In the greenhouse, as in a thermos

Frankly, when meeting with the topic had the feeling that greenhouse thermos - akin to a UFO. Some people saw it, someone even tried to "make contact" and grow something. Some were satisfied with the results, saying that such a technology can not only deliver to your table vegetables and fruits all year round, but also become a lucrative business. Others do not believe in the idea and subjected to merciless criticism. Let's try to understand whether this is worthy of an unusual object of attention?

Who invented it?

Mistaken are those who believe greenhouse thermos new technology. But many believe that it is a developer, Anatoly Paty! However, enterprising Ukrainian gardener-breeder only perfected that existed before him for many years.

There is evidence that even under Catherine II near St. Petersburg there was a town of Teplice 5 km long. In addition to traditional Russian fruits, vegetables and herbs there successfully grown bananas, lemons, coffee trees and other exotic plants. It is said that some of pineapples harvested up to 3 million pounds per year! And all this - in the 18th century and without high agricultural technologies!

The secret of the success of the royal greenhouses, some attributed to two factors. One - dressing fertilizer plant based on horse manure. The other - on the principle of the device greenhouses omshanika, insulated space for wintering bees. As is well known, they are ground, underground or only recessed in the ground - just like a greenhouse thermos.

The way to the invention of their own greenhouse-thermos Anatoly Patiala was a difficult and long - about 30 years. First, together with scientists from the Institute of Botany and Biochemistry, "wings" have been made in three two-bedroom apartment balconies. When the area of ​​the "winter garden" was not enough, Paty thinking about building greenhouses. Having studied literature, gardener decided that conventional greenhouses - is expensive and insufficiently effective. And then it occurred to make your own greenhouse.

With an eye to potential problems with the energy, Paty decided to build a greenhouse, in which no heating temperature would not fall below +3 ° C, even when the street was -30 degrees. A series of experiments in the home - and a way to keep warm and to increase the illumination of plants was found.

How does the greenhouse thermos

Externally greenhouse thermos - a kind of dungeon with a transparent roof, or - construction trench type. Construction Width - 5 meters, the length may vary - and 30 meters, and 50 (y Patiala - 5h55 m). The height of structures depends on the walls of crops. At the height of vertical walls Anatoly - 2.4 m, the ridge - 3.60 m, length of slope - 3 m.

And so it is, and with a deep: Greenhouse can be dug partially (if there is ground water), can dive into the ground almost entirely - 2 meters, so that only the roof is visible. In this - one of the secrets of keeping warm: at a depth of about two meters of soil has almost the same temperature throughout the year. Greenhouse can be completely overhead.

Toeplitz polycarbonate cover. It provides good thermal insulation and energy saving. The ground part of the walls insulated with foam. Light penetrates into a greenhouse through the transparent roof. At the same time, according to Anatoly Patiala, even without a serious electric lighting it lighter by 1.8 times than in the street. And all - thanks to a special reflective materials.

Greenhouse Patiala near Kiev is divided into two parts. As the owner - in the "tropics" and "subtropical", where the temperature is slightly higher. Where cooler growing bananas and lemons, in warmer parts - pineapples and plants picture, florist wife. We add that the same technology and built a house Paty family.

Digging in the network, we have found several similar technologies. They supplement or alter the development of Anatolia. According to one such greenhouse better oriented to the east or west. One side of the greenhouse should be open and well lighted, the second insulate mineral wool or foam. Along the perimeter of the future design of the foundation may be poured or stacked concrete blocks. For sealing seams and foundation blocks embedded with foam or plaster. On the foundation put a metal frame, which is fixed on the fuser.

Roof made of polycarbonate is mounted on the frame with the crate. Sheets is better to take the big to the roof covering was without joints and do not leak air. Greenhouse insulated thermal insulation film, in cold regions is best to use foil tape in two layers.

Ayaulym Karsakbaeva (Kazakh employee for the construction of greenhouses, thermoses, gives a description of the technology):

- We believe that the most important thing - it is the frame of the greenhouse. Step columns to do not less than 800 mm, pipe diameter 32 mm, thickness - less than 1.7 mm in the first layer, in step 2400 mm, diameter pipe 25 mm, wall thickness - less than 1.5 mm - in the second, and a step of 1600 mm and a diameter of 32 mm, a thickness of not more than 1.7 mm - third. Fundam not fill, the pipe buried to a depth of 500 mm. Their bonded pipe (rib in the 1st layer - 9 units of 2-m -. 3, and in the 3 rd - 5, tube diameter - 25 mm). Greenhouse film coated thickness of 0.1 mm (100 microns). Film, it is desirable to strengthen the special clamping strips. Under the covering film is better to make the so-called skirt. For this purpose, a height of 500 mm from the ground bar and is set in it vdevayut film width of 1000 mm, 500 mm residue was buried in the ground - for waterproofing. It is also important to pull the film into the start and end openings - for wind protection. And on top of all this, pull the main web of film.

