Water analysis and the choice of water treatment equipment

Rare owner suburban area is not concerned with the problem of setting the correct water treatment system on the site. This conclusion can be done by observing the activity of users in thematic sections of our portal. But that means - "the correct systems"? How to determine the level of compliance of the equipment chosen its intended purpose? We will try to answer these questions.

To begin with a brief that helps turn a dubious content supply source in the present drinking water:

• Reliable information on the composition of the water in the water supply source, obtained by appropriate analysis.
• The presence of the water treatment plant, which is able to deal effectively with all the impurities found in the source.
• Timely service of water treatment equipment, as well as a sound approach to its selection and use.

It is no coincidence analysis of water mentioned contact point of the first, because it is based on an analysis created in the house suitable water treatment system. Therefore, it is very important, performing analysis of water and engaged in the selection of water treatment equipment, do not make mistakes.

Mistakes made when creating a water treatment system

Thinking through the water treatment system for their own homes (apartments), people make three common mistakes. They can nullify the results of the work done and make unjustified all costs incurred.

Error first - water treatment equipment is selected correctly. This occurs when the water analysis is not performed at all, or if the results are not taken into account.

Second error - "blind" trust to advertising appeals. As a result, people buy water treatment system that can supposedly clean water from all the existing impurities, and after (if the "hand reach") is carried out water analysis.

Error third - water consumers trust the analysis involved in water treatment organization, production water treatment equipment or even incompetent professionals.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Karpuhin (Deputy head Analytical Center MSU):

Filter manufacturers and companies involved in installing water treatment systems, unfortunately, are not always objective. In our practice, quite often there are cases of falsification of the results of chemical analysis of water in order to sell expensive, it is not necessary filters and settings. Also, with few exceptions, the laboratory of these companies did not pass certification and accreditation, and by definition, can not get reliable results.

To a question about the consequences of the wrong choice of water purification plant, we will be back. And now let's talk about the analysis of water species.

The correct approach to the analysis of water

Users of our portal, which are used to do everything with their own hands, often explore the water on their own, that is, at home. The availability of all kinds of tests and kits for home analysis allows everybody to perform any number of such procedures.

Making it possible and even necessary, but only in order to monitor the effectiveness of the already functioning water treatment system.

If you plan to install the water treatment system, it is only a laboratory analysis will help to pick up all the necessary equipment for it properly.

Nikolasd (User FORUMHOUSE):

I will not be original if I say that the very first analysis should be done in the laboratory - by the maximum possible amount of pollution. Based on this analysis, you need to select indicators exceeding standards, then it is possible to collect a system capable of purifying precisely the pollution that go beyond SanPiN (MPC). Sets for subsequent testing of the water should be purchased only by these contaminants.

There are three categories of indicators, which are determined in the course of such investigations:

1. Mandatory indicators.

2. Additional indicators.

3. Microbiological indicators.

Total water state is determined by the following characteristics:

• Organoleptic characteristics - recognized by the human senses. Checking the organoleptic characteristics (color, odor, taste, etc.) is carried out by comparing the analyzed samples with standard samples. Analysis is carried out using the respective tables, scales and other comparative tool.
• Chemical characteristics - percentage of heavy metals, nitrates, pesticides, phenols, carcinogenic compounds, etc... The chemical characteristics can also be attributed degrees of hardness, water alkalinity and acidity.
• hydrogen sulfide content in the samples.
• The level of water treatment of side-products (chlorine compounds, silver, etc...) - important for water coming into the house from municipal water systems.
• Microbiological characteristics - reflect the quantitative content of microorganisms in the samples.

Space for research enough. And if you do not have experience in dealing with issues related to the definition of the composition of the water, the better to turn for help to a specialist organization.

timspb (User FORUMHOUSE):

At one time (2-3 years ago), I took a sample of your water in the village, drove to the lab and gave them into the analysis. The guys picked up the appropriate filters for water, which I use, changing once a year.

The concept of drinking water and the characteristics of its determining

Called drinking water meets the requirements of the updated version of the sanitary norms SanPiN. In short, drinking water - is water, which is a high-quality standards and in the use does not harm the body.

As world practice shows, no natural source (whether it is well, well, river or other natural pond) can not contain the water, which would correspond to the characteristics of the approved health requirements.

For example, consider the authoritative statistics.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Karpuhin (Deputy head Analytical Center MSU):

In Moscow and the Moscow region the situation with the content of impurities in the sources of decentralized water supply is as follows: almost universally increased total hardness is observed. The wells can be often found exceeding the standards of fluorides content, lithium, boron, silicon and some heavy metals. The water wells are often found excess permanganate oxidation performance, color, turbidity, content of nitrates, phosphates, nitrites sometimes. In general, water wells are more prone to anthropogenic pollution and require more careful monitoring.

But the most striking results are obtained analysis of the iron content in water samples: In the middle band of the RF level throughout this element (with very rare exceptions) exceeds the maximum permissible concentration. Conclusions - are obvious. Is not it?

