Nuts: how to grow on his land

It turns out that grow nuts as easy as apples or apricots - just follow our advice and know more about this culture.

Walnuts, cashews, almonds, hazelnuts - delicious ingredients for baking and desserts. Imagine how great positioning inventory with its own portion.

Nut Grove has long ceased to be exotic in the Russian regions, but many gardeners and growers are still hesitant to lay the garden of nuts. Although this is a very profitable crop. Already in the 3-6 years of age, depending on the variety, walnut tree is able to produce 8-10 kilograms of fruit grown walnut crop yields more than 100-150 years. In fact, the garden of nuts can become a financial support and for your grandchildren. Cost of nuts is quite high and continues to grow every year.

Content

• General guidelines for the cultivation of nuts
• optimal climate
• The soil for growing nuts
• Selection plot nuts landing
• How to grow a walnut
• Almonds: basic rules

General guidelines for the cultivation of nuts

Despite the differences between kinds of nuts, there is general information, which allows to lay a strong nutty garden.

optimal climate

Nut trees prefer an abundance of sunlight and heat, like moist soil and therefore tolerate the climatic conditions of the central part of Russia.

There is a cold-resistant crops that can withstand short-lived drop in temperature to -25-28 ⁰S. When the mark of -30 ⁰S a one-year escape may die. Mature trees can withstand temperatures down to -34 ⁰S. More dangerous are spring frosts. During this period, and during the cold winter plantings sheltering special materials and sprinkled with sawdust. Some Varieties can be grown in Siberia - for example, Manchurian walnut hybrids are characterized by high resistance to frost. Released varieties are suitable for any climate, but warmer than - the faster a tree grows and richer harvest.

The soil for growing nuts

Nut crops usually prefer grassy, ​​sandy and loamy soils. However, depending on the type of nut demands on the ground can change.

For example, almonds loves rocky soil and hazelnut - gray, with low or neutral acidity and lime content. Experience shows that the walnut is highly adaptable to virtually any ground - important to provide drainage and loosening. Regular fertilizing the soil salts and minerals will provide fast growth and good fruiting.

Selection plot nuts landing

Walnuts are most often choose to give, but it is important not to forget that the height of the tree reaches 12 meters, and the crown - the volume and sprawling. Walnut does not like overcrowding and poor grows near other trees. Therefore, observe a minimum distance of 5 meters between seedlings.

Under the hazel almost nothing grows - a powerful root system absorbs all the nutrients. The exception may be herbs, raspberries and garlic. Gardeners usually walnut trees planted on the south edge of the plot, the plants do not oppress other planting.

The site itself must be level and located away from drafts. Choose a well-lit place. On the shaded areas of almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts and other nut trees develop slowly and give a modest harvest. Importantly, the direct sunlight to stimulate the eyeballs of female flowers.

Next, we describe in detail how to grow walnuts and almonds in your area.

How to grow a walnut

Hazel, as a long-lived, can reach 300-400 years of age and begins to bear fruit already on the 3-6 year life - depending on the variety - but the period of full fruiting occurs in 20-25 years. Dioecious tree, so the plant does not rest, and brings the harvest each year. It created a lot of winter-hardy varieties suitable for cultivation in the middle lane:

• "Ideal";
• "Osipov";
• "Aurora";
• "Giant".

For the warmer regions of the following varieties are recommended:

• "Izobilnyi";
• "Dessert";
• "Breeder".

Selection of seedlings

Planting is recommended vesnoy¸ in April or May. Carefully sort the plants - they should not be limp, withered, sick. Choose 3-4-year-old, strong grafted plants. If transport will be a long, wrap the roots with a damp cloth.

Landing

Roots treat growth stimulants. Be prepared to planting pit - 80h80h80 cm (at a distance of at least 5 meters apart). On the day of planting in the bottom of each, on the north side, drive the number of seedlings to bind. Half fill the hole with soil and humus in the ratio of 1: 1, in the middle of a mound shape, lower the seedling. Roots gently straighten and gradually pour the soil compacting each layer. If the upper roots are located at a depth of 6,6-7 cm from the surface, and root collar at ground level, then you have done everything correctly. Seedlings abundantly pour water - each under about 3 buckets of water. Lay around the trunk sawdust, peat litter or leaves.

