Breeding quails: Only for yourself or business?

Quail can contain both the family and for profit - one laying hen lays about 300 eggs per year

Breeding quail will allow relatives useful dietary meat and eggs, but if you want - to make money on this kind of household, which is becoming more popular with every year in Russia.

Content:

• why quail
• types of quail
• The main species of quail
• expert opinion
• Conditions for growing
• How to choose the chicks
• Care and Hygiene
• How to obtain fertilized eggs

Why quail?

Farm food today extraordinary demand. The imposition of sanctions has shown the dependence of the domestic economy on imports, but it stimulated the production of local products.

Quail meat and eggs are in demand - a tasty and healthy food, suitable even for small children and people with allergies. Unlike other sectors of poultry, quail breeding requires substantial initial cost, large area for accommodation - 1 m² of the house accommodate up to 200 birds.

According to food costs more profitable quail hens and geese.

At 30-40 days of age (depending on the age of the rock masonry varies) quail is already beginning to be carried. In the presence of 500 heads you will have up to 15,000 eggs.

types of quail

There are meat, egg, myasoyaichnye and ornamental species of quail. Depending on the goals that you pursue, it is necessary to select and breed.

The main species of quail

• Japanese. The breed is characterized by a 900-year history of breeding and have high egg productivity - 250-300 per year. Egg weight - 8-12 g At day quail consumes 30 grams of feed. But the eggs to hatch the representatives of Japanese rock do not know how the birds extraordinarily fearful and prone to stress. Quail carcass reaches only 120-140 grams, so it is rarely used in food.
• Marble. It is believed that this breed - Japanese mutant. In the year of marble ash gives up to 320 eggs, not shy and not Crickley. The eggs are much larger - 15-18 g, carcass weight - 150-200, the Bird more gluttonous - up to 40-50 grams per day.
• English black. Quail gives up to 280 eggs per year egg weight - up to 14 grams, happy calm disposition (it's almost unheard of), consumes 35 grams of food per day, the eggs hatch. Weight quail - 170-200 g
• English white. These quail this breed identical black, the only difference - the color of the plumage.
• Kaytavers. This Estonian breed - a mixture of Japanese, English, and Pharaoh, meat breed. Laying hen gives to 310 eggs per year (weighing 9-11 g), characterized endurance - survival to 98% of the offspring. bird weight is 180-210, which can be used for livestock and meat. Quail requires about 35 g of food per day.
• Pharaoh. This beef breed, bred in the United States. Carcass weight varies from 150 to 300 g In the year of laying hen gives 150-210 eggs weighing 12-16 grams and consume 35-40 g of food.
• Texas white. Quail refers to meat breeds broilers. Weight carcase reaches 450 g, so the bird is used exclusively for meat. Breed known high taste qualities.

expert opinion

Ilya Guzik

Chairman perepelovodov associations and breeders of exotic birds of the Republic of Moldova

We prefer to breed Texan white and golden phoenix. It is the largest breed of quail family, and they appear to be family myasoyaichnyh. The carcass 45 days weighing 280-300 g and 18-20 g egg We are the producers of eggs for incubation and every 9 months, buy or exchange hatching eggs from other countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia, the Netherlands, Romania), so that "my blood" to preserve original breeds and exceptions mutants.

Conditions for growing

If you have already decided where you need a quail egg or meat, for families or for income, then you can go to the organization of the birds of the conditions. There are a few key points.

Room. For the organization of quail farm suitable premises 10 m² 100-300 head, where there is no draft, but there is good ventilation. Metabolism quail accelerated, so the bird needs more amount of fresh air. During the summer, weather permitting, the cells can be left on the street - provided that the site is closed, and no cats (ferrets and other predators).

To ensure the flow of fresh air, birds desired rate of 2 m³ / 1 kg quail winter and summer 5 m³, it is possible to install air conditioning.

Keep in mind that quail do not like sharp sounds - if you can, make a noise insulation.

Cell. Quail - very small bird. It is dangerous to let her in the cage. Optimally contain chicks and adult birds in a cage. You can independently make hawk of fine and strong metal mesh and the sheet of plywood with a door at the top. For each bird must be at least 200 square meters. cm., if meat breed, it is 10% more.

However, if the area allows, it is better to build a cage 30x30 cm for each quail family - usually 3-4 females and guiding the male, adults (there is no need, if you want to only deal with eggs). When designing, keep in mind that the height of the "ceiling" should not be less than 25 cm. Sex cells make with an inclination to the egg rolled in a container. Set the pan and litter. Ceiling obbeyte soft material - soaring quail may suffer if the house will be the top metal. Alternatively, you can purchase ready-cell battery.

Shine. Without light, quail, as well as chickens will not eat, gain weight and be carried. Long daylight hours, 18-20 hours - guarantee high performance of birds. Abuse that is not worth it.

Do not keep the lights on all day - otherwise, male first become nervous, the female a little later. Start a fight, quail egg production drops, and decreased appetite. In large poultry farms where egg production is on an industrial scale, a light day for the stock lasts 18 hours, after which darkness and light, lasting 2 hours, alternate. Mode beneficial effects on poultry productivity.

