A completely new type of superconductivity has been discovered

A scientific team from Japan has experimentally recorded a smooth transition between two different types of superconductivity, which had previously been recognized as completely incompatible. And this transitional phase is a previously unknown type of superconductivity.

How a new state of superconductivity was discovered

The effect of superconductivity is manifested in materials that have previously been subjected to extreme cooling. In this state, the conductors have zero resistance, which makes it possible to transmit electricity without any losses at all.

Before the discovery of Japanese scientists, there were two types of superconductivity, which were still considered completely independent of each other, namely:

The first variant of superconductivity is the so-called Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state. With this type, the atoms inside the conductor are decelerated as much as possible and line up in a chain, which makes it possible for electrons to pass without loss.

The second variant of superconductivity is the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). This is the so-called fifth state of matter, which is formed when cooled atoms almost completely stop moving.

As the head of scientific work K. Okazaki (associate professor of the Institute of Solid State Physics), they managed to experimentally observe the Bose-Einstein condensate, then there is an absolutely new state of matter and its uniqueness in that this state is caused not by particles, but waves.

So, as it gradually cools down to almost absolute zero, the particles seem to "blur" in space. Moreover, this process is gaining momentum until the atoms, which become more like waves, do not provide such an overlap that they are practically indistinguishable.

At the same time, the matter formed in this way exhibits superconductivity properties with new properties.

These properties began to manifest themselves in a series of regular experiments, when scientists began to cool the material created on the basis of metals such as iron and selenium.

And thanks to the use of ultrasensitive equipment and a special algorithm, it was possible to capture all the transition phases from BCS to KBE and to establish that the considered two regimes are just different manifestations of a single phenomenon of superconductivity, and not its different forms, as was considered earlier.

The scientists shared the results of the work done on the pages of the journal Science Advances.

What this unique discovery gives

Scientific research and the discovery of an absolutely new type of BEC superconductivity is only one of the stages on the way to the formation of a general (global) theory of superconductivity.

After all, its development will allow in the future to create superconductors at more acceptable temperatures.

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