How much is a greenhouse thermos?

greenhouses cost is calculated from the milestones:

• purchase of construction materials;
• training base, excavation;
• pouring of the foundation;
• installation of concrete walls and blind area;
• preparation and filling of soil;
• installation of the roof frame;
• installation of roof made of polycarbonate;
• tambour organization and insulation;
• Rooms' interior walls reflective foil;
• connection to the greenhouse water and energy networks;
• installation of heating equipment;
• Organization lighting.

According to Patiala, greenhouse thermos can make two people for 3-4 weeks, and the construction of the greenhouse is 100 sq.m. It will cost 3.5 thousand. to 10 thousand. dollars. Subsequently, the construction does not require additional investments. Anatoly claims that the seedlings greenhouse thermos pays for itself within 2-3 months, on the fruit - for a year. From 1 sq.m. Square (1 tree) can collect 200-300 kg of lemons and 700 kg of bananas.

Ayaulym Karsakbaeva:

- The fact that the price of vegetables is sometimes very strongly falls, so that even the income from their sale can not be shut Greenhouses maintenance costs, not to recoup the investment. It is better to make "cheap and cheerful". The most important thing - to observe the technology to save on heating costs.

Paty said that his greenhouse and a small house heated water wall boiler. For heating an area of ​​about 600 m is spent 200-300 cubic meters of gas in the coldest months - to 700.

Anatoly Paty:

- When the frost on the street, but sunny weather, after 10 minutes in the greenhouse temperature rises to +20 ° C and kept until the light without the use of active and passive power sources at the same frost on street. When cloudy, the greenhouse-thermos include conventional heating boilers, which, thanks to the special design of the room, consume much less power than a conventional greenhouse. "

Gardeners are helping to save the counter, and temperature controller. When the temperature rises to the desired level, the controller switches off the boiler. Thereafter, the temperature is kept about three hours. When it becomes cooler, the boiler switches on again. According to Anatolia, in the winter when the cold - 20 ° C the boiler switches up to four times a day.

The main disadvantage of trench structure is that its construction costs are much higher in comparison with the ground.

What can we grow?

Paty says that greenhouse-thermos can be grown all the crops: flowers, vegetables, exotic fruits: "We grew watermelons, strawberries, vegetables, and got round harvest. While getting tomatoes in January or December is almost impossible, in our greenhouse, it is possible ".

The collection of Anatolia - about 50 species of plants. Here, pineapples, pomegranates, tangerines, figs, papaya, guava, kumquat and other heat-loving plants. There naranjilla - fruit and ornamental shrub from Guatemala. Its fruit is called "water of the gods" because of its unusual flavor that reminds both pineapple, strawberry, lemon and tangerine. The most simple to clean - pineapple and banana. Lemons, though popular, but rather capricious.

Grows here and a whole banana grove, and Anatoly derived varieties: Banana "Kiev dwarf", which reaches two meters in height, banana "Kiev superkarlik" height of only 1 meter - the most popular variety among the fans of indoor gardening, and other fruits. Here you will find a tree and garden, which are grafted simultaneously grapefruit, tangerine and orange. Anatoly says that the crop can be harvested from the exotic to 9 times. The most fruitful months - November and December.

Plant Care - the usual: watering, fertilizing, pruning, treatment of biological products. For plants using forest soil from beneath deciduous trees: maple, birch, linden, acacia. Chemical fertilizers are not a gardener uses. He believes that this is best humus, and humus.

But there are skeptics who say the greenhouse-thermos will feel fine except exotics, and "native" tomatoes and cucumbers such a situation does not like.

So how do you check whether a myth - a greenhouse thermos or Reality? Perhaps it can be done only one way - to construct at least a small greenhouse on the technology itself. Although, there are less expensive but no less interesting option - to go away from those who have more than one year to grow the plants in this way.

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Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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