Choosing a wall material for the construction of a stone house

Many developers believe that the House should be under the permanent stone. After a building is traditionally associated with the reliability and thoroughness. No wonder they say: "like a stone wall."

But what kind of material selected for the construction of such facilities? Aerated concrete, brick, large-format porous blocks?

To decide, you need to know the answers to the following questions:

• What are the features of the stone house.
• What is common in houses built of aerated concrete, ceramics and warm brick.
• What is included in the construction costs of a stone wall.
• What problems are possible in the construction of houses of ordinary solid brick.
• What material is better to retain heat in the house.
• What are the features of a warm gas concrete and ceramics.

To understand, from which to build a stone house, you first need to figure out what is different from the other houses, what requirements it must meet.

The stone house is characterized by:

• Strength and durability.
• The variety of architectural forms and attractive appearance.
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• High thermal inertia. Good protoplenny stone house retains heat for a long time, but for a long time warming up. Therefore, it makes no sense to build a stone house for rare raids - on weekends.
• A high degree of sound insulation. The massive, heavy structures are well quenched all sounds both outside and inside. Therefore, the overlap of the second floor in a stone house is better to go on the wooden joists and use the RC-slabs or monolithic structures.
• High load-bearing capacity. This allows you to place on the second floor of a stone house swimming pools, billiard room, gym, etc.
• A large variety of options for finishing stone house walls.

Most often, brick houses are built of such materials:

• brick;
• aerated concrete;
• foam;
• large format aerated unit (warm ceramics).

Each of these materials has its own, unique to his properties. These properties determine the characteristics of the future home construction costs and its continued operation.

Learn everything you can about the features of foamhere.

For example, a simple brick - the so called Civil material that is familiar to all. The technology of its styling is well developed, and the properties have been well studied. But in recent years more and more popular become better wall materials - aerated warm and ceramics.

So what kind of material selected for the construction of the walls of a stone house? This question is traditionally among the top ten most popular online FORUMHOUSE.

Denis Anisimov (Marketing Director of the Upper brickworks)

Different wall materials have different properties, but they serve the same purpose: they need to build a strong, warm and comfortable house for residence. Each material has both advantages and certain disadvantages, so a clear answer to this question.

Practice shows that there are no ideal of building materials that are suitable for any conditions and projects. Besides, the positive qualities of any building material can be negated by its application illiterate. And the flaws committed enough skilled workers should not be regarded as a lack of material.

For example, aerated concrete or masonry warm ceramics instead of adhesive cement-sand mortar leads to the appearance of thick seams and accordingly cold bridges. It negates all the advantages of these materials. Instead, warm and reliable developer box gets windswept and freeze construction at the seams. The result: higher costs for heating, costly rework, the need to invest additional funds in the purchase of heaters. If from the very beginning of the construction of a stone house has been followed right technology, this could have been avoided.

Edward Gallyamov (Director of "Aerated Ekostroy"):

Often, and builders, and customers find that you can save on glue and put the blocks on the conventional cement. But in fact it is impossible to save, as the cement mortar to make a thickness of less than 1 cm is almost impossible. As a result, the seam between the blocks is obtained in 1-1.5 cm. Accordingly, the flow rate is 5 times of the solution increases.

Another common question - what wall material is more advantageous (eg, concrete or ceramics warm) in terms of the cost of construction? It is impossible to assess the benefit of a wall material, simply by comparing the price of 1m3. The cost of 1 square meter of the wall is necessary to lay: delivery, masons work, the cost of masonry mortars, necessary tools, etc. I.e the totality of all the factors that are largely dependent on the area of ​​construction, the presence of certain construction and production capacities, climatic conditions.

Denis Anisimov:

Building a house for permanent residence costs several million rubles. Of this amount, the cost of wall materials, as a rule, do not exceed 20%. As regards the specific costs, it is possible, for example, based on the cost of 1 m3 of masonry. Cube-quality aerated concrete costs about 3500 rubles. Cube ceramic blocks - about 4000 rubles. Cu double ceramic brick - 3000 rubles. If we add to this the amounts of glue costs for aerated concrete, masonry mortar for ceramic blocks and double bricks and insulation bricks for a double, we will come out about the same indicators: 4500 - 5000 rubles.

Therefore, when choosing the material for stone houses need to think in advance about the optimal thickness of the walls. This will determine the need for additional insulation. Often more profitable to lay down a wall of greater thickness of the stone house and thereby save on a heater than to build a house with thin walls and then insulate it.

Different materials have different coefficients of thermal resistance. SNiP and SP are the recommended resistance performance heat transfer wall construction. From these indicators is a start in assessing the need for additional insulation walls.

The fact is it profitable to build in our climatic conditions, energy-efficient house, tells in this article.

How to estimate the necessary wall thickness in relation to our operating conditions of a stone house?

