What is the neodymium magnet
It is difficult to find a common product in the world today than the magnet. It is used, since most harmless toys, finishing with ultramodern Hadron Collider. But recently it began to actively use a neodymium magnet. In this article I'll talk about what a neodymium magnet, its strengths and weaknesses, as well as on its use in the modern world.
What is the neodymium magnet
So, let's find out what made this magnet and why it is so called.
Neodymium magnet (hereinafter referred to as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) - serhmoschny implemented permanent magnet alloy of iron, boron and rare earth element - neodymium. When such a compound is formed tetragonal crystal structure Nd2Fe14B.
History of the discovery and production method
This magnet was first produced in 1982 by corporations GeneralMotors and Sumitomo Special Metals closely.
These products are sold in two ways. In the first embodiment, the components in powder form are mixed and baked under elevated pressure at 1200 degrees Celsius. In the second embodiment, the mixture is added to a special polymer by injection. Then occurs the molding process.
classification of magnets
Marking of neodymium magnets
Magnets are classified according to the following criteria:
1. magnetic energy. The first letters and digits ( N35 before N52) On the labeling magnets indicate the magnetic moment per unit volume. And the higher the value, the more "powerful" magnet in front of you.
2. Working temperature. By temperature, depending on the brand of the magnets divided into the following subtypes:
3. dimensions. Neodymium magnets are available of various shapes and sizes. But more often found on the shelves of the magnets in the form of washers of different diameters.
4. The strength of the coupling.
Features neodymium magnets
Using these magnets in their view, be sure to consider both the weaknesses and strengths of the product:
The advantages of neodymium magnets include:
- The power of attraction of neodymium magnets many times the strength of conventional magnets.
- The product is available for both companies and for private use.
- Demagnetization is slow enough and for 10 years of "strength" of the magnet is reduced by only 1 - 2%.
- Very wide range of use of the product.
- The modest size and light weight.
By cons neodymium magnets include:
- When the inaccurate use of such products can easily damage the metal parts of the interior and it is capable of causing harm to health. Therefore, these magnets are strictly forbidden to give children play.
- Linked magnets is very difficult to disengage, which in some situations is a significant drawback.
- Because of the strong magnetic field, such magnets have a negative impact on the entire electronics.
The magnets are brittle, so throw them highly undesirable.
If you exceed the operating temperature of the magnet, it will very quickly lose its magnetic properties.
Scope neodymium magnets
In fact, the scope of the neodymium magnets is so wide that the list will be very long. Get the magnet with an induction of 12,500 Gauss. For example, the very popular magnets with hooks
They can be used as a holder for a variety of non-magnetic objects.
The same data is a powerful magnets are used on the farm, for example, attached to a tractor on a long rope magnet, attract to themselves from the field all the metal objects.
In medicine, data magnets used in magnetic resonance imaging.
conclusion
Neodymium magnets are widely used all over the place, but they should be handled with extreme care. You are doing a job that is associated with the use of such products, strictly observe TB (safety), and especially do not let children play such magnets. Thank you for your attention!