Building a country house in the winter

It is believed that to create a house in winter - a very thankless occupation. This opinion is shared by almost all experts in the field. Cold, fetter the hands freezing in the freezing wind solutions and building materials - all too familiar to those who faced similar. After all, in reality often it fails to avoid this and many faced with the fact that construction is not stopped, and severe frosts. The reasons for this may be many, for example, stipulated and not subject to changes in deadlines house in operation. Then wait for the arrival of warm weather just does not make sense, because you can not manage to pass the house on time. Then you need to determine in advance whether the actual construction of the house in winter.

It is worth noting that in the harsh realities of our state low temperatures prevail for at least five long months (November to March) and the costs of wages and salaries will be even more, given that this industry is so well paid and squeezes a lot of finance from the pockets of customers. It is one of the reasons that engineers are always looking for ways not to hinder the construction of the house in winter.

It should be noted that the construction of the house in winter is spent a lot of both physical and financial resources. It plays an important role and thorough process followed there, because it affects the strength of the house under construction. True, in recent years the average temperature of the winter months is slightly higher than before, and sometimes there are windows with positive temperatures. But when the temperature drops to -15 degrees should take special care during construction. When the thermometer shows more than 20 degrees below zero, the construction work should stop immediately.

Many experienced construction firms during the early conclusion of the work contract stipulate that when the temperature drops below a certain threshold, all the works on the construction of the house stopped.

But the construction of the house in winter has several important advantages, which told the world Vladimir Shulgin. If you really need to carry out construction in the winter time, it is worth to hire a team that has experience in the construction of houses is in the winter. Otherwise, possible minor errors and omissions, which in the future can lead to sometimes irreparable consequences. Especially in winter, the construction work is almost are not kept, and can significantly save on wages, since those wishing to work in the off-season is always a lot. When non-compliance with any conditions can be easily changed to another brigade, more cunning and quickness. After the erection of frame during the winter months by the summer we can start finishing work, and therefore the time spent on the construction of the building will be much smaller. Building a house in winter is very good for the soil, which froze, can not be such a strain on the construction machinery as in the summer months.

Preparation for construction in winter

If you've finally decided that the construction of homes should begin it in the winter, it is necessary to make a series of preparatory operations.

• Firstly, it is worth about an object to build a small heated room in which workers can stay warm, relax and change into work clothes.
• Secondly, in view of the short duration of daylight should take care of artificial light the construction site.
• Thirdly, the area of ​​the working area should obtyanut protective film that will protect from the winter snow and gusts of cold wind. In combination with a heat gun is slightly raise the air temperature. Before the start of construction of the house is not necessary to hurry up and remove the snow from the area, because it It helps at least a little to protect the soil from freezing and reduces time spent on digging pit for foundation.

Of course, the laying of the cornerstone in the cold seems pure adventure, but this option is quite feasible, if all exploration on an object (setting properties of the soil and groundwater levels) were performed before cold period.

Building a house in the winter requires a number of additional steps, for example, the ground prior to the start of work needs to be warmed by a variety of fires. And, you can throughout the next house to pitch a tent and heat it with a heat gun. After all the land will be removed from the excavation work can be done and sub-zero temperatures. Frozen ground in this case will serve as a natural formwork for concrete poured into it in which add special additives, which is why the concrete in the winter price increases by a good quarter value.

Choosing antimoroznyh mixes for cement and concrete is quite diverse on the market today. And in addition a number of experts argue that if the foundation of the house is made in winter, but in future it will be less subject to shifts in the soil, which reduces the likelihood of warping of the building and increases the reliability of completed structure.

Features of the solution during the winter construction

When the positive temperature, the compound of cement with water occurs due to the interaction of particles. Initially, a so-called gel that hardens, turns to stone. Mortar hardens due to conversion into calcium hydroxide crystals, and also because of evaporation of the liquid and the carbonation lime. The rate of this process depends on the temperature of the solution. For example, at a temperature dvadtsatigradusnoy this process occurs four times faster than five degrees. cement setting at zero temperature stops completely. The culprit for this is the water, or rather the ice in which it develops. A ice is known to react with the cement does not enter. By freezing the water expands in volume by about 10%, by destroying the structure of this concrete and cement. The above procedure solution strength diminishing.

