Choice for home wall material. Comparison building blocks

Continued started in the previous article, the theme of the comparison of different materials when choosing a wall at home. The article is already too long, but for those who choose the material for the walls, I think, would be useful.

So, I have a picture of his house, that he should be a stone, built of blocks. Monolithic walls are not considered due to the complexity of the formwork assembly and filling and the inability to control the quality of the composition, its strength characteristics.

The walls are made of bricks, as well as from a bar - is not considered. Brick - not a quick process. Needed skill. Large flow of solution. The walls are cold with minimum thickness - you need insulation of the walls. The thick walls of 50-80 cm - is a huge overruns material.

Main my attention was paid to the building blocks. I am considering several options:

- Arbolit;

- Polystyrene;

- Claydite;

- Foam;

- porous ceramics;

- TEPLOBLOK;

- Autoclave aerated concrete.

So, in order:

1. Arbolit.

Chips, sealed with concrete. Material good for heat engineering characteristics, resistance to tensile deformation. The wall can be freely spin the screw and it will not fall out. It can be sawed special hacksaw (for aerated). But the compression of its characteristics is not so good:

At a density of 600-700 kg / m3 - strength class equal to V2,5 and comparable with gas concretes density of 500 kg / m3. It is in this class block walls strength of the material can be built 2-storey house without risk to the concrete ceilings (about them in the following articles). But with such a density arbolit already plays in the aerated concrete thermal conductivity.

Arbolita have another bad quality. It passes water through almost like a sieve. If not plastered walls inside and out immediately after the construction of walls, during driving rain water can be in the room, and get wet on the inside wall.

Many of the building of his house. In our town there is production. I even proschityval costs and manufacturing cost arbolita on their own mini-industry. There are drawings for improvised scheporeza. But the numbers have not hooked. If the market value of 4-5 thousand. / M3, its cost is lower than 3 thousand. / M3 does not work. Savings insignificant.

Another arbolita chips should be soaked chemistry preservative - calcium chloride. Otherwise, the sugar contained in the resin and wood, will go into the concrete, and destroy it. How it is possible to check with the manufacturer? The geometry of its strong swimmer. On plastering need more mixture.

2. polystyrene

Good thermal conductivity material, comparable to aerated concrete with high resistance to tensile deformation.

But at a density of, say, like the way brand aerated concrete D500 - his class of compressive strength - V2,0. And aerated concrete - V2,5. And frost all class F35:

Polystyrene does not saturate with water as a foam or aerated concrete. But this material has a three times greater shrinkage in comparison with gas concretes: 1mm / m. Very low water vapor permeability - block almost not breathing.

Despite the fact that the composition of the material flammable foam block itself does not burn and does not break away from open flame. Burn foam beads from the surface and in depth the temperature rise of the flame does not extend.

3. expanded clay lightweight concrete

A material with good strength characteristics. But because of the density of at least 700 kg / m3 (with an average of 1000 kg / m3) - high thermal conductivity. It must necessarily insulate or make a wall thickness of one meter.

Houses out of it is not a lot, has not received wide acceptance in our area. Produce small garage manufacturing, quality (and specifications) which are very difficult to verify in the product.

4. foam concrete

Inexpensive material, very similar in appearance to the aerated concrete. Only the color is darker. At the beginning of the study materials I wondered why, in almost the same structure with gas concretes - they have different costs and features?

Class compressive strength at a density of 600 kg / m3 at V2,5 foam - like aerated concrete such as at a density of 500 kg / m3. The difference is small, and the cost is lower by almost 2 times. It turns out that almost all the foam produced in small productions.

The porous structure in the material is obtained due to the organic foam. The pores in this material open. For this reason, the foam block stronger absorbs water.

But the main drawback of the foam block - huge value shrinkage: 2.3 mm / m. I watched the video, where the hosts talked about this material in already built houses. And almost all complained about the cracks in the walls after plaster. Those. foam block can not be plastered in the early years. For this reason, the material was also postponed.

