Basic methods for testing concrete for strength

The strength of concrete is one of its most important characteristics. To create concrete structures, lay foundations, erect structures, the strength factor must comply with the prescribed building codes. In order to check the strength, two types of tests are used: destructive tests carried out in laboratories, and non-destructive tests carried out at the construction site.

Destructive methods described in detail and regulated by GOST 10180-2012 “Concrete. Methods for Determining Strength Using Control Samples ”.

Destructive methods are carried out in laboratory conditions. For this, samples are provided - a sawn off part of a finished concrete structure of the required size and shape. From which part to cut the element is decided after inspection. The element is cut at some distance from the joints and corners, it should not include reinforcing parts. The samples are subjected to mechanical stress with a special press, increasing the force of pressure. The test continues until failure of the concrete element is observed.

Non-destructive testing are more affordable and affordable. They are carried out at the construction site of the concrete structure. With the help of special tools, the concrete is examined for separation and the level of load required for concrete destruction is measured.

There are several types of non-destructive methods for determining strength:

Plastic deformation. Strength is measured 5-50 MPa. A metal ball is released under pressure into a concrete structure. The values ​​of the impact force and the size of the print from the ball are measured. The measurement accuracy is low.

Elastic rebound. A special percussion instrument is used for research. The rebound force is measured. The accuracy of the readings is high and the test is economical.

Impulse shock method. One of the most common among builders. The impact force and the rebound force of a tool with an elastic surface when exposed to the concrete surface are measured.

Ultrasound procedure. Using a special device, the strength of the structure is checked.

"Chipping an edge". A very accurate method. The force required to chip a rib of a concrete structure is measured.

Breakaway with a chip. The method is laborious, but the indicators are highly accurate. A special metal anchor is embedded deep into the concrete and acts on it until a part of the concrete breaks off.

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