Temperature. Quail is easy to grow in central Russia precisely because the bird can not stand the heat. The air temperature must not exceed 18-200 C. For the young - 2-3 degrees higher. In winter, it is necessary to heat the room, where the cells are located, and in the summer - cool, preventing drafts.

If the temperature conditions are not met, the egg production falls, and possible mortality of livestock. To do this, you can choose the system of heating and air conditioning. The optimal level of humidity - 60-75%.

Feeding. If you are going to breed quail at the cottage or country house, where there are 7 days a week, it makes sense to install a bird feeder hopper type. So, in your absence, the bird will be fed. The most convenient drinker - nipple system. Feeders, for reasons of hygiene, it is better to set out the cell space. Feed the birds should be 2-3 times the light of day at the same time. Violation of the regime is fraught with stress.

Diet. Power quails normally comprises 60% of cereal crops. Else - is calcium (powder river shells), green (grass, alfalfa, nettle), fish or meat and bone rot, sunflower meal. From time to time in the diet of birds add root vegetables and boiled potatoes. One can use commercially available feed additives vitamins and minerals - depending on the breed quail. Experienced farmers are advised simple scheme: Wheat - 30% Corn - 25% milled shells - 5%, barley - 5%, plus additives fishmeal and necessarily foliage.

Chicks another menu. The first three days of life young eating finely chopped hard-boiled eggs. Further supplemented diet cheese and complete feeds for chicks. Water for chicks must be boiled - for prevention can be diluted in water bottle tablet chloramphenicol. With 8 days chicks are gradually transferred to the usual mix for quail.

Litter. Sex cells are paved with sawdust, hay and straw. Mat is recommended to be changed regularly to quail does not "fall on their feet." Several times a week, put in a container with a hawk ash layer of 2-3 cm - so that the birds can clean the feathers. You can put the population in the drawer with the ash, until you clean the cage. For this purpose, suitable and cleaned river sand. But before you throw out a box with ash / sand, check the container for the presence of eggs.

How to choose the chicks

Quail hard transfers Relocate - bird is usually prone to stress, which has a negative impact on egg production. Indefinitely bird stops laying eggs, even if the road was short. For this reason, adults are not sold for breeding - only if the owners do not differ integrity.

The incubator can be found daily quail. Farmers who specialize in breeding birds, offer weekly and sometimes 30-day-old nestlings. If you already have experience in the care of quail, and all necessary conditions for the content, it can take a very small, diurnal birds. So you save on the purchase of animals, and the mortality rate is close to zero.

But if you have no experience, and the conditions are not the best, it is better to take a monthly quail that have already overcome the most dangerous age. However, it should podroschenny quail 5-6 expensive. You decide.

Consider and version of the "golden mean" - weekly quail chicks. It is already clear what sex individual, the value of the average, need a competent care to avoid diseases and death of birds.

Selecting the chicks must be careful at any age. Inspect quail, the eyes should be shiny, clear, stomach - clean and dry, and the beak - strong. A loud squeak also indicates good health of individuals.

Care and Hygiene

Do not forget about ashes or river sand - for quail is an opportunity to clean the feathers and get rid of parasites. Consult your veterinarian about vaccination - depending on the area you will be recommended to certain vaccinations. Pay attention to plumage - even slightly baldness is a sign of serious illness. Fall on his legs - yet another important reason to consult a specialist.

How to obtain fertilized eggs

For this purpose the cells podsazhivayut 1st male and one female - or one male and 4 females. It should be juveniles aged 2-8 months.

The first time you can grow quail for his family, and when the process is adjusted, it is possible that you'll have to arrange good business. a market can be found among the neighbors, on-line sites, in social networks.

Quail farm as a business - is it profitable to breed quail?

expert opinion

Ilya Guzik

The most comprehensive approach is beneficial: the production of meat, eggs, chicks for breeding, as well as the processing of manure in protein 25% and 45% vermicompost. You can achieve significant savings on food - almost 2 times. Protein is used to feed and vermicompost in greenhouses. It is also environmentally friendly solution.

A little about quail litter processing

Alex Bratutsel

Technologist

Quail litter processed cultivation larvae of flies and receive nutritious protein (protein) from organics. From 1 ton of manure can produce about 250 kg of live and fresh protein which nourishes quail animal proteins. Any bird should ideally eat corn, animal protein (worms, larvae) and fortified green food, in equal shares her daily diet.

Price of one ton of manure approximately 16-17 dollars, and 250 kg of protein from one ton of litter will cost at least 140 dollars. Wastes of fly larvae, processing manure, an organic fertilizer. About 200 kg per ton of processed manure costs about 44 dollars. Waste treatment in revenues nature works without human intervention – Only the larvae feeding on dung.

Output

For themselves or for business - breeding of quails justified in both cases.

On FORUMHOUSE can also read more concretely, of quail eggs and to know, how to determine the sex of quail. In the video - personal experience new posts on the correct arrangement of Sparrowhawk.

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