Warming bar-shaped house with rock wool
Often dream of building full of wood, for example, bar-shaped house, run into the harsh reality of our country inherent in adverse climatic conditions. Harsh winters, extreme cold, rainy autumn and spring are forced to look for ways to insulate and protect the front of the wooden house from the rain.
Construction experience shows that the wall was built of timber section 150x150 or 200x200 mm, according to the norms of the thermal resistance is insufficient for living. House with walls of this thickness can be viewed only as a structure for the seasonal "suburban" residence (do not take into account the South of Russia). Therefore, developers are looking for ways to warm wooden house continue to save on heating.
In connection with this interesting experience of the user with the nickname FORUMHOUSE ZlojGenij insulation bar-shaped house with rock wool and further finishing metal siding facade.
In this article you will learn:
- What you need to insulate wooden house.
- How to perform a calculation of the walls Thermal bar-shaped house.
- What insulating material necessary to insulate the house from a bar.
- Why can not insulate wooden house paroneprozrachnym material.
- What are the features of ventilated facades.
Why do I need extra warm wooden house
Wood, along with the usual full-bodied ceramic brick, is considered to be civil and versatile material. It is difficult to find a house, even a stone, which would not have been used timber. This is facilitated by the widespread and relative (depending on region of residence) the availability of wood.
But the person who decided to build a house from a bar to permanent residence, you should prepare for the fact that it is necessary to further insulate.
ZlojGenij (User FORUMHOUSE):
I have built a house of lumber size on the perimeter 8600h8600 mm. On the walls went sawn timber 150x150 mm. The house was built just below the additionalwarmingand an outer cladding, since insulation - for Russia a necessary thing, and I want to live in a comfortable environment as well as save on heating.
Add that user's region of residence - Perm. The house is still began to build in 2009. In 2012, we stopped at the 1st floor, and in 2015 - on the 2nd. Those. The situation is familiar to many independent developers that are built in stages, depending on the cash flow.
During these years, had to caulk twice on the first floor, and one time - the second. According to ZlojGenij, he realized that postponing insulation and finish at home any longer, when the rainy autumn of one of the inner walls of the house began to drain away water droplets.
ZlojGenij:
This happened due to the fact that for two days the wall horizontal rain lashed. Trouble can be avoided during the construction of "box" to remove the top edge of a plane timber. Thus, outside the upper timber will overhang the bottom, and the water will not get into the house, flowing down along the wall.
However, this half-measures. Therefore, in 2015, the user sat down to plan the development of insulation. The challenge was to bring the thermal resistance of the walls to the rated value, so - selectoptimal thickness and economically sound insulation.
Thermal calculation of the wall bar-shaped house
Looking ahead, we say that ZlojGenij considered sufficient to bring the heat transfer coefficient of resistance of the walls to a value of 3.4 (m² * ° C) / W (for Perm, the new SNP required R-value should be 3.64 (M² * ° C) / W). For this purpose, timber 15 cm thick in user has decided to warm stone wool with a thickness of 10 cm.
For clarity, a simplified proizvedom Thermal calculation and find out what thickness of insulation required wooden house, built of timber, sawn pine or spruce, for Moscow area.
So Asking the original values:
- Thickness of log walls - 150 mm.
- Thermal conductivity coefficient of pine or spruce crosswise 0.14 W / fibers (m · ° C) (operating conditions A - "normal").
- Required thermal resistance for California - 3.28 (m² * ° C) / W.
Important nuances in the tables for the thermal conductivity of wood is indicated in two directions - along the fibers (the length of the beam) and across the fibers. Thermal conductivity coefficient of pine / spruce fibers along almost 2 times higher than that across (0.29 W / (m · ° C), against 0.14 W / (m · ° C)). This must be taken into account when calculating, because the smaller the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material, the warmer wall.
In addition, the thermal conductivity of the wooden wall affects the amount of moisture contained in the material. Wood has a natural moisture due to its structure. In freshly sawn wood per cent more moisture than dried. Also remember that the wooden walls of the house exploitation are constantly exposed to the negative impact of adverse weather phenomena - rain and snow. Means - decreases the thermal resistance of the walls.
Moreover, fluctuations of the thermal conductivity of wood occur seasonally. For example, autumn long rains will lead to additional moisture saturation unprotected walls of bar-shaped house, which directly affects the insulating properties of the enclosing structure.
Output: Require additional insulation and protection of the wooden walls of the weather conditions. For comparison, we present the thermal conductivities of pine / spruce fibers across three states: (1) dry, (2) normal operation (we use them to calculate), (3) moisture saturation in able to:
- 0.09 W / (m · ° C).
- 0.14 W / (m · ° C).
- 0.18 W / (m · ° C).
