Existing types of solder and their properties

If you have just started your hard way in the development of electronics, the navryatli wondered what types of solder, there are and how they differ. As they say, the main thing that had something to solder.

Often used the most common type of PIC - 61 or the POS - 60. In the most extreme cases, can even collect solder stale obsolete PCBs served their device.

Still, between different brands of the solder is a significant difference, and you just have to be understood in any case preferable to use one or another form.

What is the solder

Solder - a metal alloy with the addition of all possible impurities, which achieves the required: melting point, hardness, flowability, etc...

Existing types of solder

Types of solder can be divided into two major subtypes:

1. Fusible (soft).

2. Refractory (hard).

Soft solders are used in most cases to carry out repairs of all kinds of electronic circuit board radio. And the highest temperatures of the melting solder is a maximum of 450 degrees.

The most common type of solder - a pic - Solder Tin - Lead. Then, the following figures in the brand product specified percentage of a metal such as tin. That is, if a PIC before you - 40, it means that the solder contains 40% tin and 60% lead. If the brand POS - 61, in front of you where the solder 61% tin and 39% lead.

It is good when the brand products available, but often in front of us is just a piece of solder uncertain brand. In this case, perform a rough estimate of its composition it is possible for external signs and mind, namely:

- PIC usually has a melting temperature lying in the range from 183 to 265 degrees.

- Look at the solder. If he has a strong metallic luster, it is likely, in front of you at least PIC - 60 with a high tin content. And, accordingly, the reverse situation, when solder matte color, it contains high levels of lead.

- bend the solder. After all, if a lot of solder lead, rod 8 mm thick is easy to bend (probably a PIC before you - 30).

In turn, the tin metal is strong enough and its high content of rod is tough enough.

Where solder is used, brand POS

Now let's look at the major brands and their application:

1. PIC - 90 (Tin 90%, Lead 10%). Such solder used during the repair of utensils for eating and various medical equipment.

2. PIC - 40 (SN 40%, PB 60%). Widely used in the repair of electrical equipment and components for a variety of galvanized iron. It is also used to restore the operating state of the radiators and copper (brass) pipelines.

3. PIC - 30 (Tin 30%, Lead 70%). Suitable for use in the cable industry and for soldering and tinning sheet zinc.

4. PIC - 60 (containing 60% SN and 40% PB). It is used for soldering electronics boards. This core solder for any radio fan, so to speak workhorse craft lovers. Such solder begins to melt at a temperature of 183 degrees Celsius, and its full melting temperature equal to 190 degrees.

But in PIC - 30, PIC - 40 and PIC - 90 Melting temperature lies in the range from 220 to 265 degrees Celsius. It is important to understand that such temperature for many radioactive elements is the maximum allowed, so all our POS -60.

Note. PIC PIC-61 and -60 virtually no difference, so will be regarded as one type of solder.

Excellent zabugornye analog -61 PIC is Sn63Pb37 (SN 63% lead and 37%).

Appearance

Often, the solder is implemented in the coils or tubes.

When this wire has a different diameter. Now more and more popular combination when a flux is included in the composition of the solder (flux filled in the central cavity of the tube solder).

This form factor has proven its effectiveness and ease of use.

Separately I want to highlight the brand solder Posse (yes, do not laugh there is such) and it stands as a tin-lead solder with antimony. This solder is perfect for soldering galvanized products, is actively used for soldering of automobile chains and repair of refrigeration equipment.

As you probably already realized from the table a solder perfectly replaces the PIC - 61. In addition, there is also a MSRP 95-5 solder, where there is no lead, in principle, Tin - Antimony 95% - 5%. The melting point of the brazing material lies in the range of 234-240 degrees Celsius.

Solders with low-temperature parameters

If you have a card that uses the most sensitive components to overheat, the above-mentioned types of solder, you mess up completely rather a product that would fix it. For such cases established low-temperature solders. And the most refractory of these:

Poskim-50-18 (SN -50%, cadmium - 18%, 32% - PB). Cadmium adds wear resistance to corrosion, but does solder toxic.

But the most popular among the majority of electronics uses a special alloy ROSE (WWTP-50). It consists of a SN of 25%, PB 25% bismuth and 50%. The main purpose - soldering of copper and brass components. And this is an excellent alloy for tinning newly created PCB.

It is also widely used in the fuses.

In the conclusion of my opus would like to say a few words on the solder paste, which are used for soldering CMD elements and leadless chip packages in the DGA.

This substance consists of tiny balls Sn62Pb36Ag2 alloy (SN 62%, PB AG 36% and 2%) and bezotmyvochnogo flux. Such a substance in the air dries quickly and is therefore stored in tubes.

This paste is used for the complex repair, such as phones and should simply indecent expensive because of the silver content.

Solder reel I buy here.

That's all I wanted to tell the solder and its forms. If you have mastered the wall of text, and you liked it, then put his finger up, sharing the articles in the social. networks, and subscribe!