5. porous ceramics

A leading manufacturer of wall material - from Germany, TM Porotherm. A factory in Russia, but on the European side. In Krasnoyarsk, have the dealer. A significant share of the cost of the material is logistics.

Clinker brick, and even aerated - warm enough material. Moreover, as I explained at the construction exhibition of their representatives - of the clay chips are introduced. They burn upon firing and micropores are formed, increasing the thermal insulation characteristics. I did not check this fact.

Of blocks it is very easy to fold the wall. Only a thin horizontal seam from solution. Vertical - of tongue and groove system.

But there are significant drawbacks and this material (other than price):

- design of the house must be calculated by the total size of the blocks. Cut can not be - they cleave to form an open interior cavity.

- fix the plug in such material - is also a problem. Even the anchors for aerated concrete are not kept.

- mandatory after plastering construction, otherwise the walls are blown.

6. I also did not consider the ordinary PGS blocks.

The people called cinder blocks. Blocks too heavy with a high thermal conductivity. The house of these blocks can not be enough to warm even layer of insulation to 10cm. Of these blocks can be built for sale in our climate for summer residence, garage or fence.

But the market is still here such combined PGS blocks with insulation:

Although the total thickness of them is sufficient at first sight, but most of the load on the indoor unit perceives. And its small width for concrete slabs. On the Internet, came across photos of the destroyed houses, the walls of which did not survive the floor slabs. For this reason, the wall unit was also struck off my list.

7. autoclaved aerated concrete

Aerated concrete made from a mixture of fine silica sand (or powder) with water to Portland cement adding a small amount of aluminum powder (foaming agent), and caustic soda (regulator gassing). The mixture was poured into molds and it rises as the dough. Next, cut into blocks and sent into the autoclave, which at elevated temperature and pressure, an intensive growth of crystals of calcium silicate. When this material is rapidly gaining high strength.

Because autoclaving aerated different in strength from the foam.

Comparison aerated characteristics with other materials, is given below:

When D400-500 density aerated has V2,5 strength class. Shrinkage: 0.3 mm / m - like a brick. Its almost none. The thermal conductivity is almost like wood. The water vapor permeability higher than that of bricks - walls breathe. Frost resistance - up to 100 cycles. Hygroscopicity is less than that of a brick. Stack blocks can be a thin layer of adhesive (minimum thickness cold bridges), or in general on the adhesive foam (complete absence of cold bridges).

The characteristics of this material outperforms all others. Developers only positive reviews about it. Reading blocks of complaints about the geometry of some manufacturers (due saws worn in factories). But in any case, the surface of each row is overwritten before laying him next. According to reviews, with wall thickness of 400 m and the density of D500 - quite comfortable heating costs. And even at warming the house, the cost of this article is not reduced by more than 10%. Many people in the early years did not even plastered outside aerated.

Another plus for me - it is an opportunity at any time to freeze the construction site, without prejudice to the masonry. Blocks I have raised the value of the concrete slab on the tape. From below without getting wet. The perimeter of masonry covered in autumn and be quiet. With a log cabin made of logs, for example, will not work. There will need to box and build a roof for the season. Upper beam without the roof when wet and drying can be bent, to "screw" as they say.

There are some minuses in aerated concrete:

- fragility of blocks (should be a solid foundation), afraid of bending deformations;

- the use of special anchors for fixing of anything on the walls.

Cons are not so fundamental. Although, I know that they scare away a lot of developers. Perhaps it is their due to the fact that they just have not figured out the characteristics of aerated concrete.

My choice was made in favor of autoclaved aerated concrete.

Krasnoyarsk no plant for its production. Surrounding Novosibirsk (Cbits) and aerated Baikalsky (Irkutsk). The most optimal - is to buy a truck delivery to the place, saving on small delivery truck with a dealer warehouse.

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If I'm heading somewhere wrong - correct... I'm not a narrow specialist, this information is just my opinion.

Read more: Types of floors for your home. Why I abandoned wooden beams !?

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