It created a three-phase AC transmission system

All we are so accustomed to electricity, which sometimes do not even notice its presence. Do you know who was behind the creation of this system? Say Nikola Tesla? Of course, it has a direct bearing on the AC, but not one he made history - a three-phase system has created a great Russian scientist M. ABOUT. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. The history of what I want to tell you.

A bit about the scientist

Mikhail Osipovich was born on January 2, 1862 in St. Petersburg. In school years he took an active interest in physics, chemistry and their practical use.

IN 1878, the future scientist became a student at the Riga Polytechnic Institute, but in 1881 he expelled for 'revolutionary views "without the right to receive higher education in Russia.

And sent to complete higher education in Germany, namely in the city of Darmstadt in the Higher Technical School. Where a well-stocked Electrical Laboratory was established at that time.

IN 1881 he became a student of the school, where he observes Professor E. Kettler, who was a lecturer at this institution of higher education and taught electrical engineering course.

It attracts Dolivo-Dobrovolsky to work in the laboratory, where the student carries out a number of successful and original works and actively published in specialized journals.

IN 1884 he successfully graduated from college and remains there as an assistant of the department "Electrical Engineering", but soon became head of this department. But it never for a moment ceases to joint experiments with Kettler in the laboratory.

IN 1887 the young specialist is invited as an engineer in the company AEG (then a subsidiary corporation of Edison).

After some time, work-Dolivo Dobrovolskogo focused on transmission technique on distance.

transmission problems

The first transmission of electricity over a distance was performed in 1873 at the international exhibition in Vienna plant engineer Z. Gram I. Fongenom. In this transmission line has a length of only 1000 meters and it energizes the motor.

A similar series of transmission of electricity over a distance complied Russian engineer F. Pirotsky in 1874-1875 years. He experimented with line length and the perform transmission distance from 200 meters to 1 km. But low voltage and a small section wires led to enormous losses.

To reduce the Pirotsky decided to transmit electricity along the rails. Since the transfer of the tracks on the site Sestroretsk branches near St. Petersburg was carried out in 1876. Loss certainly decreased, and the experiment is in fact became the birth of electric traction cars.

An essential step in the development of power transmission was the proposal of M. Despres increase the voltage in order to reduce losses and to demonstrate practical work his ideas fulfilled energy transfer at a distance of 57 km at an international exhibition in Munich, which took place in 1882 year. In this case, the line voltage of 2,000 volts.

Just at this time, it broke the so-called "war of currents" (about which you can read on the channel, the link is at the end of the article).

It was at this time a huge number of engineers struggled to create extended and at the same time efficient power lines and AC motors with high rates. And truly ingenious invention was made Dolivo-Dobrovolsky.

great invention

Already chief electrician of the company AEG Dolivo-Dobrovolsky all his spare time to devote to this issue and engaged in the restructuring of the machine DC to AC generator, and finally I found a truly ingenious solution, which he described as in his Entries:

"... .I attacked the idea to make a branch from three equidistant points anchor DC. It appeared as a three-phase current of... "

In other words, the scientist formulated the idea of ​​a three-phase alternating current system.

Now we have to convince the whole world that the three-phase system for the future.

Implementation of a three-phase system

The company's management has met the talented staff and it was decided to demonstrate the operation of such a system at the international exhibition in Frankfurt in 1891. It was decided to carry out the enormous distance (for the time), and it is 170 km.

Supervisor was appointed himself Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. And as soon as possible has been designed and constructed induction motor (100 hp. c) and three-phase transformers (100 -. 150 kV-A).

Thus LEP was calculated on the voltage of 25 kV. Besides the construction of the line itself, which also participated company "Erlikop", it was designed to protect the system in the fusible link.

Emerging challenges were overcome thanks to the decisions that were literally on his knees. But the main obstacle was the fear of local residents before the tall pillars, which adorned skulls image.

It was an active outreach committee, but the most convincing argument was to demonstrate protection works immediately after installation and commissioning.

After the voltage has been artificially broken wire and then a bright flash Dolivo-Dobrovol'skii approached personally picked up and broken wire together.

And August 25, 1891 on the line have been successfully powered more than 1000 lamps, which is powered by hydropower.

And on August 26 successfully launched a motor that worked all the work of the exhibition and provide a decorative waterfall.

It was the launch of the line is considered to be a triumph of the three-phase alternating current system and its creation has brought international fame to the great Russian scientist Mikhail Osipovich.

Read more details about the current war here. And if you liked this article, then vote it Like and repost. Thanks for reading till the end!