House of claydite-concrete monolith: How to build a warm and forever in one go

Features of the material and a description of the construction of monolithic energy-efficient homes

Subject monolithic housing has already been presented to the articles of the portal permanent shuttering and monolithic foam. Both technologies require reinforcement walling. But it is possible to do without reinforcement in the walls, Laying nets only on the perimeter, if used in expanded clay as a wall material. So did one of the participants Forumhouse, consider what he got.

Lightweight concrete with porous aggregates

Claydite - a type of lightweight concrete with porous aggregates, characterized by a lower density, mass and thermal conductivity than heavy concretes. Normal, heavy concrete - a mixture of binder (cement) and aggregate (sand) in specific proportions, mixing with water with or without added modifiers them.

The lightweight aggregate, in addition to cement and sand, still a large proportion of expanded clay, depending on the category, expanded clay may substitute the sand completely.

Claydite actively used in the construction industry of the Soviet Union for nearly half a century, so its worth as a decent material proved both in theory and in practice. As aerated concrete, it is divided into three categories:

• Insulating - thermal conductivity of about 0.2 W / (m * C), density 500 kg / m³, just insulation and sound insulation constructions. As an option - filling walling in tandem with an RC frame.
• Heat-insulating structural-- thermal conduction coefficient - about 0.5 W / (m * C), density - from 900 to 1200 kg / m³, marks M50, M75. For insulation and construction of partitions and walling.
• Constructional - thermal conduction coefficient - 0.5-0.7 W / (m * C), density - 1500-1800 kg / m³, stamps from M100 to M300. For the construction of load-bearing structures.

In the private sector demand construction lightweight aggregate blocks and filling the solution into the mold, usually a removable, since such a monolith additional insulation is required.

Monolith of lightweight expanded clay

xanchez

Member FORUMHOUSE

By education and my wife builders, so it sold "kopeck piece" is not sunk into oblivion cuckoo, not responding, and my little carpentry Workshop in many respects set "style" was still the future of the house - a lot of wood (windows, ceilings, floors, stairs), almost all of larch. Money was a little, but the result is kind of like not bad.

For the base of the project have published in one of the specialized journals, in the course of fitting it has undergone minor changes.

Fundam TISE - bored piles 250 mm in diameter, at a depth of 1.7 meters extension of the sole 600 mm as foundation "walks" in the average of 5 cm, a blind area is made sliding, with a minimum clearance. Wall thickness - 400 mm, partition thickness - 120 mm.

The proportions of the solution of preparation technology, formwork, pouring

Cement without sand is prone to the formation of microcracks weakens the excessive amount of sand mortar. As a result of experimentation with proportions xanchez I choose the best for their goals components ratio.

• Cement - Part 1.
• Sand - 1 part.
• Expanded clay fraction 10-20 mm - 10 to 12 parts.

Conventional concrete mixer, about 80 liters of expanded clay, the optimum angle of rotation about the axis of 45⁰, the first poured concrete block, while rotating added sand and cement, water immediately. Its number of craftsman determined "by eye".

xanchez

It is important to choose the right amount of water, expanded clay in the mill should be "glazed" cement-sand milk, but the water should not go out of it. After the first mixing said water and added similar only if the rainfall, corrected. No PVA, liquid soap or finished chemistry did not add how many years worth, no cracks.

Mix Cycle - 10-15 minutes, the solution can be determined readiness and color - it initially red, like expanded clay, but gradually turns gray. Once reddishnesses longer discerned, the solution is ready. Since the complete agitator was run poorly, it did not stop between cycles, but only washed with water. The shift by two persons was prepared and poured about 3 m³ solution, the specific time-consuming batch transportation trolley in the garden.

formwork xanchez I collected from waterproof plywood (PSF), 10 mm in thickness, size - 750 × 3000 mm, the board 180 × 40 mm as stiffeners. Fixed clamps and ties, originally planned to strap a film for waterproofing, but then cost an expensive but effective paint from priming (on all sides). The protective layer passed all the tests, but if there is a financial opportunity, you can buy laminated plywood. Already in the course of the discussion topics loomed scheme lightweight formwork plywood 8-10 mm thick, but with the ribs of her same.

To achieve the maximum flat walls (deviation turned out not more than 3 mm over the entire plane), first laid "stolbushki" strictly vertically. Their only purpose - to provide horizontal formwork, in a seismically safe regions additional support keramsit monolith Not needed.

xanchez

Stolbushki lecturing at the corners and along the perimeter of filled walls with step two meters and a half from cheap bricks and have them pressed form panels.

Craftsman noted that instead of brick cost to use pre-cast from a solution of the same blocks.

In constructions of this type requires the concrete Laying nets on each floor, a width of the third portion of the wall, xanchez podgadat so that he also served as bridges for windows. Laying nets height was 150 mm, 10-12 mm diameter rebar, one bar on the bottom, the second - on top. For interior doorways poured concrete bridge in the width of the wall, it will complicate the plaster, so recommends pouring the concrete core and a small layer keramsit the edges (simultaneously), the concrete is required to carefully vibrate. The more accurate will be exposed timbering, the fewer problems in the future with the finish.

xanchez

The purpose of the simultaneous pouring concrete and expanded clay - Laying nets to make part of the wall, firmly linking it with lightweight aggregate, accidentally destroying the wall in a narrow space (while still raw, not destroyed anything at shifting of). Exhibiting formwork pour a layer of expanded clay in five centimeters, with a gap on it stacked valvewith brakes, set the shutter time (plywood, hardboard) to separate layers, and fill up that, and another, retractable flaps and vibrating concrete. Part of the concrete will leave a cavity (not make it liquid). Stacked on top of the upper reinforcement belt, topped up with concrete lining the horizon with a trowel to the desired level.

Finishing the interior and facade

Under the wiring passages xanchez Stroebe after casting, but participants threads are professionally engaged in electrical work, are advised to invest more in the course of two corrugated pipe, junction boxes and flush plus corrugation at the ceiling from the junction box for the light, if overlapping, too monolithic.

Topikstarter the inside wall plastering without beacons and minimum layer almost clobbered - cement with sand 1/3 rubbed into the first cavity, by pouring the remaining, after again overwritten grater. If properly fill the walls, such a treatment is enough to almost perfectly smooth surface, prepare the finish, even under plaster and painting, even under the wallpaper, trim or decorative plaster.

Facade - primer layer facade fillers, grinding and inking roller the same putty composition, all means one line.

When the mass of the merits of expanded clay, it is believed that the expanded clay lightweight concrete can release radon, and although credible evidence, as well as a clear refutation of this fact, no craftsman decided reinsured.

xanchez

Radon - I do not feel its effects, and especially in these horror stories do not believe, but measures to protect the "just in case" taken at the design stage. This gas is heavier than air and "fuses" inside plastered walls in underground space beneath the house. Pile Foundation with raft detached from the earth - one of the basic measures of protection against radon, the space under the heater quite actively ventilated. Well, five channels of ventilation in the house - the trump card.

The vast theme of Default and the details of its construction, and the experience of other craftsmen join. For information on how to use expanded clay aggregate in its original form - article an insulation keramzit. Another natural material used and as a heater and as a filler - perlite. In the video - for the monolithic house, but of opilkobetona.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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