Proper septic own hands
Sewerage system - one of the most important engineering systems of a country house. From its correct and trouble-free operation depends largely on the level of comfort living in the cottage. Often, novice developers, seeking to save money in a hurry to make a septic tank without proper knowledge of the absorbing capacity of the soil at the site, the level of groundwater and health standards applicable to this type of structures. As a result, a septic tank is converted into an ordinary septic tank, filled with water.
The matter is compounded by the fact that dig up the pipe or climb into the already introduced in the wells operation, filled with "black and gray water" in order to eliminate the damage or to upgrade, no one I have no desire. Only one way out - to do everything at once, as it should, from the first time, and will help you in the experience of the user with the nickname of the portal PavelTLT.
Septic own hands
PavelTLT (User FORUMHOUSE):
Septic tank made of concrete rings, I started to build in 2013, before the start of construction of the house. All planned in advance, and also took into account the exit point of the sewer pipe foundation. The first thing dug a pit for the ring size 2000h4000 mm and a depth of 3000 mm. Foundation pit dug backhoe loader.
Mechanized way pit dug for 1 hour removing 24 cu. m of soil. The cost of digging (approx.: hereinafter prices are for the years 2013-16) - 1500 rubles per 1 hour. The amount of the minimum order - 4 hours. 1:00 user has paid for the road, as the plot is from the town 15 km.
Important: Practice shows that most often on the earthworks involve profitable technique than trying to dig a pit the forces of wage workers. In order not to drive a tractor or a bulldozer several times digging a septic tank, and then the trench podgadat better way to make at once the maximum amount of work. For example, the user has ordered an excavator to dig the foundation portion and align together to dig a hole under the septic tank.
The next step - digging a trench from the house to the septic tank for laying sewer pipe "110-ing" 10 meters long.
The depth of the trench from 1400 to 1600 mm, since observed deviation of 2 cm to 1 meter tube. Also it makes a margin for leveling a sand "cushion" of 100 mm with the expectation that enters a pit in the track at a depth of 1500 mm.
PavelTLT:
Trench width of about 35 - 45 cm. Digging her 1 laborer. All it took 6 cubes of soil on which he left one day. I paid for this work of 1000 rubles. and fed working good dinner.
Then, the user bought "red" sewer pipes, intended for laying the outer part of the track that runs in the ground. It:
- Sewage pipes of 110 mm diameter and 3000 mm in length. 5 pieces. at the price of 631 rubles. 1 pcs. Total: 3155 rubles.
- Rotate 45 degrees. 2 pcs. for 69 rubles. Total: 138 rub.
- Plugs - 2 pcs. for 41 rubles. Total: 82 rubles.
- A steel pipe with a diameter of about 16 cm - "liner" for output through the sewer pipe foundation. 1 PC. length of 2500 mm. Total: 900 rub.
Having laid and installed pipes on the bottom of the trench, the user decided to make hydraulic test system before the route will be covered with soil. For this he concluded drowned sewer pipe in the trench, and a vertical outlet in the "home" filled in 5 liters of water.
As a result, the plug could not stand the pressure of the water column in the vertical section and taken off. At the second attempt PavelTLT turned end of the pipe in the trench so that the plug rested in the wall of the pit.
Again he poured into water and the conduit was to monitor the level (mirror) of water in the vertical retraction.
PavelTLT:
Due to the imbalance of the last section of the pipeline there was a small leak. Over 1 hour the water in the vertical retraction lowered from the top downwards by about several centimeters. I will finalize the site where there is a leak. In my opinion it is better to check everything than to bury the pipe at random, and then think of what happens to waste water.
Mounting rings for concrete septic tank
Septic user is a classic and well established scheme of concrete rings united in two wells connected modulations.
The first well is a sealed bottom, the second - the filter, without a bottom, to be perforated and sprinkled with gravel.
This scheme is a septic tank "works" only at a low level of groundwater and a good absorbing capacity of the soil. With a high groundwater table of the second well will soon be flooded by ground water with all the ensuing negative consequences.
This article describes, how to make the surface of the septic tank cubic containers with a high level of groundwater. According to the user said he initially wanted to buy "Gostovskaya" concrete rings. Searching, I found the following suggestions:
- concrete ring diameter 1500 mm - 3840 rub .;
- concrete ring diameter of 700 mm - 1580 rub .;
- transition cap with the ring diameter of 150 cm by 70 cm diameter ring - 3800 rub .;
- the bottom of the concrete ring - 5300 rubles.
The latter amount (the bottom of the first sealed wells) did not fit into the planned budget. Ask the manufacturer's why the bottom is so expensive, the user found that the bottom in the ring with a diameter of 1500 mm is 2000 mm in diameter. Hence the high price.
