Construction of porch and entrance stairs: an original, high quality, long time

The porch and the stairs at the entrance to the cottage - an essential element of any holiday home. And the correct arrangement of the entrance area to a large extent affects the general perception of "pictures" of the structure. When all the beauty of the facade and roofing, the "wrong" porch destroy all the harmony and will look foreign element. In addition, during the construction of the front group are special requirements to its form factor and choice of materials. After the porch and exterior stairs are exposed to the strong influence of adverse weather events.

The foundation under the porch: errors and solutions

The biggest mistake any novice builder in the construction of the porch - to the choice of the type of foundation as something simple and soft-touch, guided by the principle "and so come down." As a result - the entrance area into a real headache. It should go through a prolonged showers, or come spring, both in the villages can be seen the following picture - homeowners begin to repair the porch.

Depending on the severity and neglect "disease" represents treatment or cosmetic procedures - puttying cracks, gluing "shooting" tiles, or more serious "operation". "Leave" from the home or sagging porch jack apart the problematic foundations and scratching their heads over how to make sure that this does not happen again in the future.

Incorrectly made porch can pull a facade finishing, the roof (if based on the porch roof system supports), will lead to deformation of the roof covering, etc. Conclusion: do everything at once, as it is necessary, at the stage of building a house, rather than hope for the maybe.

Potainoi (Member FORUMHOUSE):

I'm thinking of building a small cottage of aerated concrete. The foundation already poured - the usual belt height of 1.2 meters without the porch, because first foundation was built by another project. Now think how to "fix" the open porch to the house while avoiding mistakes. The problem is that on the porch, through the pillars, will build part of the roof - the so-called "cuckoo".

We add that the soil on the user's site is as follows:

• chernozem - 0.7 m;
• then loam - 0.3 m;
• further clay - 1-1.3 m.

And clay is such a density that, according to Potainoi, it is only an ax chopping. The ground water level is low. Ground over the past few winters freeze no more than 0.6 m, although the actual depth of frost penetration in the district stay longer. Note: when calculating the depth of the foundation should be based on the table data of the climate zone (the depth of soil freezing in the harsh winter with little snow, that can happen every 15-20 years old). On the basis of these figures, the user proposed to discuss the following portal solutions for the construction of the basement under the porch:

• Dig a trench and pour a strip foundation under the front group on the depth of frost.
• Pour the concrete piles with a "heel" below the freezing depth and lean on the pillars of "cuckoo".
• Tighten the screw piles.
• Support the "cuckoo" in the diagonal beams, resting them on the wall or in the basement, and a porch "untie" with roof and house.

Rojer40 (Member FORUMHOUSE):

I'd poured the foundation for the porch to the same depth as the original, and tied them together turn expansion joint, which will provide them with some movement. I encountered a similar problem a few years ago - pier foundation (filled below the freezing depth) together with a porch "left" of the house, and a total roof broke.

Private foundations, flooded below the depth of freezing is not a panacea for the construction of the porch. After all. it acting tangential forces frost heaving, which can not balance the load / weight of the overlying lightweight construction.

The foundation under the porch (as well as under the house) must be calculated on the basis of the type of soil and its bearing capacity, exposure to heave and ground water level. Therefore, ideally, a foundation under the porch built as a single / common structure with the basic foundation for a house. Or if its construction is left "for later", the foundation under the porch should be "decoupled" from the foundation under the house.

In the above case, the matter was complicated by the fact that the porch takes up the load on the truss system. When some movement decoupled foundations roof can tear.

Vit1959 (FORUMHOUSE Moderator):

Two different foundation will live his "life." How much different is hard to say. What will happen to them and to the roof of the house, can not be guaranteed.I think, Potainoi better to make "cuckoo" atremote cantilever beam (subsequent beam longer than the previous) to the roof was in itself, and the foundation of the porch - all by itself.

Potainoi

I will think about how to make the outrigger beams. Just need to figure out all the fastening components and design to understand.

Repair or break incorrectly made the porch

Sometimes problematic can get to the porch in the "legacy". And then the landlord, in addition to the house bought, gets a "time bomb", which entails a number of problems.

dvauha2 (Member FORUMHOUSE):

I bought a house. At the cottage is an open stone porch without a visor. Porch is not connected with the foundation of the house. The problem is that the porch is gradually destroyed. In zapenennuyu seam between the porch and the house flows into the water that runs under the foundation. The upper level is falling. Now I am limited in finance, and would not want to engage in dramatic alterations. I think to make the brim, so that the water did not get on the knotty problem, and to seal the gap. Or avaricious pays twice, and it is necessary to demolish everything and build anew the porch?

Portal users are actively involved in the discussion of the situation and offered to different outputs. For example, party portal with the nickname Detonator,According to him, he faced with a similar problem. The porch of his house did not have a hood. Over time, the rotted wooden railing. Then flew tiles on the stairs. The foundation did not remodel. Built and repaired visor stage.

Two years later, on the porch, "left" the bottom two stages. So they decided to use a radical "treatment" of the foundation - from the bottom on both sides laid the steel tie (or channel area, screwing it to the concrete, alteration took place without the participation of Detonator) And stoned all the tiles.

Detonator (Member FORUMHOUSE):

The winter passed without problems, let's see what will happen next.

