Stove heating in a modern house. Problems and solutions.

users forumhouse.ru well aware that the correct choice of heating equipment depends on the comfort and safety of living in the house. Due to the steady rise in energy prices and the high cost of gas supply, many developers are looking for an alternative to natural gas. Although there Different methods of heating private housesStone oven is not going to give up their positions. So to be or not to be a heating furnace in a modern cottage? The answer to this question - in our material.

In this article you will learn:

• What are the advantages and disadvantages have a stone oven?
• Where is the best in the house to install a stone oven?
• What you need to know about the features of furnace heating?
• From a brick to be composed of the oven?
• What are the requirements to the foundation under a stone oven?
• Can a stone oven an alternative to solid fuel boiler?
• What you need to know about the rules of fire safety during the furnace heating?

Advantages and disadvantages of stone oven

To understand the suitability of a stone oven as the main heating system today, you need to understand its main advantages and disadvantages.

The main advantages of the heating furnace include:

• Gross energy independence and autonomy of operation of the furnace.
• Brick oven for a long time and retains heat for a long time gives.
• Brick oven is easy to use and has many options for exterior finishing.
• Brick oven at the same time heats the house and allows you to cook tasty and healthy food.
• Thanks to the radiant energy of the furnace in the house creates a favorable and especially cozy atmosphere.
• The oven does not overheat and does not desiccate the air in the room.
• Brick oven can become a multi-functional heat-generating unit, that combines heating, heating and water heating device.
• Brick oven has high maintainability. If necessary, any of the bricks can be replaced.

Pecnik from Peter (User FORUMHOUSE):

- The heat generated by the heated brick warms the human body from the inside, which is useful for health. Oven and warm, and feed, and will fly!

Vadim Kornev (Company Master "Art Master"):

- If the house has no gas and electricity to heat or diesel fuel is very expensive, the oven - this is what you need!

Alexey Telegin (Expert on tube-furnace operation, the company "Rubin SPP"):

- Brick oven, especially when there is no central heating in the building of non-gasified and strongly limited budget - the best option for permanent residence of the family in the country!

Despite the many advantages, furnace heating is inherent in a number of drawbacks:

• Long warm-up before the start of the heat transfer. Since the ignition until the time when the furnace starts to fully release heat, it may take several hours.
• Inability to automate oven. As the burning, the wood will have to lay a hand.
• Increased demands on the quality of materials (brick) and professionalism performers;
• The loss of useful space in the room. The larger the furnace, the more space it can warm, respectively, this leads to an increase in its size.
• The large mass. Depending on the size and number of bricks used, the furnace may weigh from 4.5 tons (about 1000 pieces. bricks) to 20 tons (5,000 pcs. brick). Therefore, under the oven is required to construct a separate foundation or to resort to increased core.
• Uneven heating of the premises. The farther you are from the oven, the colder. That is why the village houses all life has traditionally concentrated around the stove.
• Oven, built with violations of rules and regulations, can be a fire hazard;
• Abrupt heating furnace can lead to cracks in the structure.

Vadim Kornev (Master of "Art-master"):

- The main disadvantage of the stone oven - the need for manual batch of fuel. But if you are too lazy to work a saw and an ax, the possession of this brick oven will bring real pleasure!

Is it worth it to build a stone oven?

Any homeowner, as soon as he thinks about the stove heating, a number of questions. Is it profitable? Will the stove to heat the house? But the main thing - is there any general criteria by which one can understand the degree of efficiency of such heat?

MasterOk (Master of "Art-master"):

- it is necessary to calculate its size to the furnace to work efficiently in the first place. Size, and hence the capacity of the furnace are determined according to the heat loss of the house.

Heat loss of the building is largely dependent on the location of the rooms. For a preliminary calculation can use the following formula:

On average, 1 sq. m furnace can heat the 30-35 square meter premises.

Vadim Kornev(Master of "Art-master"):

- The house is 200 sq.m in winter you can heat a conventional heating and cooking pechyu- "Dutch."

Russian stove can heat a house much larger. If the house has a complex configuration, you can put two small stove in different parts of the house. The main economic component of the furnace - the price of firewood. They are different everywhere. To supply hot air to distant areas of the house you can use a flexible, heat-resistant hoses. But so are rare - this unaesthetic.

It should be remembered that the oven is best installed in the kitchen, living room or dining room to flood was in a residential area of ​​the house. In the corners of the oven at home is better not to, because worsens the circulation of warm air in the house. The closer to the center of the oven, the better.

