How to calculate the wire size for wiring

Reason - it is the main element of the system add-on runs operating current and on how well they matched depends term trouble-free and reliable operation.

Therefore, it is important to choose the cross-section future wiring. And how do you learn from the article presented below.

What are the numbers you need to know in advance

The main parameter is the index of any conductor durable permissible load, i.e. it is the current value at which a wire is not heated for a long time.

To find it, you need to calculate the power of all the electrical appliances, these should be installed in a house or apartment. Let's take a sample of a standard set of apartments

TV - 140W.

Split system - 2500 watts.

Refrigerator - 350 watts.

Boiler - 2000 watts.

Iron - 1800 watts.

Microwave - 1000 Watt.

Stiralka - 2700 watts.

Desktop computer - 650W

Lighting - 500W

Now we count the total consumption of all electrical appliances and get - 11 640 watts. That such is the maximum possible electrical consumption at the same time included in the wiring.

So, we are picked up by the approximate number and power consumption of electrical appliances, now turn to the calculation of current consumption using the following formula:

For single-phase networks: I = P * Ki / U * Cosφ

In this formula: P - general power

U - mains voltage

Ki - simultaneous utilization and it equals 0,75.

Cosφ - is considered to be equal for home networks «1».

And here is the formula, if you have implemented three-wire network:

I = P / √3 * U * Cos φ

So, the formula known, which means that we calculate the value of current flowing:

I = 11640 * 0.75 / 230 * 1 = 37 95 A.

That's how much will consume our wiring in peak load.

The following are permissible continuous load on the wire depending on the diameter of wires:

As we can see from the table, for our performance suitable wire cross-section of 4 mm square. And be sure to buy the wire is manufactured in accordance with GOST and TU are not. What is the difference you can read in this article.

Calculation of the cross section of consumer groups

We extend to you our calculation and selection section, already relying on the power of technology. As we know the load can be divided into two groups: power and lighting.

In the above example we have the dominant energy consumer is the boiler, iron, stiralka. Therefore it is necessary to use a conductor with a diameter of 4 mm square, if all of these circuits will sit on one line if the same load scatter of different lines, it is possible to use a wire with a cross section of 2.5 mm square.

On the same section of the lighting is fine in 1,5 mm square.

Approximate scheme could look like this

As you have seen from the preliminary calculation of the proper power depends on the reliability and durability of your postings. Thanks for attention.

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