Cheaper to just make a normal porch, than to engage in costly rework.

We return to the situation dvauha2. According to the council members, he made out a little porch on top of one corner, to understand its constructive. It turned out the following: a tie - the top of the plate, filled neutrambovannysandWhich gradually pours into the gap between the porch and the house.

The lower part of the steps covered with asphalt and crumb now a monolithic base for the second stage.

Warmed otmostki not. As a result of the porch "walks", and the gap widens.

dvauha2

To wrestle with how to make pairing the house and the porch, and the best way to seal this gap?

Dgusepe (FORUMHOUSE Moderator):

I think the gap does not froth, as any filling can work as a wedge, and when frost heave porch again "float away". The gap can be closed simply a decorative plate.

As a result, dvauha2 I decided not to engage in a permanent repair of the problem of the porch, and to demolish it and build a new quality. Especially, it was found that the bricks have cracked steps and the sand that filled the inside of the whole structure, do not compacted. Under the slab "tambour" sand also is sealed, and after a broken porch became fall out, and the plate as a result of hanging in the air.

dvauha2

I have yet to make a temporary staircase to the house from a board section 5x15 cm. Decided - I will do a normal porch with a small vestibule.

How to calculate the entrance stairs, the optimal width of the porch and avoid "shooting" decorative tiles

Raising open porch, it should be remembered that even if the cap is still susceptible to the negative effects of snow, rain and wind. This accelerates wear. Therefore, choosing the materials for the building, it is necessary to give preference to those who have a long service life. But sometimes by cladding steps and porch area with quality ceramic tiles or stone, the developer collides with the unpleasant phenomenon - the so-called "Shooting". Tile constantly falls off or crack.

Most often, this blame bad glue, weather, dressers, etc., forgetting about one possible reason. The following occurs - elevated porch and stairs (we are talking about the stone steps and concrete steps). In Step glued tiles, but since builders "forgotten" do waterproofing which otsechot wet soil from a concrete base; moisture coming from the ground, gradually saturates the concrete. Because ceramic tile steam and water-proof, moisture nowhere to go. It accumulates on the border of the base-bar. At low temperatures the water freezes, increases in volume, and topcoat flies away from the base.

To avoid this, on the border - prepared and compacted base-concrete porch / ladder is reliable waterproofing.

Besides competent constructive porch, do not forget about the convenience of its use. One of the most frequent questions: what size to make the entrance area. The depth of the steps can be calculated by multiplying the width of the door 1.5. For example, when the width of the door leaf 1 meter depth site should be at least 1.5 m.

A similar principle is to avoid a situation where the door open, standing on the top platform, the person to enter the house, forced to go down to one step down. If you skimp on the size of the site and its depth, something much more complicated the rise in house large items - furniture, technical equipment. Even skid pair of bulk bags from the grocery store becomes uncomfortable. Site itself may be square with equal sides. When the door width of 1 meter upper floor porch is 1.5x1.5 m.

And the height of the steps is calculated so that the top of the pad was lower than the door threshold of about 5 cm. Since snow and water will not get into the house. To build a comfortable entrance stairs, a guide, you can be guided by the following principles:

• Immediately figure out how much the outlet side of the ladder - one, two or three.
• The optimum angle of inclination (rise) ladder is maintained within the range 30-45 degrees. According to a ladder with a slope over 45 degrees is difficult to climb. Ladder with a slope of less than 30 degrees turns flat and under it needs more space.
• The width of the tread - in the range of 25-30 cm. Lifting height level - 15-20 cm.

It is better if the number of steps odd turn because start and finish climbing stairs more convenient to the same leg. The number of stages can be calculated by dividing the estimated height of the steps on the step height. Knowing the expected number of steps and the width of the tread, it is possible to calculate the length of the flight of stairs.

Porch and stairs of burnt timber

At the end of the article we give an example of a creative approach to the arrangement of the beautiful open porch and stairs, which erected from burnt deciduous timber Green0568.

In the manufacture of the input group went bar section 20x15 cm.

Sealed by a beam between grouse on polyurethane adhesive. After one grouse hammered dowels. Under the fourth step in the middle of the jack stands under the third - two jacks, which are located on the edges of the indented.

Green0568 (Member FORUMHOUSE):

Bruce once fully burned, for gluing plane thoroughly cleaned. After assembling there is a removal of the adhesive, and then again firing for aligning plane, cleaning and impregnation linseed oil.

An important caveat: the user's words, larch, depending on the area where she grew up, a different texture. Firing before final assembly allows us to understand where the tree more beautiful "front" side, and what better to hide. In addition, at the marsh larch even after treatment remain splinters. To do this, you need to burn it and before assembly to remove as far as possible into this plane.

Summarizing

That during the construction of the porch and entrance stairs to get quality results, required knowledge and practical experience. The input area may be as simple - made from boards or welded from angles and channels, and more complex - the stone - monolithic staircase and forged elements. But, in any case, it all starts with the calculation and comparison of the different options.

Get ideas for building, ask a question or to find the best possible constructive on our portal. On FORUMHOUSE collected tens input arrangement for this area. read, how to attach the porch for the summer porch framing and renovated old porch. We also suggest articles about the basics of building a porch and especially the construction of stairs. In the video - wooden two-storey porch extension Chopped and balcony to the house.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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