What rules are violated most often PUE and how responsibility for these violations

PUE - is in some sense "Bible" energy, which spelled out all the rules and regulations for building a secure network. But, unfortunately, very often there are violations of these rules in order to save money, simplify, and implement everything on his knee. Usually this leads to a rather unfortunate consequences. In this article I will discuss the most common violations of the EMP and that what is responsible for these violations.

Common violations of the SAE

Compound twisting wires

Perhaps the most common disorder is to perform wiring in the junction box by ordinary twist. But if we are open PUE, namely paragraph 2.1.21, there is clearly stated that.:

You can see for yourself that there is no twisting is not in sight. But the problem is that the twist is good only at the beginning, and during subsequent operation of the place compound will be periodically subjected to thermal expansion, which would weaken connection. This will increase the transition resistance, and it will warm up even more twist. Well, there is not far to the fire.

Junction boxes walled

Rare landlord agrees to leave in full view of the cover from the junction box and in most cases it is quite simply walled up, and it can be hidden only in certain cases.

According to paragraph 2.1.23, the junction and branching of wires must be easily accessible for inspection and possible repair.

But if you still intend to hide the boxes, then the wires have to be connected only: soldering, welding or crimping. These requirements are recorded in paragraph 526.3 GOST 50571.5.52-2011.

Connecting the ground loop

Open Chapter 1.7, and we find there the information that is necessary to ensure the continuity of the protective conductor, and paragraph 1.7.122 can see the following:

This means that the connection of the protective conductor loop is prohibited.

The cable channel is filled completely

Very often cable channels stuffing as many wires as vlezut, and this is a direct path to overheating and fire.

Thus, according to SEP, paragraph 2.1.61, the following is written: the wires in boxes must be placed so that the sum of their cross-sections mandatory taking into account the insulation does not exceed 35% of the box-section, and for skirting boards and cable channels with opening covers not It exceeds 40%.

Improper connections and ground zero

In our networks put into home runs two conductors (phase and neutral) or four wires (three phases and zero), that is used TN-C system. But according to the SAE p.7.1.13, domestic premises should be carried out on the systems TN-S or the TN-C-S.

TN-S system, you will not be able to implement, as it is the prerogative of the network. But to realize the TN-C-S is quite real.

For this PEN conductor again grounded at the input, and the separation process occurs on PE and N. Thus the further connection of the conductors (after separation) is prohibited. Details about the proper division of PEN conductor is written in this article.

Color marking does not correspond to conventional standard

Paragraph 1.1.29-30 conductors must be marked according to the requirements of GOST 50462.

But in practice, the connection can be found any.

Compound aluminum and copper without transitional terminals

Stranding aluminum wires and copper without using transient terminal block is strictly forbidden, as these metals have different potential and under direct the flow of electric current at the point of contact of the electrolysis process is run, and this leads to destruction of the space connection.

If you want to make a connection, it is necessary to use special terminals, sleeves or bolt connection.

Who is responsible for violations

After all electrical work (at the new facility) employee Rostekhnadzor check all the technical documentation and the quality of the work done to meet the requirements of the SAE, GOST, and the joint venture. If all is well, that constitutes an act of admission to the electrical work. If the revealed violations, the act of prescription-drawn, which specifies all the violations. Once they are removed, a new scan will be performed.

In this case, if the connection capacity in private homes does not exceed 15 kW, no checking is done, then there is a gate that you want.

Responsibility of legal entities, private entrepreneurs and enterprises

For a given list of persons provided for both administrative and criminal liability for the following articles:

Article 9.11 of the Administrative Code

Article 143 of the Criminal Code "Violation of safety rules in the case of damage to health in great shape."

Article 219 of the Criminal Code

As you can see, individuals are not liable, but that does not mean that the house wiring is necessary to carry out anyhow as long as it was. PUE Rules are written for a reason, and they accounted for a sad experience. Therefore, if you post your own or hire a team, then make sure that all the work carried out in strict accordance with the rules and you will be happy! Thanks for attention!