The most common battery 18650 how to choose the right
Battery Type 18650, without exaggeration, just took over the world. After all, they can be found in virtually every home in products such as laptops, Power Bank, cordless power tools, flashlights, etc... They even use the famous firm Tesla in their cars.
And occasionally there is a need to replace them. In this article I will talk about the existing species and when using a particular type.
Table of contents
What kinds of batteries exist
process Chemistry
Battery protection, in which case you should
Aging, storage and dispersion of the operating temperature
conclusion
What kinds of batteries exist
Looking at such a battery can find a whole series of letters and numbers, let's see what they mean.
The first letter «I» indicates that this is a product made of lithium-ion technology.
The second letter of the encrypted information about the type of chemistry is used, the material from which the cathode.
The third letter «R» says that the battery in front of us.
Further running of five digits is form factor, is interpreted as follows:
"18" - the value in millimeters, talking about products in diameter;
"65" - Length, in millimeters;
"0" - indicates a cylindrical shape.
Like the first letter of all clear, let's talk more about the second (chemical process).
process Chemistry
The table below lists the most common types of "chemistries" 18650 size batteries with their designations:
1. Lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO2
Such a battery has the greatest capacity while requiring heightened attention to the protection, since it is relatively unstable.
These batteries are not compatible with the rapid charging and discharging (load connection at which the battery will discharge in less than half an hour, is not permitted). Overcharging above 4.2 volts is also prohibited, the discharge lower limit is 3 Volts (continued after reaching the low threshold will disable the battery). In such batteries, it is desirable to use protection board.
Lithium-cobalt batteries are widely used in electronic cigarettes, notebooks, etc.
2. Lithium-manganese, lithium manganese nickel: LiMnO2, LiMnO4, LiNiMnCoO2
The most popular kind of lithium-ion batteries because of the relatively good stability of the chemical process. They also safely transferred to deep discharge to 2.5 volt and keep low impedance load. For this reason they are also called high-voltage, denoted - IMR.
The only drawback in comparison with LiCoO2 to a lesser product container. For the rest, this is an excellent choice for a variety of power tools, and more.
But now actively used INR modification of which included nickel in large enough quantities. The resulting hybrid is probably the best solution for these batteries, because it managed to combine a sufficiently low resistance to manganese and high energy nickel.
In such batteries even inserted protection, as they are considered to be relatively safe.
The most popular models INR 18650 (at the moment) are as follows:
- Samsung 25R;
- Sony VTC4;
- Sony VTC5;
- LG HE2.
It is used in many electrical devices.
3. Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4
rechargeable batteries IFR or LFP high reliability. Basically, such batteries do not establish a protective charge. Just LFP excellent "digest" low-impedance load.
The cycle of charge - discharge as the highest and equal to 2000 cycles. More iron - phosphate batteries have stable voltage of 3.2 volts, which will be held until substantially fully discharged.
The maximum allowable limit of discharge is equal to 2 volts, if the discharge is often the product is below this limit, the battery will be damaged.
The only drawback of such batteries is their low capacity, which is less than the lithium-cobalt nearly half or less Lithium-manganese 15-20%.
4. Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide LiNiCoAIO2
Batteries with designation NCA or Li - aluminum. This type somewhat similar to the INR, but without the additional features offered by the manganese. Such batteries can withstand only small discharge currents, but compensated for this have a very high capacity.
Have increased resistance to mechanical stress. This enables their use in such vehicles as the Tesla and also in electric bicycles.
common models NCA 18650:
- Panasonic 18650 PF;
- Panasonic 18650B;
- LG MH1.
5. Lithium nickel cobalt oxide. LiNiCoO2
It has an NCO designation and is very easy to find on sale. This type of battery produces Samsung index 29E with such batteries have a maximum capacity of 2900 mAh and continuous discharge current of 8.2 amperes.
Battery protection, in which case you should
Work Li-Ion voltage range is in the range 4.2 - 2.5 volts. And so while the battery remains within these limits on contact with the minus sign is mounted handkerchief which protects the battery from the strong discharge, charge and short circuit.
Learn whether you are interested in the battery is built-in protection can be by the inscriptions on the body, for example, it can be written: Short-circuit Protection. If there is no label, then pay attention to the size of the battery, the presence of the security chip increases its length by at least 4-5 mm.
Such protected batteries are widely used, for example, LED lights, where there is its built-in protection. If you want to perform replacement of the battery in your laptop, then you need to buy the product is no built-in protection.
It is also in addition to the electronic security system is implemented on the batteries of mechanical protection. Its meaning is that there is a mechanical rupture inside the battery if there is excess of a certain level of pressure inside the product. In case, if after disconnection pressure still continues to grow, there is a valve opening, which throws out electrolyte.
At the same time about the mechanical protection on the product can not be any information.
Aging, storage and dispersion of the operating temperature
Aging of lithium-ion batteries will happen regardless of whether they are operated or stored in a warehouse. So for one calendar year, depending upon storage conditions, are lost from 2% to 10% of the total capacity. This means that it makes no sense to buy these items for future use.
It is for this reason that when buying an extremely important date of manufacture of the product. It is worth noting that the usual format for the date 01/01/2018 you will not find, it will be encrypted in such a kind
This company LG battery and has the date of manufacture is encoded in tsiferno alphabetical format. So the letter "Q" denoted by 2017 and 313 - this is a day since the beginning of the year: that is, it is November 9th.
As there are subtleties in storage of such products: they can not be kept unloaded.
conclusion
In this brief description of the very popular 18650 size battery can be considered as completed. I want to say that this article will allow you to only generally familiar with such products and make the right choice. If you liked the article, then put the Like. Thanks for attention!