As for the external transmission line voltage to determine the type of class

An experienced electrician at a glance voltage power line passing grade, and this article will be of no use to him. And the simple reader may ask, why should I? The answer is simple: for your own safety. After all, situations in life are different, and suddenly, while walking or fishing (hunting), you will be close to power lines. And here just useful skills a safe distance to the overhead line of different voltage class.

Clearance according regulations

Turning to the technical documentation, namely the Rules on safety in the operation of electrical installations (amended by Order of Ministry of Labor of Russia dated 19.02.2016 №74n) in the publication can be found under the table number "1", which clearly states the distance to the live electrical parts that are under voltage.

Thus, the allowable distance seems to be all clear, now it is necessary to understand what class line voltage before you.

Determination of the number of conductors and insulators

0.4 kV overhead

The simplest and most obvious way is to determine the voltage insulators used type. So let's start with power lines with the lowest voltage of 0.4 kV (400 volts). Such lines you will find in any city, town, hamlet, village, village, and so on. E., Where there is light.

Insulators (always pin type) of the overhead line and the smallest are either made of porcelain or of clear glass. In this case, the number of wires on the support of at least 4, in some cases (when using the same poles prokinut street lighting line) wires may be more.

Just now actively using SIP (self-supporting insulated wire) and with him 0.4 kV transmission line looks like this:

6-10 kV

So, the next voltage class 6-10 kV power lines are, visual signs to distinguish them is impossible, so we consider them too together. Here isolators (also male) is much larger than in the case of 0.4 kW, and the swivel bearing can already be found suspended insulators. Material of glass and porcelain. And these pillars you'll see all three wires.

The allowable distance of the wires is 0.6 meters.

Often, in order to save, you can meet the joint suspension wires of 0.4 kV and 10 kV, and it looks like this:

Wherein such line protection zone is 10 meters

35 kV overhead line

At 35 kV overhead lines already in the ground suspension insulators are used (but you can find and pin, but the large size) in the number of 3-5 pieces in a garland. Number of wires - three for each phase of a single wire. Such lines have rarely go directly into the city, they mostly end at the node (or deadlock) substations. Distances to live parts as well is 0.6 meters.

Protected zone of 15 meters.

HVL - 110 kV

In these types of overhead line used exclusively suspension insulators, which are collected in a garland in an amount of 6 pieces. Minimum distance of 1 meter.

Protected zone of 20 meters.

VL - 150 kV

The number of suspended insulators in one garland still 8-9 pieces. The minimum distance of 1.5 meters.

HVL -220 kV

220 kV transmission line may have significant structural differences, the number of insulators 10 to 40 pieces (20 pieces in the same group). But at the same phase at the same voltage is always transmitted over a single wire. Protective zone line is 25 meters, the minimum distance of 2 meters.

Thus, the high-voltage lines, in which one phase is passed over a single wire, left behind, now the number of conductors per phase will increase.

HVL - 330 kV

In this case, the number of insulators begins in one garland of 14 pieces, and each have two phase conductors. When this security zone overhead is increased to 30 meters, the minimum distance is 3.5 meters

HVL - 500 kV

20 suspension insulators in one garland, each phase is split into three conductors, a security zone is increased to 30 meters

HVL - 750 kV

In one garland is already insulators 20, and each split phase or a 4 or 5 wires and they are connected to the square or ring. Security zone is already equal to 40 meters, and the minimum distance of 5 meters already.

In Russia, there is also a line 1150 kV

In no other country does not have a high-voltage line on a truly enormous pressure. In this case, only one phase is split into eight conductors.

Note. Since Russia vast country and in different climates (and also economic) zones using different engineering solutions, you can not only by the number of insulators at 100% be sure voltage class of one or another line.

conclusion

That's all I wanted to tell you how in appearance to determine the voltage class of the HV line. I just want to add from myself, "It does not matter which line is in front of you 35 or 750 kV remember one thing, the farther you are from the line the more you safe."

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