Watering

In spring and summer watering young trees every 2-3 weeks at the rate of 3 buckets per square meter. In times of drought - often. When the nut reach 4 meters, the watering can be done less frequently.

top-dressing

Twice in the spring to apply nitrogen fertilizer and twice in the fall - phosphorus and potassium. When the tree reaches the age of fruiting 2-3 years after that there is no need for feeding.

pruning

Walnut he copes with the formation of a lush crown. Sometimes there are extra branches that are best removed in the summer or fall - but not in the spring, as this period of sap movement and the tree will lose a lot of energy.

The procedure takes place in two stages. The one-year cut off part of the branch, twig left 7-8 cm, and the next - already removed a dried branch. Place the cut is necessary to paint over garden pitch.

Harvesting

As soon as the green nut shell is beginning to burst - it's time to collect the fruit. This should be done with gloves, or iodine, which is contained in the pericarp, color skin. The first week of the crop to be stored in the basement, where the shell will turn black, are soft - will be easier to clean the nuts.

Interesting Facts

• Walnut contains protein equivalent protein of meat and milk - but it contains lysine, and therefore more easily absorbed by the body.
• Walnut is rich in magnesium, has a sedative effect and helps relieve anxiety and headaches.
• 400 gram of walnut kernels satisfy the daily requirement for useful human food.

Almonds: basic rules

Almond nuts are called, although this bone - and culture refers to the plum. However, the almond tree is different beauty and useful properties harvest - fruit is used not only in cooking but also in cosmetics.

Spring fragrant almond blossoms, begins to bear fruit for 4-5 years after planting, and full fruiting period of up to 10-12 years. For an average strip of Russia optimally choose cold-resistant varieties:

• "Dessert";
• "Nikita";
• "Seaside".

For the crop must be planted next to some trees of different varieties as well as almonds pereopylyayutsya. A single bush would bring only a few fruits. Remember that there are bitter and sweet almonds - bitter variety can not be taken for food.

Selection of seedlings

For planting choose healthy yearlings, strong and free from defects. During this period, the size of the root system is not developed enough, so you can plant a tree or bush form.

Landing

Almonds are best planted in the fall, in October, after the first Listopadov. So the plant will take the winter and spring will increase. Spring planting is not as productive - almonds will long to get used to the new conditions and will not give the expected growth.

Dug pit 60h70h80 cm, is placed on a bottom drainage (10.8 centimeters), then a layer of sand (10 centimeters) and fertilizers (supersulfat humus and 1:10). The roots of seedlings straighten and buried so that the root collar was at a depth of 10-12 centimeters. The plant is watered by two buckets of water. Further soil mulch. If necessary, set the count to support and attach to it the young almonds.

Watering

Almond trees like moisture. Recommended abundant watering every 1.5-2 weeks. Once dry land around the trees - need moisture. Once a month, do not forget to loosen the soil, so that the plant receives air and access to fertilizers.

top-dressing

In October, in the tree trunks, make superphosphate. In the spring to fertilize more suitable humus and chicken manure.

Preparing for winter

Almonds - thermophilic. Important to prepare the trees for the winter. To this end, in late summer removed the extreme kidney to fall during the plant increased its wood fibers. Stock in the first year need to cover - to avoid the formation of frost-crack.

Harvesting

In August, almonds shed their leaves - so let all the power plant to fruit ripening. Ripe almonds has a white kernel, dense texture and brown skin. If the kernel is different watery, then you need to wait. Harvest after collection should immediately clean the shells and dry, or stone fruit rancid.

Interesting Facts

• 60 grams of almonds a week help cleanse the blood vessels from plaque.
• Almonds are useful after exercise - it helps build muscle.
• Almond oil and has a rejuvenating effect on the skin wrinkles.

At their summer cottage can also grow hazelnuts, peanuts and other nuts. Cashew best grown at home or in greenhouses.

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