A backup source of electricity for summer cottages and houses from the battery. Build a constructor or buy a kit?

Everyone faced a power outage: in an apartment, in a village, in a country house or in a suburban village. And when it comes to a backup source of electricity, many people have images of solar panels or wind turbines. I wrote about the reason for their almost complete absence in our strip and the reasons here

These are not efficient, although autonomous sources of electricity on 90% of the territory of Russia and, accordingly, are not recouped.

Let's talk about chemical sources of electricity accumulation, about batteries (accumulators). Which of them is the best to use for your purposes. You can even save money by not buying them. Here's an example:

If you are related to a service center for the repair of computer equipment, then you should have accumulated a decent amount of battery cells from laptop batteries. Often they use 18650 series cells. The fact is that not all elements lose their capacity or fail. You can test them, discard the lost capacity, and use the whole ones. This is what some masters do (second slide) - they collect energy storage devices for 15-30 kW * h and even more.

For example, a battery from Elon Musk, Powerwall accumulates only 13.5 kWh of electricity. And it costs 7000 $ with installation and inverter. But they use all the same finger elements there. On aliexpress, high-quality cells of the 18650 series cost about 100 rubles / piece.

To convert the battery voltage to 220V, you need an inverter from 12V or 24V to 220V with a 50Hz sine wave. There are many offers on the market now:

More details...

Buy with a power reserve, read reviews. It happens that Chinese manufacturers are cunning and reduce the nominal power or give out the peak power of the inverter for the nominal (as in acoustics).

In order not to recharge such a battery, protection is needed. You can learn more about this, and about how to make an energy storage device from finger elements, in this video:

The video description contains links to the electronics itself.

To automatically switch to a backup power source, you need an automatic phase switch, for example, PF-441-16A 3x230V:

But this automation is optional. At first, everything can be done on machines: they disconnected the building from the power line and connected it to the inverter.

What to do if it is not possible to collect batteries from finger batteries? Then we purchase a battery for autonomous lighting systems. Necessarily one that is not afraid of deep discharges and with a number of working cycles of at least 2400-3000. The choice for today is huge. And also different prices. For example, one of the latest models and advanced developments:

Lead-acid carbon battery KRCF 12-170. This model is second only to the lithium-iron polymer battery. Service life is not less than 15 years. 2400 discharge-charge cycles, 170 Ah. Of course, the battery is not afraid of deep discharge. But the price for such a model is from 36 thousand. rub. While such products are too expensive. It will be optimal to focus on traction gel batteries:

They have less active work cycles, but the price does not bite so much. Price: 4990 rubles. costs 37 Ah. RUB 7600 - 45Ah. And for 150 Ah you will have to pay already 21 thousand. rub. For a set of batteries in order to get more power, the project becomes too expensive. And then you can look towards the gas generator for backup power. If the average cost of a gas generator is 10-15 thous. (1.5-2 kW of electrical power), then the project for the battery should be lower. But this is unlikely to work.

Usually, the scheme with a battery is chosen by the owner of houses with heating boilers. Automatic boilers for coal or pellets require forced air supply. A gas boiler also needs a UPS:

For a gas boiler, an inverter with a capacity of 500-600 W is enough. Two batteries with a total capacity of 150-200 Ah will only last for three hours. And the gas boiler needs a quick transition to a UPS equal to milliseconds. And not all inverters are capable of this. If you need a reliable proven system with a guarantee from the supplier organization, you can purchase ready-made projects:

If you do not have a gas boiler, then you can use the scheme with automatic start of the gas generator. The cost will be lower, but there are also disadvantages: exhaust gas removal, noise. But about this scheme - in the next article ...

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Photos are taken from open sources, from Yandex. Pictures

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