Maintain a comfortable temperature in the building is dependent on a variety of factors: the quality and power consumption of the oven itself; thermal insulation, and the amount of space; fuel quality. As a fuel for the furnace can use the old boards, oak wood, etc. Naturally, heat transfer in different fuels differ greatly affect the degree of efficiency of the furnace heating.

Features of the construction of a stone oven

When choosing a heating furnace one of the most common mistakes becomes a thought that first you need to build a house, and only then begin to engage in masonry oven. In fact, the house and the oven should be seen as two closely interrelated objects that require an integrated approach and careful calculation.

"We dance on the stove!" - that is the motto of stove-makers. This means that before you build a house with the stove you must:

1. Understand what you need oven.

2. Calculate the size and weight of the furnace.

3. Determine location of the furnace installation in the building.

4. Calculate the load from the furnace to the foundation or slab.

5. Think through the chimney system.

Figuratively speaking, the stove is built inside the house, and the house is being built around the furnace!

Alexey Telegin (Expert tube-furnace operation, the company "Rubin SPP"):

- often happens - the developer first vozvedot house will cover the roof, will make the finish and then suddenly remembers that he wanted to put the oven. Here and it turns out that the oven is simply not "fit" into the room. We have to alter or enhance the foundation to break and rebuild floors and rafter system.

"Implantation" oven already built house leads to unnecessary costs.

MasterOk (Master of "Art-master"):

- Only if you have a project or furnace sketch, you can bind it to the plan of the house.

Therefore, the construction of the furnace should be split into a number of successive stages. Namely:

1. Design. At this stage:

• select the type of furnace and its structure;
• pre-determine a place under the furnace;
• forward safety distances at the intersections and junctions of the oven to the floor, ceiling, floors, roofs, walls, partitions;
• We think over appearance furnace interior materials, surface texture.

2. The control. At this stage you need to make sure that all work is carried out in accordance with the project.

Such approach guarantees the quality result.

Also, you must pre-select the right material for the manufacture of stoves and chimney. For furnaces and fireplaces better to use brick plastic molding, dry pressing since brick is not withstand high temperatures.

Alexey Telegin (Expert tube-furnace operation, the company "Rubin SPP"):

- Laying of the chimney and the furnace is necessary to conduct red corpulent ceramic brick, normally burnt, with no cracks and impurities, the brand is not lower than the M100.

It is forbidden to be used for masonry chimneys and brick kilns or perezhzhonny nedozhzhonny, void, silicate, porous and lightweight!

Vadim Kornev(Master of "Art-master"):

- For an array of masonry furnace is best to use a good red brick, and the furnace make of firebrick.

The construction of the furnace. Technical features.

As with any construction, furnace construction begins with the construction of the foundation. You need to know a number of features that will help you avoid mistakes.

Pecnik from Peter (User FORUMHOUSE):

- There is no light brick kilns. Even low oven 630h630 mm 1/4 brick lined weighs about 700-800 kg.

Even such "an easy" the stove can be supplied is not just sex.

Installation furnaces, chimneys and fireplaces weighing over 750 kg must be carried on a separate foundation.

Foundation for the furnace must provide:

1. Spreading the load on the ground in accordance with the bearing capacity of the soil.

2. Stability and the protection of the building structure and the furnace from external influences during shifting of home, shrinkage and heaving soils.

Any foundation (its emplacement depth, dimensions and reinforcement) is calculated from the loads acting on it, and the soil bearing capacity.

Often the load on the foundation of the furnace (with its large mass) differs from the load acting on the main foundation. If you run the furnace base and home in one piece, it turns out that in the place of construction of the furnace load are added, which can lead to undesirable consequences.

MasterOk (Master of "Art-master"):

- Foundations of the furnace are usually made independent, and in the case of abutting together the two soft insert bases set between them.

The simplest soft insert between two foundations may be formed of a foam plate thickness is 5 cm.

This will protect the foundation from any side loads and destructive properties of soil frost heaving. No wonder they say that a separate foundation under the stove - this folk wisdom.

If under the oven and under the house is laid a single foundation, the calculation should take into account the uneven load. And to compensate for it, in the "body" of the foundation, in the place where you plan to install the furnace, additional reinforcement is laid.

Stone furnace water heating circuit

How to get rid of one of the main disadvantages of a conventional oven - uneven warming of premises?

To do this:

1. Be integrated in the furnace heat exchanger (register) filled with water.

2. Connected to the system circulation pump, which will drive the heated water for heating - radiators or the warm floor.

This system works on the principle of solid fuel boilers and closed heating system.
Stone oven in this case also performs the function of heating water, and heating, which ensures a uniform distribution of heat through the rooms.

