What is a pellet boilers, their characteristics and features

Despite the fact that our country - one of the largest exporters of natural gas, it is not necessary to talk about universal gasification. For many consumers, and in Moscow and in Siberia, the cheapest way of heating and now unreachable, and not a fact that will be available in the future. Therefore it is necessary to look for alternative sources of heating, good choice in this area is impressive. And in recent years the range of heating equipment has replenished interesting unit - pellet boiler. Let us dwell on this type of equipment, which will cover the following aspects:

• What is a pellet boiler heating and it works on any fuel.
• The device unit.
• Advantages and disadvantages of a pellet boiler.
• What to look for when choosing a machine.

What is a pellet boiler

In fact, this kind of solid fuel boiler, but designed for a certain type of fuel (pellets), and with the possibility of full or partial automation of the working process.

It is the ability to function autonomously with minimal interference owners pellet boilers are radically different from the usual, solid.

They have a high efficiency (coefficient of performance) - and due to the characteristics of the pellet, and due to design features. Pellet boilers can be both highly specialized - designed only for pellets, and combined (universal) - able to work on wood or coal, some models work on virtually any biomass as a fuel can be used husk, wood waste and like.

Alexander Dimitrov (company representative DOZATECH, the manufacturer of pellet boilers):

When a particular boiler design it can burn any biomass is very low calorie - is wood chips, bark, wood waste, agricultural run-off, sunflower husks and more.

Pellets, or pellets - environmentally neutral fuel, derived mainly from the waste Woodworking Industry (chips, shavings, bark), but they can be agricultural and waste cultures. Pellets appeared in the thirties of the last century, when Idaho was invented and tested the first installation by pressing into the waste pellets from local sawmills. Under strong pressure raw mass is heated, which provokes the formation of lignin, which binds the smallest particle in compact, smooth pellets. This eliminates the use of chemicals - pellets completely natural, safe in terms of ecology, fuel. The diameter of the pellets varies in the range of 6-8 mm, length - 50 mm. In European countries, pellets are standardized fuels and manufactured according to standard DIN plus.

In our country, their production is not as developed and supervised the quality of pellets, which will depend on the efficiency of the boiler and its performance, is determined visually - white is better than gray. Unlike wood pellets have decreased density and increased humidity, which is why when burning a large amount of heat and minimum amount of carbon dioxide. If we translate this property in the figures for comparison, you get the following relation - the burning of tons of pellets stand out as much heat as the combustion of 1.6 tons of firewood. Ash content will be only 0.5% of the volume of combusted and the combustion gases are allocated colorless.

Est calorific value of pellets is 5 kW / hour with a one kilogram, but as far as the real effectiveness be approximated to the theoretical data, and depends on the quality of pellets and the performance of the boiler, where they will burned.

unit device

himself pellet boiler It consists of three main components:

• Combustion - is equipped with a special burner (retort or flare) and two doors (control, waste water treatment).
• The convection zone - there is a heat exchanger: it can be vertical, horizontal or combined, tubular or plate type. The convection heating zone the heat carrier in the heat exchanger the gases evolved during burning of pellets. Most of the units are only designed for heating and have one circuit, but in some models - two circuits: heating and water heating.
• Ashpan - combustion waste fed into it (at normal afterburner minor) which are periodically removed through a cleaning door.

However, the listed sites - it is at least the main, but only part, for which the necessary console APT (automatic fuel supply). This console includes the following components:

• Bunker - container for pellets certain volume from which the pellets fed into the furnace may be internal or external.

• Screw - portionwise takes the granules to the burner when necessary, is driven gear.
• Fan - is required to maintain the combustion process, since the boiler device does not provide for a natural draft.

Since the pellet boiler - is an automated system, it also includes a device control unit with display, which displays information about the current state, and through the same basic working set options. The controller controls ignition of the burner, and air feed pellets, stopping, as it reaches the desired temperature, maintaining the selected heating mode owner.

Depending on the capacity of the hopper and the mode of filling one can suffice as a few days or a week or even more.

To make the heating process is fully automatic, the boiler can be connected directly to the repository - pnevmotruba will feed pellets into the hopper as it is empty.

Advantages and disadvantages of pellet boiler

One of the main advantages of pellet boilers - profitability, according to this indicator, they are second only to the trunk gas heating. This is connected with high-efficiency equipment, and high calorific pellets, and with their affordable price. A second aspect of attracting consumer - automation of the process. Unlike other solid fuel boilers, pellet just not in need of constant monitoring and regular hand-feeding of fuel. In aggregate, operating on diesel fuel, he wins, and in terms of sustainability - no smell and black smoke.

The main disadvantage of these units is a solid price - this is the most expensive tverdotoplivniki, cost automated stations of European production is measured in hundreds of thousands, a little cheaper than domestic. Not everyone can afford private owner of such an infusion into the heating system of the house. However, considering the durability of the equipment, which is now close to two decades, it is a wise investment in the long term.

In addition to the high cost, to the disadvantages include the volatility - equipment needs electricity, and if off for a few hours (on average up to 10) is admissible and does not bring down the settings, a longer stop boiler operation. The station must be equipped with an independent power source, even increase the cost of the system.

What to look for when choosing a unit

Despite the relative "youth" of this type tverdotoplivnikov on the market a wide range of foreign and domestic boilers. To choose the best conditions for their unit, you should pay attention to several important parameters.

Power - each manufacturer fairly wide range, including both household and industrial machines. As with any heating equipment, power is measured in kilowatts (kW), the power of domestic models starts at 15 kW. Since the space heating middle heat losses must be about 1 kW per 10 m², a boiler capable to heat a house 150 m². However, it should be borne in mind that you need a small stock pot.

efficiency - the greater the number, the more economical the heating process. At pelletnikov efficiency varies between 85-95% and depends both on the quality of the granules and on the particular design.

Alexander Dimitrov:

Pyatihodovy provides high efficiency heat exchanger boiler - it allows to obtain the maximum heat removal during the passage of gases through the convection zone to a flue.

Specialist advises to pay attention to the material from which the boiler is made, and the type of heat exchanger.

Alexander Dimitrov:

Boilers made of thick metal (6 mm and 8 mm, depending on power) - durable. The thickness of the metal affects the operation of the boiler life, it is also important - how many years will run the unit. A plate heat exchanger has advantages over the tube - it is more convenient in terms of cleaning.

Pellet boilers - a modern, environmentally friendly and cost-efficient heating equipment. At the moment, they are less in demand than the usual solid units, but in the future may well win the market because of the high quality heating and decent performance.

On our website, in the section of the forum of boiler equipment whole branch assigned Pellet boilers. No less useful and interesting articles about how to prepare for the heating season. Another embodiment of independent heating - heat pumps. In the video, the participant shares his experience of the portal installing the pellet burner with their hands.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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