PavelTLT:
First I would like to fill in the bottom of the first well-concrete samomesom, but decided to look for more. As a result, I found "negostovskie" suited me the ring and the bottom, which makes small local production of affordable price and good quality. In the end, I bought:
- bottom diameter of 1800 mm - 1 pc. - 2400 rub .;
- Ring diameter of 1500 mm, height 900 mm - 2 pieces. - 3100 rubles .;
- Ring diameter of 1500 mm, height 600 mm - 2 pieces. - 2500 rubles .;
- Cover "15" with an opening on the ring diameter 700 mm - 2 pieces. - 2400 rub .;
- ring 700 mm in diameter, 600 mm - 4 pcs. - 1250 rubles .;
- polymer-sand hatch - 2 pcs. - 1250 rubles.
When mounting the rings of the first well plastered joints cement-sand mortar, and between the second ring (filtration) of the well insert (drainage) fragments flat stones.
The picture below shows that the pit depth of the trench and aligned, and the top ring acts as the intended value.
Mounting hatches user left "for later".
To test wells, PavelTLT, of the armature "12-ki" cooked ladder length of 3 m, on which can be down to the audit system.
The next stage - the completion of the filtration wells and hydraulic final inspection of collected sewage system.
Installation of septic tanks overflow and hydraulic testing of sewer
To create a filter "cushion" for the second pit gently sprinkled with granite rubble of fraction 5-20.
Also, the user planned to increase the filtration capacity of the second well, drilled a hole in the wall of the ring. But first, it is necessary to check the tightness of the system, as since the laying of pipes in the trench was a long time.
Hydraulic tests consist of the following steps:
- Mutes output sewer pipe stub to keep it pressurized water flew.
- We fill the upper water drainage.
- We monitor the level of the "mirror" of water.
PavelTLT:
Almost immediately I saw that the water goes. So the system is not airtight. I went to look for the leak. Well trench is not asleep.
After inspecting the pipes turned out that the water seeping from the extreme to the joint septic tank.
At the user's words, probably for mounting seal turned up. The solution - put 1 tube of greater length in order to reduce the number of joints and carefully carry out installation work.
Also PavelTLT engaged perforating the well walls. It turned out that it is a complex, long and dreary. Holes were drilled crown diameter 45 mm powerful hammer. After contact with the tooth crown in the reinforcement of its break, or punch a punt. After making a few holes on their own, the user decided to hire for this job aides, and that's what eventually happened:
- The first working for 8 hours drilled 70 holes.
- The second working for 7 hours could only drill 45 holes. Unable to keep a couple of times jammed hammer in his hands and get the tools to the head worker refused to work.
Costs:
- Wages of workers for 2 days - 2.4 thousand. rub.
- 3 broken drill bits - 1170 rubles.
Total: 115 drill holes spent 3570 rubles.
After calculations found by that perforation of the ring was 8% of the total wall area (including the gap between the two rings) at the desired minimum ratio of 10%. Calculating the required area remaining area perforation (0.24 sq. m), PavelTLT I took up the instrument himself.
Primarily by drilled holes with a diameter of 12 cm under the sewer output "110 minutes" and overflow pipe.
Then already expanded proburonnye holes, turning them into the vertical slit and, thereby, increasing the perforation area.
PavelTLT:
I have made a total of 14 slots 300 x 45 mm, a total area of 0.34 sq. m. Hence, the total perforation area is greater than 10%.
At this stage, the construction of a septic tank included in the final phase.
So, we have introduced "red-haired" sewage pipe into the septic tank.
Overflow is also made of "red" pipe.
Tees - from the gray.
At the finish the user holds the hydraulic stress test.
For this purpose, not to use the pre-compressor and the like should be muffled in septic output opening, PavelTLT mounted vertically in the building set by tube.
Total: height of water column - 1500 mm (tube-in-house) + 1500 mm vertical height input, the buried trench = 3 m = 0.3 atmosphere. This exceeds the test pressure required to test pipelines for water supply and sewerage systems made from polymeric materials by 2 times.
Water poured in the upper section of the pipe.
After waiting for about 1.5 hours, the user refilled water to the system "ustakanilos".
Filled with water sewer left for 17 hours. Water is a little left.
Taking a glass jar of capacity 1 liter, refilled by water in the pipe and on the remaining liquid amount (almost nothing left) in the bank learned how much water is gone.
PavelTLT:
Water leakage was approximately 1 liter per 15 m tube for 17 hours. It 0.065 liters per minute per kilometer of pipe at the specification of 0.6 liters, which means that 10 times less than the rated value. Hydraulic testing sewage passed!
At the completion of the user smeared all cracks and passages of pipes in wells cement-sand mortar.
When dried solution was further covered it with the waterglass.
Mounted ventilation pipe (pritochku).
Finally sprinkled with gravel seepage pit.
Buried trench and a septic tank.
Lined plot tractor.
Learn about the features of operation of the septic tank can be improvised in the topic PavelTLT"Its drainage" in the mind ". Photos from ". This article describes how, how to mount a sewer pipe and why it is needed, and this material - another septic construction of concrete rings on the improved scheme.
The video shows hassle-free water drain system for a country house.
Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.
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