But what we know about the impact of such contaminants in the human body:

• elevated levels of iron in water may provoke infarction, liver disease and reproductive disorders;
• Manganese - accumulate in the body, inhibits the activity of the central nervous system;
• Aluminum - impairs the liver and kidneys, and also leads to neurological diseases;

• Heavy metals - accumulate in the body and have a negative impact on all the organs and systems;
• Nitrates are found in large quantities in the country sources, lead to serious diseases (including oncological).

We all know that the enemy needs to know in person, but the most important thing - it's time to detect its presence.

Water, which at first glance seems to be crystal clear, is not always suitable even for domestic use, not to mention the fact that it was possible to recognize her drinking. After all, despite the seeming perfection in its composition may be present almost "the whole periodic table."

Selection of water treatment systems for drinking water

As we have seen, the choice of water treatment equipment should be based on the results of full-scale analysis of water at the source, ie the concentration of certain pollutants.

Such prioritization is quite justified. After all, the ideal filter, which could be equally effective to rid the water of all the existing impurities, retaining compounds useful for the body, does not exist in principle. Even the reverse osmosis filter that is highly effective, unable to cope with such a task.

Karpuhin Mikhail Mikhailovich:

Osmosis can be regarded as a universal filter. However, as a result of its use we get distilled water, completely devoid of minerals (both harmful and beneficial to health). Reverse osmosis is advisable to use only in exceptional cases: in the presence of water, a large amount of anions (phosphates, nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, etc.), hazardous organics (benzopyrene, mineral oil, formaldehyde, etc.) and heavy metals (mercury, lead and etc.).

In other words, when using a reverse osmosis water treatment system filter would require additional steps, saturating the water with mineral salts. Otherwise drinking such water would be very difficult to call. Washing out the calcium and other beneficial minerals from the body, this water can have a negative impact on your health.

Karpuhin Mikhail Mikhailovich:

If it is decided to install a reverse osmosis system, the filter is placed under the sink - to receive a small amount of drinking water. But the use of such water should be cautious: the cases of osteoporosis were in our practice and dental tissue disorders structure after use of reverse osmosis filters for a long time.

water treatment methods (as well as the filters themselves) in each case will have significant differences. The best results are observed when using incremental cleaning systems (where each unit corresponds to the water treatment plant for the removal of certain impurities).

The choice of water treatment equipment "at random", as a rule, does not give a positive effect, but can lead to negative consequences from the failure of expensive household appliances to chronic or acute intoxication body.

The household water treatment system is adopted to establish the following types of filter elements:

Water softener sample purification installation of cation used in the domestic environment (ion exchange filters). They are compact, easy to install and after the development of the resource easily recovery (regeneration). Regeneration of ion-exchange filters is performed by the saturation content of specially selected chemical solutions.

Ion-exchange installation have a high enough value, so we offer you a budget option for water softening.

Kilby (User FORUMHOUSE):

From the well pump fill storage tank (e.g. 1,000 liters) in 4/5 volume (800 liters). In this capacity add 2-3 tablespoons of lime or soda ash. Lime and soda ash is best administered in the form of a solution or suspension (milk). Water becomes cloudy after addition of reagents, after which the precipitate of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. It is advisable to let the water stand (make these manipulations before bedtime, ie at night). The residual stiffness can be at the level of 1-2 meq / l. Further, ordinary household water pump station can from this tank through the filter 10 micron katridzhny fed in!

To remove nitrates and sulphates are also suitable ion exchange filters. They use a special filler based on selective to these compounds gum.

In practicing such a method of cleaning, accurately calculate the frequency of filter regeneration is necessary. This will prevent slippage (or reset) of pollutants in the water main.

In order to purify the water from iron, it is necessary to find out what form this element is present in your source.

Rusakov (DenisPolzovatel FORUMHOUSE):

It depends what kind of hardware in question: ferrous remove difficult - you need an oxidizer, ferric - you can remove the ordinary mechanics. In use the cartridge 10 itself inches with a capacity of 25 liters per minute instead of a mechanical filter.

Under oxidizing agent to be understood column aeration (oxygenation unit) complete with filter obezzhelezivateli allowing simultaneously deliver water from manganese, hydrogen sulfide and many organic compounds.

If the microbiological analysis of water your source turned out to be positive, then the situation can be corrected by applying a UV purifier.

Very high efficiency in the fight against a wide range of pollutants show carbon filters. Their purpose may vary depending on the filler used. Therefore, the carbon filter should be selected on the basis of reliable information about existing impurities.

And finally, a mechanical filter - indispensable in the water treatment time element. Its purpose is clear to everyone, and it is used in nearly every water treatment system.

Of course, that is not necessarily a complete treatment system all the above modules. As we already mentioned, detailed analysis of water It will show in what your installation needs, and how to reduce its cost.

By the way, the higher the bandwidth of the filter elements, the higher the price for them. Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary costs, we can go to the trick.

mf_ (User FORUMHOUSE):

The most correct solution is to use less productive system storage capacity and the second lift pump.

discuss problems of operation of water treatment systems you can in a special section FORUMHOUSE. And to learn more about Rules for the centralized water supply in country houses You can read the article, sanctifying this issue from different angles. If you want to find the right the way to the choice of water treatment equipment on the basis of the available water tests, Take part in discussions on this issue. Videos about how to mount the water supply system in an apartment, Will be a unique tool for those who want to have in their home utilities that meet the modern requirements.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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