Thermal perform the calculation according to the formula:
R = d / λ, where:
- d - the thickness of the material;
- λ - thermal conduction coefficient of the material.
we find:
Rf = 0.15 / 0.14 = 1,071 (m² * ° C) / W
Recall that the required resistance to heat transfer to the Moscow area is 3.28 (m² * ° C) / W.
Now we find the difference between the actual (Rf) and normalized (RH) values of thermal resistance bar-shaped house.
Rt = 3.28 - 1.071 = 2.209 (m² * ° C) / W
Those. lumber "cold" walls do not reach the standards for the above value of the found values. There are two ways out of this situation: do nothing and just pay more for heating, is actually throwing away money on the street, especially in the absence of mains gas. The second - to insulate the walls and mount hinged ventilated facade.
What material is necessary to insulate wooden house
Before we calculate the required thickness of the insulation, the insulation will focus on the features of a wooden house.
Wood is vapor-permeable material. Due to the difference between the internal and external pressure caused by the temperature difference between the outside cold air temperature inside the heated space (especially in winter), water vapor from home will rush out through the walls.
Do not confuse this phenomenon with the mythical "breathing" windswept walls.
If the outside of the wooden house insulated paroneprozrachnym material (eg, Epps, extruded polystyrene), or, as some "Experts" - the house is wrapped outside of the installation of siding, foiled izolona (foil excellent paroizolyator), the output is a bunch of problems. The main of which: otsyrevanie wood walls, as moisture can not escape, uporshis to the outside vapor barrier layer further decay and destruction of the wood, the appearance of mold and mildew within premises.
What is the feature of ventilated facades
The second important point is not enough just to insulate a house made of logs with rock wool. It is necessary to provide ventilation, due to which steam is caught internally in the insulation will be removed, passing through the vapor-permeable membrane vlagovetrozaschitnuyu (produced water couples on the "street", but producing no atmospheric moisture on the outside get into the mineral wool, as water vapor molecules and water have a different size), which should protect the insulation from outside. For this purpose, mounted hinged facade, for example, siding, or imitation lumber and necessarily arranged ventilation gap of about 40-50 mm. Thus, moisture erode except this membrane protects the insulation against wind and removal of particulate material and also prevents the blowing walls.
If you attach siding close to a heater, the excess moisture can not in a timely manner to leave the walls of the pie, which eventually lead to the need for costly repairs of the whole structure.
Now we produce and find the final calculation of the mineral wool insulation thickness, by which the difference between the actual offset and normalized thermal resistance.
Take the formula:
d = Rt * λ, where:
- d - the thickness of the insulation;
- Rt - resistance to heat;
- λ - thermal conductivity of the insulation.
For insulating walls using stone wool density about 60-80 kg / m3. (Thermal conductivity of 0.040 - 0.042 W / (m · ° C), operating conditions A "normal"). The lower the density of insulation (materials), so it is "warm", but used for thermal insulation of external walls, a hinged facade, stone wool density is too low, too, not worth it. With material inconvenient to work, and he does not hold on the suspension.
More expensive and hard mineral wool insulation with a density of 130 - 180 kg / m3, with a higher coefficient of thermal conductivity is used for thermal insulation on Technology "wet facade". Those. We find a "middle ground" between the thermal characteristics and economic feasibility.
So:
d = 2.209 * 0.042 = 0.092 m
We translate in cm and rounded to integer values (given the nomenclature thicknesses manufactured insulation), and obtain the required heat insulating layer having a thickness of 10 cm.
So, for insulating bar-shaped house in the Moscow region is needed to mount on the wall of stone wool thickness of 100 mm.
At the end of the first part of the article we will talk about the user experience after it is insulated lumber house.
ZlojGenij:
Of course, the square log wall thickness of only 15 cm - it is very little for the Perm region. This year the winter was colder than the previous one, but the gas for heating, after I warm the house, spent less. My observations: if earlier, before the insulation, at minus 40 degrees outside wall temperature does not exceed +18 ° C, while maintaining the house + 24 ° C, the After warming to sink had smaller I reduced and the coolant temperature from the previous 75 degrees (cold) to 60 ° C, and the wall temperature inside was 22 ° C. In summer, the house also has improved microclimate, and the walls are less heat from the sun.
On the technical nuances of stone wool insulation bar-shaped house and features metal siding installation we describe in the second part of the article. Look for updates on our site!
From the following link, you can see the theme ZlojGenij"Warming of the house from a bar with basalt and metal siding". Also recommend that you read the article, which describes, Profiled than dry timber differs from the usual, how to calculate the necessary wall thickness chopped a log home, and how to choose the wood to build a house depending on its breed.
In our video scripts are displayed secrets of chopped fabulous bath and explains How to Fix "shoals" builders made during the assembly of bar-shaped house.
Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.
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