How to make a garage from foam blocks
Everyone can build a garage, for this you do not need to have a special education. But before starting work, a drawing is needed, where all dimensions will be indicated, on which exact place the building will be located. The next thing you have to do is decide what materials you will build with. The easiest materials to work with are concrete and several types of blocks. They are easy to work with, and the attached photo tutorials will help to clearly explain the stages of construction.
The proposed garage project has:
- Foundation. This project involves the use of hollow concrete blocks, concrete and various fittings. You can do without them by completing the classic version of the foundation of formwork, crushed stone and concrete.
- Floors. They can be made in the form of a monolithic slab with mesh reinforcement or using ready-made reinforced concrete slabs.
- Monolith walls and belt. We use foam blocks for walls, but the last row is made of reinforcement, hollow blocks and concrete. It is necessary to strengthen the structure.
- Shed roof with a slight slope, made of roofing felt. Although the roof may be gable or have a slope on the side, but in this embodiment it has a slope from the front of the building to the back.
Read also Shed garage: construction technology
We build the foundation
We start building a garage with markings. To do this, the contour of the structure is divided in the selected area.
You can perform the markup yourself or by inviting a specialist - a surveyor. Next, you can begin to prepare a trench under the base of the garage. It can be dug by hand or use the services of an excavator.
Read also How to build a frame garage with your own hands
For, a waterproofing film is laid at the bottom of the trench. It will help keep the soil from possible collapse.
Read also Strip foundation
The foundation is easier to build from hollow blocks with reinforcement of the inside with reinforcement. The voids are filled with concrete, which includes fine gravel.
Read also Garage: what should its roof be covered with?
The voids between the blocks and the ground are filled and compacted. It is better to do this in layers, and compaction is done with a pneumatic rammer.
Read also Sandwich panel garage
Making the garage floor
Before pouring the floors, it is necessary to fill in a layer of rubble, at least ten centimeters thick. It should be borne in mind that the thicker the layer of rubble, the stronger the floors will be.
Read also Do-it-yourself garage on the site
For better waterproofing, it is necessary to lay insulating material on the rubble. It can be a film or a special waterproofing. The edges are pressed down with formwork, about half a meter high, located along the perimeter of the foundation. For reliable fixation of the formwork, wedges and spacers are used.
A monolithic slab must be reinforced with a mesh of 200x200 mm. The height of the structure must be at least 20 cm. For the mesh, reinforcement from ten to twelve millimeters is used. If you use thinner reinforcement, then the design may turn out to be unreliable, and the plate will begin to deform under the weight of the car.
Read also Floor in the garage: how to choose the best flooring
Read also How to maintain a concrete floor in a garage
To maintain the distance between the reinforcing mesh, space frames are used. Under the lowest grid it is necessary to lay a stand. It will provide a protective layer to a height of up to twenty centimeters.
If you plan to bring any communications to the garage, you must lay the pipes in advance.
After that, you can start pouring concrete. An internal vibrator is required to level the top layer.
We build the walls of the garage
After a few days, as soon as the concrete sets, you can start building walls. It is faster and easier to build them from foam blocks. Even a novice builder will master their installation.
Before the construction of the walls, waterproofing is laid on the slab. It can be roofing material or any other material. The width of the material should be ten centimeters wider than the wall itself.
When mounting the blocks, a special glue is used. For the reliability of the design, the seams are tied. During construction, the structure must be checked with a plumb line.
Read also 34 practical tips for building a garage and landscaping
Do not forget about the openings for windows and gates that the garage should have. Be sure to leave a hole for the installation of ventilation. If grills are not installed, then gas will accumulate in the garage when the car engine is running.
The uppermost row is assembled from blocks with additional reinforcement and concreting to create a concrete belt, which is necessary for reliable fixation of the roof base.
Building a roof
Wooden beams are installed on the concrete belt at a distance of half a meter from each other. An insulating material is placed under each beam. To ensure a slope, it is necessary to mount linings of various thicknesses under the beams - the thickest one is laid in the front of the garage, at the end - linings are not installed.
The resulting empty space between the wooden beams is filled with foam blocks.
From above, a wooden flooring is mounted along the beams. Thanks to the lining, it will turn out with a slight slope to the back of the building. A vapor barrier is laid on top of the flooring.
Installation of gates and windows
The next step will be the installation of windows, garage doors. They can be whatever you like. For this, it is better to invite specialists.
After that, the doors are installed. Use metal doors to protect property.
Read also Lighting in the garage: we approach the decision carefully
Parapet and roof insulation
A parapet of foam concrete blocks is mounted along the long walls of the garage and from its front. The height of the structure must be at least twenty centimeters.
The roof is covered with built-up roofing material. For reliability, we use two layers. In order for precipitation to freely roll down the roof without getting inside the room, the material is laid across with the launch on the parapet of the structure.
Use of foam
Window, door and gate openings are foamed. This will help to securely fix windows and gates, doors, as well as remove cracks. After it dries, the excess is removed with a sharp knife.
Carrying out garage finishing
The next step is rough plaster. It is carried out on a pre-primed surface with cement mortar. To prevent the corners from crumbling, they are pre-strengthened with perforated corners.
To protect windows and doors from the solution, they must be covered with a film.
Read also Insulating garage doors
Shutdown
After the rough plaster has dried, the final layer of finish is applied. For this, paint or any other material can be used.
Inside the garage, you can perform any finish at your discretion by laying electrical wiring and other communications, shelving in advance. Do not forget about the installation of the access road.