understand, how much and what kind of radiators need for a certain amount of heated space. It is believed that the subject "standard conditions" for 1 m² must about 110 watts of heat. The "standard conditions" for the premises shall be considered: 1) presence of not more than one door and one window, though wooden, indoors; 2) ceiling height does not exceed 3 meters; 3) the standard medium temperature - 70 degrees. If your room does not fit the standard terms and conditions, it is necessary to calculate the coefficients based on relatively standard. For example, I want to calculate how much heat do I need for room heating, the area of ​​which is 30 m², with room 2 plastic windows, ceiling height of 3.5 meters, and the management company I will ensure that the temperature of the coolant will not below 90º.

• As you can see, the conditions are a little different from the standard, however, the first step, it is - the standard calculation: 110 Watts multiplied by 30 m² room and get 3300 watts.
• The second step, it should be noted that the two windows. The proposed increasing coefficient for second window - 1.7. Multiply 3300 watt 1.7 and get 5610 watts.
• However, both my windows - plastic, which means that they provide better protection against the cold and wind than wood windows. Therefore, for plastic windows used reduction ratio: 0.8-0.9. Multiply 5610 W 0.8 - get 4488 watts.
• Now we need to understand with the ceiling height. Once in my room ceiling above the standard - I need to calculate the multiplying factor. The coefficient relative to the height of the ceiling can be calculated by dividing the actual ceiling height (in my case - 3.5 m) for a standard ceiling height (in any case - 3 meters). Ratio of 1.17 is obtained. Now our previous result 4488 watts multiplied by the resulting factor of 1.17 - get rounded to the nearest integer, 5251 watts.
• The last stage - to deal with the water temperature. Standard temperature - 70º, I promise - 90º. Obviously, there must appear reduction factor. It is formed as follows: for every 10% increase in temperature, multiply the result by 15%. 90º - this increase in temperature by about 30% compared to 70º, therefore, must be multiplied by 15%, multiplied by 3, ie by 45%, in other words, the resulting reduction factor of 0.45. It turns out: 5251 W multiply by 0.45 - 2363 watts, rounded to integer.

At first glance, these unusual characteristics of the room require more heat than it assumes a standard, but stepwise calculation showed that if all the above conditions, the heat necessary to almost 1000 W less than with standard conditions. However, in fact, the characteristics of the room - this is only one side of the coin. The second side - it Operating efficiency radiator, and most importantly, the method of its installation. For example, favorite designers and planners radiator arrangement in a special niche leads to heat loss to 7%, and the standard position of the radiator under sill takes 3-4% of heat. In addition, an important role is played by way of connecting the pipes to the radiator. It is believed that if the coolant is supplied on the one hand from above and discharged from the same side from the bottom, the heat loss does not occur. There is also a way to increase the heat transfer: use Heat Reflector. In this case, the heat transfer coefficient increased to 10%.

After the calculation has been made of heat to be safe, it is necessary to add to the result of about 20%, which should cover a bad installation or location of the radiators. In the case of my room it turned out 2835 watts, which can be rounded up to 3 kW.

Now we count how many and what kind of radiators need to provide heat. Most modern radiators are for each section, so their specifications indicate the heat generated by one section. For example, unit standard iron radiator provides 123 watts, a section of the bimetallic radiator - of about 195 W, and the steel panel radiator gives the order of 1 kW of heat. So, to heat said room, it is necessary either steel panel radiator 3, or 2 vosmisektsionnyh bimetallic radiator or 3 vosmisektsionnyh iron radiator.

but heat calculation - this is only the first step the choice of radiators, radiator to choose correctly, you should also familiarize yourself with the most important characteristic of the pressure in the system. You can request this feature from your service provider, or if you have a stand-alone system, make measurements using appropriate equipment. From the side of the radiator, you need to see what is their maximum working pressure. The final step and become an important criterion for evaluating the cost estimates, as different types of radiators are quite different in price.