How to properly preserve unfinished for the winter Part 2: basement, walls

IN first part we looked at how to prepare shallow and deep foundations for winter. We move on and move on to the basements and walls, and also figure out what can happen with the already finished box at the MLF. Don't forget to like and subscribe to the channel!

As we said in the first part, the main principle of preservation of unfinished construction is to prevent the building structures from getting wet and prevent the foundation from freezing.

Basement

Many, when preserving the basement, make a warm blind area and cover the horizontal surfaces of the foundation and walls with a film. But this is not enough, since the unfinished felling is, in fact, a bowl, in which water will surely accumulate during rain or melting snow. Water will penetrate under the base and, with good frosts, the forces of frost heaving will damage the structure.

But even with a dry winter, it is categorically impossible to allow frosty air to the foundation. The soil will freeze even through the basement walls, which will also lead to the effect of frost heaving on the structure.

What should be done

The bowl must be closed before the onset of cold weather. To do this, you need to install an overlap and insulate it. The overlap should protect the structure from the ingress of precipitation, and the insulation will help keep the heat that rises from the ground at the building point.

If a slab floor is provided in the project, it must be installed and additionally insulated from above. Styrofoam, straw, mineral wool, and other thermal insulation are suitable as insulation. From above, the structure must be covered with a durable waterproofing material.

In other cases, an unfinished basement can be covered with a dense waterproofing material (tarpaulin). Insulation inside can be done along the bottom of the basement. Outside the structure, an insulated blind area and a base must be present. Such a set of measures will allow the basement to withstand the most severe frosts without any problems.

Walls

In the walls, it is absolutely impossible to allow waterlogging of the upper rows of masonry and wetting of the lower rows. If the upper rows get wet directly during precipitation or when snow melts, the lower rows form a kind of “trough” where water accumulates. This is the main danger to the structure.

We remind you: all wall materials with voids, as well as cellular concrete, can absorb and accumulate moisture. In frosty conditions, this will lead to partial destruction of the wall. For example, porous (warm) ceramics can accumulate water in voids, which, turning into ice, will simply destroy the material. With cellular concretes, such a clear destruction does not occur, but the block still deteriorates - a gradual stratification of the porous structure occurs.

What should be done

To protect the wall material, it is necessary to cover the upper edges and sub-window areas of the masonry, as well as the upper edge of the mounted panels with drainage materials. Roofing material, plastic wrap, plastic aprons are suitable.

Protruding cornices and other elements of the facade, areas above the canopies and blind area, under-window areas on both sides of the window block to the implementation of design waterproofing or the installation of design coatings must be protected from systematic exposure to liquid moisture. Recommended protection is the creation of covers and aprons from plastic wrap.

The floor inside the house must also be protected from moisture and additionally insulated. Straw mats or styrofoam are suitable as insulation. A strong plastic wrap should be laid on top of the insulation. The edges of the film must be brought onto the wall, to a height of at least 300 mm - this will protect the lower rows from getting wet. In order for the film to adhere securely to the walls, it must be sprinkled with soil.

If the unfinished winters without a roof, snow will surely accumulate in the box. It needs to be cleaned regularly. Snow masses inside the box must not be allowed to melt.

What you need to know when building a house at the MLF

Houses on shallow foundations are not recommended to be turned into long-term construction projects, and if the construction is delayed for several years, it is necessary to take conservation measures. The main need is to create an insulated blind area and a drainage system. And they are needed not even for frost, but, on the contrary, for thaws.

The fact is that shallow foundations for residential buildings are designed for the fact that heating will work in the room and the soil under the base will not freeze. When there is no heating in the house yet, the soil will naturally freeze under the building. This is especially dangerous in snowless frosty winters.

In the spring, the soil thaws and he does it under a house with a shallow foundation unevenly. The reason for this is melt water and liquid precipitation, which, falling under the foundation, thaw the soil around the perimeter.

This leads to the fact that the soil under the edges of the building is saturated with moisture and loses its bearing capacity. And under the house remains a hard core of frozen soil. It turns out that the house hangs on this core for some time, in connection with which the base deforms and cracks in the walls.

How did you prepare unfinished for winter? Write in the comments!

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