What is the difference postings in a wooden house in the US and in Russia Part 2

In the first part of our review article, we discussed with you in detail the difference voltages and types of cables in Russia and the United States. In the same article we will focus on the standard documentation, protective devices, inspection and acceptance of the object. So, let's begin.

Norms, codes and rules

Route on which to lay cables in a wooden structure in the United States, are strictly regulated and deviate just will not work. If you need to perform additional protection to lay cables, the specialized set metal inserts that protect the cable core from accidental damage when fitting, for example, self-tapping screws.

In addition, the number and the distance between sockets too strictly rationed and you just do not get to refuse the installation and thus save money on the project.

The same strict requirements and the number of groups. For example, if the code specifies that the kitchen put two outlet group, you have to put two and nothing less.

For example, to connect to a single cable multiple socket groups and protect this line automatic nominal value higher ratings will not work.

Just I want to say about the phenomenon as shelfirovanie. In America, as well as in Russia, it is strictly forbidden to share the "Zero", but the phase can be separated easily.

But already in the neighboring Canada can not be split and phase.

Circuit breakers, and the spark protection device RCD

Let's start with the machines. So machines are practically no different from ours, and roughly correspond to the characteristic "C". The difference begins when it comes to the RCD and the more of the spark protection products.

Spark protection device installed in the distribution board and needed to find spark in the wiring. In other words, if the network has not short-circuited, but only the beginning of sparks, such as socket, this switching device is immediately de-energize the line.

These devices are widely used in the United States since 1999. In Russia, it is an exotic apparatus.

Also, there are significant differences when using residual current devices. RCDs generally aligned with the spark protection devices and have a rated current of 30mA is released. And they are mounted on all the lines without exception.

And at 30mA RCD considered fire, the fire in Russia RCD has a rating of 100 mA.

But for such premises as the forge, bathroom, toilet, basement set at 5 mA RCD in the United States. We also are required to be installed at 30mA RCD.

The difference straight face.

Check and acceptance of inspector

Unfortunately, there are many experts in Russia believe that the regulations it is only guidelines and follow them is not necessary. In the US, in this case the picture is as follows:

There exists a state inspection system and the acceptance of civil engineering projects. And the main man is a municipal inspector.

So, in the case of checking if your object of such testing detects a violation (deviation) of the NEC - National Electrical Code, the acceptance will be carried out and this house just is not be connected to a voltage and then will not help neither bribes nor communication. And all because, if in a house where there is a deviation from the standard, there will be a fire, the inspector who took the house, just planted, and the insurance will be canceled.

Fire alarm system in the house

Looking at the statistics, we can see that fire in the houses associated with the wiring is considerably smaller in comparison with Russia.

Primarily, this can be attributed to the fact that we do not have requirements on installation of fire protection systems in the private sector.

In the case of construction or reconstruction of the house in America, you'll just have to install at least one smoke detector in the kitchen and bedroom.

And in the case of use of individual heating (not electric) then also have to put on the sensor of carbon monoxide in the bedrooms.

Thus all sensors should be connected to a common network. In other words, one load sensor, the siren include notification throughout the building. Please tell me you know at least one private house (I do not mean expensive houses, and talking about the average home) where you installed the fire alarm? Personally, I such did not see.

In some regions, while connected to the gas required to mount in some areas the individual sensors. Only here the further operation and verification lies with the owner and very few people doing maintenance in a timely manner.

summing up

So, it was time for our recap with you a comparison. If you have not read the first part, before the conclusions read it on this link:

1. The difference in the power supply almost doubled in the United States 127 Volt, 220 Volt in Russia.

2. cable design has significant differences.

3. Minimum bush lines in the US is strictly regulated.

4. Protective devices also vary. For example, the RCD to protect people from electrical shock sensitivity in 6 times. Fire fighting RCD three times.

5. In the US construction objects necessarily accepted by the state commission. And that inspector strictly monitors compliance with all rules and regulations.

6. In the US, fire safety systems required for installation when refurbishing old housing and new construction.

After examining all these aspects can be concluded that the safety requirements when installing wiring in wooden structure is much tougher than Russia.

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