Construction errors. We study other people's examples. Part 2
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Someone else's example, obvious mistakes are always indicative and, when studying them, they warn against their mistakes. I propose to look at several regular cases and discuss what was done wrong.
IN this article I wrote about metal-wood beams for floors and rafter systems. When preparing the material, the following photos came across:
What is wrong with these construction examples? The beams that are mounted along the structure are not located in this way. They are calculated with a strictly vertical installation. And in the photographs - at an angle to the surface of the earth. With this arrangement, their bearing capacity decreases sharply and there is a risk that they will not withstand under snow load. In fact, only the ridge beam works. And using them with such incorrect installation is a waste of time and money.
Of course, ideally one should consider the projections of the forces applied to them, since the load from the rafter system during deflection is applied to them as along the rib. But taking into account gravity, the force vector shifts and the beam leaves the calculated load field.
It is possible that the builders in these examples were reinsured, because above is a classic roof truss system mounted.
Aerated concrete garage. Why couldn't the first row of PShchS blocks be brought out even approximately horizontally, by eye? You would not have to suffer with the laying in the future, put wedges under the difference in the rows of aerated concrete. It is surprising that this whole structure did not crack from deformations in the masonry. There may be cracks, but the seams are covered.
It is not for nothing that there are legends that every team that came to the site calls the previous builders (who worked here before them), to put it mildly, not smart people. Because everyone is responsible only for their own scope of work. It's the same here. Those who made the wiring are far from the strength of materials in monolithic reinforced concrete structures. It is strictly forbidden to destroy the monolithic reinforced concrete bearing support. And the very laying of hollow bricks leaves much to be desired.
Conclusion: do not leave the object unattended, control every step of the builders, especially unskilled ones.
Mistakes also occur in large design organizations. The builders have nothing to do with it. Why did you make such a complex project of the road through the railway tracks? What can be assumed to justify this project?
I will explain why they made such inconvenient steps. The fact is that the stairs are very steep ascent and descent. The steps are hidden under each other. If, when climbing straight steps, you can somehow step on with an almost full area of the foot, then when descending - only with heels. For this, the master (the owner of the house) made the steps' depth reduction in a checkerboard pattern. Descent turns out to be more comfortable with alternate rearrangement of legs on each wide step.
Although this example is not a mistake in the construction of the staircase itself (a forced measure), it is a mistake in the design of a house or summer cottage. Although, in a limited area of the first floor - it may be the best solution.
The ants are bred in the insulation, in the EPS (XPS). This video is by no means an anti-XPS ad. This is the first time I've seen such an example. Here you need to understand. Maybe this is a special kind of ants like termites or something was added to the insulation that attracted them. What do you think?
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