There are several ways to combat this problem. For example, a special antifreeze additives (mentioned above). But they must strictly according to the recipe. When using the additive in the composition of the solution can continue to work up until the temperature falls below 15 degrees. These plasticizers are used for solid work, self-leveling floors and road surfaces. All this allows you to continue to build a house in winter without heating the solution if the temperature does not fall below the limit. Plasticizers increase the strength and water resistance of concrete structures.

Plasticizer additives used by those who carry out home building in winter, are liquid beige or brown. Flow rate of addition is about 2-5% of the total weight of cement and concrete. For example, per 100 kilograms of solution requires no more than 5 liters plasticizer. The composition of a solution thereof is administered after the pre-mixed plasticizing with water.

Before the start of construction work is usually the solution is heated. Corridor optimum temperature ranges 4 +... + 60 degrees. Now, similar operations are performed with the aid of electric current - is immersed in a solution of special electrodes, and further a technical matter. Despite the large expenditure of energy required temperature is reached within 15 minutes. After laying concrete cover waterproofing and insulating materials that prevent heat loss. Among such materials include roofing felt and polyethylene. It is also possible for this purpose to apply the mineral wool in the form of rolls in the construction of the house in winter.

Bricklaying winter

Building a house in winter always goes side by side with rubble or masonry. In this case also need the use of solutions with antimoroznymi additives. During the winter months the composition of concrete solution and the process of hardening needs constant supervision. To do this, leave the brickwork special socket with plugs. Then they are removed from their pockets, but instead they are inserted thermometers in which measurements are performed on the surface temperature and laying inside it.

Working with plasticizers do not forget about safety precautions. After addition of inherently - a solution of inorganic solvents coupled with mineral salts. It is explosion-proof and fireproof. He did not even toxic, does not emit harmful fumes. But plasticizers cause irritation of the eyes and breath. Therefore, when working with such substances should wear respirators, rubber gloves and clothing. After contact with antifreeze additive particles immediately flush this place a large volume of water.

In the winter months, bricklaying is done in two ways: by a thermos and method of electric heating.

Let us consider separately each of the methods of laying.

1. Laying method thermos. It is based on the preservation of both the heat of heated material in the masonry, and the heat released during cooling of the concrete. To use this method you need to initially clear the bricks from the snow and ice, and concrete prepared by using warmed components immediately after installation is covered to keep warm. This is done to match a predetermined temperature in the calculations and provide design reliability. To accelerate hardening apply preheating the mixture and special chemical additives which allow to use building material without preheating.

2. Laying method using electric heating. Before using the stone is cleaned of snow and ice. The temperature of the mixture should be below 10 degrees before heating. For this purpose, rod electrodes, which are attached to the inner side of the formwork. In the compulsorily excluded the probability of freezing concrete at the base of masonry. Stacking previously laid along the joint should be heated and protected from freezing up until concrete has gained considerable strength. For this purpose insulation.

It should be borne in mind that careful monitoring of the mixture in the winter for its compliance.

Construction of wooden houses in winter

The construction of a wooden house in the winter, in contrast to the block, not affected by many factors. Also it does not require a lot of preparation. In winter you can spend laying log or roofing. All this is possible thanks to the special properties of wood. During the winter months in the wood it contains much less moisture than in the summer. In addition, during the winter building it does not evaporate and is frozen. Due to the fact that this process is uniformly, and reduced pressure on the foundation also decreases gradually. In mid-spring of this process is completely suspended and smoothes possible cracks.

In addition, during the summer, in addition to timber moisture can be met and all living creatures. Spores, larvae, fungi and other parasites just did seize timber. Therefore, the construction of a house in winter has obvious advantages. For example, the fungus in the cold is no longer feared, because it dies from cold temperatures. In addition, dry timber, are completely frozen out until the last drops of liquid are not afraid of getting a fungus. But on the other hand in the winter months the wood becomes more brittle and fragile, so it is desirable to all carpentry work aside, or simply to minimize them. In an extreme case, it is possible to collect the necessary elements of the pre-made product factory.

But the situation is quite different when roofing. And then it interferes with personal safety considerations. In winter, on the roof structure is often formed on the rafters of ice, which greatly hinder the implementation of roofing. Therefore, the work from the roof at this time is better to stop, because it is always better to wait a few days than lose your life.

Also it is worth to remember that when working with the materials used for the roof, a number of restrictions thermal nature. With flexible roofing materials, and these include ondulin, roofing shingles and should only be operated at a temperature of -15 degrees and above. Otherwise, they might just break from the cold. On the other hand with building materials such as a slate, metal or ceramic tiles can be run at any time of year, even in the most severe frosts.