Vadim Kornev(Master of "Art-master"):

- The furnace with a water circuit is better to put one of the walls of the house, to facilitate wiring of the battery. Availability circulator as an expansion tank, binding. Such furnaces are safe enough if the heating element is welded professional, and in the circuit there is always water.

An interesting experience of building heating country House on the basis of a stone oven with a water circuit with our specialist portal Basil Katriychukom:

Vasile Katriychuk (User FORUMHOUSE):

- In your oven, I mounted a water tank. The total capacity of the system together with the pipes of the riser to provide 65 liters. When the furnace is fired while heated water in the tank, whereupon a circulation pump, the coolant in feedlot underfloor heating and heating radiators.

at device such a system must provide all of the security measures. For example, in case of power failure the circulation pump will stop working, and the furnace will still continue to heat the water (it is impossible to immediately extinguish the furnace). As a result, water can boil and break the tube. To avoid this, a group of security installed in the system. And in the case of boiling coolant, the excess water is discharged.

Operating pressure in the heating system is from 0.6 to 2 atmospheres. Safety group work at a pressure of 3 atmospheres.

Basil Katriychuk(User FORUMHOUSE):

- In the event of blackouts can provide a backup power supply system - the inverter or gasoline generator.

In addition to providing a warm, home furnace, water contour prepares hot water for domestic hot water. And in order not to use the stove in the summer, for the domestic hot water can be additionally put an electric boiler.

Also, the question arises whether in the house becomes dirty from running furnace and as far as one bookmark wood?

Basil Katriychuk(User FORUMHOUSE):

- Firewood oven I put the two times - day and night. Due to the large furnace in the furnace can even lay the logs. Thus, the combustion time is extended on one tab. And since the furnace is composed by all the rules, then it is very economical, does not smoke and ash must be cleaned once in three days.

Register can be set in the furnace in two ways:

1. Fit the heat exchanger in the furnace already folded. It is expensive and will have to partially disassemble the oven. Also, the volume of the coolant in the limit register furnace dimensions.

2. Design and lay down under the stove carefully designed heat exchanger. This method allows to achieve a perfect combination furnace and a register that will ensure their efficient operation.

Basil Katriychuk(User FORUMHOUSE):

- In my case, a water tank installed in the furnace through the furnace removable door.

To pull the tank at any time (e.g., for repair or prevention), between the heat exchanger walls and the walls of the furnace by a gap of 3-4 mm.

The clearance is also needed for compensation of thermal expansion of the steel heat exchanger.

Basic knowledge of fire safety standards

Furnaces and chimneys may pose a threat to combustible building structures. This will help avoid fire otstupki and cutting.

Otstupka - This fire design that protects the surface of the combustible parts of the building from the heated furnace parts and chimneys, with their parallel placement.

It is a set of safety distances and measures to protect the combustible parts of the building.

Cutting - a fire design, forming a non-combustible area, performed at the intersection of combustible parts of the building. For example, when driving through a chimney stove or interfloor overlapping walls.

According to Alexey Telegin, protection of structures against fire contribute to the following methods:

1. The use of non-combustible materials.

2. Increasing the distance from the heated furnace surfaces to flammable parts of a house in accordance with the regulations.

3. Thermal insulation of the furnace and surfaces closely spaced parts of the walls, floors, etc.

4. Shielding. From any heated body emanates radiation energy. The light spectrum of infrared radiation of high intensity can ignite combustible construction at a distance of several meters. Fireproof partitions and screens are necessary to prevent the spread of radiation. Shield protects against fire only with other protection methods, such as ventilated gap distance and heat dissipation.

5. Heat dissipation. The thermal insulation prevents heat distribution, but it is also able to store energy, which often leads to ignition of combustible construction after the completion of the furnace process. Vertical steel plate located in the cutting, "pulls" on the surface of the heat, thereby reducing the temperature inside.

6. Ventilated gaps. Through them occurs temperature decrease (heat removal rate) with heated surfaces.

7. Air permeability (permeability). The purpose of this method - to prevent the access of oxygen to the site of a possible fire.

Alexey Telegin (user FORUMHOUSE):

- Perfect protection - a structure made of fireproof materials, where all combustible components are removed to a safe distance. It should be multilayered, moderately strong to avoid collapse, but at the same time withstand fire, heat and thermal radiation even in the destruction of the walls of the furnace or the flue.

Summarizing, we can say that the stone oven, the correct approach to the design, laying and installation, can become a full-fledged heating system for a modern cottage.

How to build their own Canadian stove, can be found in this topicour forum. The basic principles of building a furnace set out right here. Ask questions about a professional can Pechnikov in this topic. Do you want to build the right brick chimney? klikayte by this link!

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