Denis Anisimov

There is a very simple formula, which gives even and rough, but the result is clear: it is necessary to divide the wall thickness (in meters) on the thermal conductivity of the material (decimal fraction, typically between 0,10-0,30), from which it built. If, for example, for the Moscow region, the resulting figure is lower than 2.5-3, it means that the wall is better to insulate. If the indicator is higher than 3.13, then the wall in line with current recommendations for thermal efficiency.

Andrey Egorov (Head of sales department of the company "Red Square"):

According to statistics, through the building envelope (i.e. wall) is not more than 30% of heat losses of the building. The rest of the losses coming through windows, doors, and especially the roof.

The warmest variant construction of a wall of large format ceramic block - is to take unit thickness of 51 cm and further insulate it. So do in Germany. But in the real unit thickness of 38 cm + facing brick (12 cm) longer suitable for building in our weather conditions.

Accordingly, by increasing the wall thickness up to 44 cm and 51 cm is obtained more energy efficient construction.

GOST, the thickness of the outer wall must be 500 mm, so 51 minutes ceramic block needs no insulation with any method of lining. 44th and 38th blocks, provided with brick lining facial also do not require additional insulation.

Of particular large-format ceramic blocks read in this article.

Edward Gallyamov

According to the requirements SNIP for central Russia without additional warming sufficiently aerated concrete wall thickness is 400 mm (D500 aerated plaster). But wall built from blocks 300 mm wide, especially if the blocks are laid on mortar requires mandatory insulation is not less than 50 mm.

What material to prefer to build a stone house?

Let's say a developer has a choice of three materials - warm ceramics, a simple brick and aerated concrete. What to prefer? To make the right choice, you need to understand the key characteristics of these materials. First, consider a simple brick. Should I build a house out of it?

Andrej Egorov:

Full-bodied brick building already technologically outdated. Because of the small-format bricks at masonry wall 4 times spent more time and consumed 35% more solution.

If we compare prices on the material, the solid bricks 15 (the equivalent of one of the ceramic block 51) are cheaper 1 block warm ceramic. But counting the cost of construction of 1 square meter of the wall, it is necessary to consider not only the material, but also a solution, and the time spent masons. In this case - advantageous to construct from warm ceramic.

Build a stone house of large-format blocks - aerated, warm ceramics - easier than from small materials. It increases the speed of work saving solution, the compound of groove-ridge increases manufacturability masonry minimized presence of cracks.

Due to the internal structure of large format ceramic block and the absence of vertical seams House built out of this material, it turns warm, cut the cost of heating, the solution flow rate decreases when laying. Walls made of ceramic blocks, smooth, and thus reduced to the interior trim costs.

Denis Anisimov:

In the current situation of construction it is not necessary to erect the exterior walls of solid brick houses. Such a brick high strength, but thermal conductivity is so high that in order to have at least roughly correspond to specifications of thermal efficiency, it is necessary to erect a wall thickness of about 1 meter

The best use for solid bricks - is the construction of internal partitions between rooms. At corpulent ceramic brick of very high heat capacity: the wall of this material, he warmed up, long stays warm. Also suitable for brick plinths device.

There is still an ordinary slit (or void) brick. Its thermal conductivity is lower than that of solid bricks, and from it is already possible to erect the exterior walls with the subsequent warming. Private brick is single, one and a half and a double. The larger format, so it is more economical: less spent solution masonry is carried out faster.

Aerated concrete blocks also deserve attention of developers who decided to build a stone house.

Edward Gallyamov:

Most often, D500 blocks are used in the construction of aerated concrete building. block size - 600h300h200 or 625h300h250. This unit is lightweight, easy to work with him, but the wall thickness of 300 mm is insufficient, it must also be warm, so now apply block size 625h400h250 D500.

Also erected wall thickness and 500 mm (to increase thermal efficiency) - from 625h500h250 block. But this unit hard, uncomfortable working with him. Therefore it is possible to do so: making a masonry unit 2 200 + 300 mm, with extensibility seams. This clutch is easier to level on the inside and outside. Additionally, there is an additional barrier to heat transfer.

Aerated concrete blocks have a precise geometric dimensions of +/- 2 mm. This allows the clutch blocks on the adhesive. The thickness of the masonry joints thus amounts to 4 mm. The wall is obtained smooth, greatly reducing the cost of its further plastering. Well aerated concrete block can be easily cut and processed.

An important factor in costs and expenses during the construction - it trim the walls of a stone house. It is necessary to think in advance what and how they finish.

Denis Anisimov

In terms of decoration, there are no fundamental differences: a warm aerated concrete or ceramic. Blocks equally easy plastered, veneered brick and other materials.

Plastering a little less effort requires a wall of high-quality aerated concrete, because, thanks the specifics of production, this material deviation from the nominal size less than the ceramic blocks or brick. So, it turns out the wall evenly. On the other hand, in lining brick flexible connection (necessary for combining the carrier with front wall) is easier to lay a thicker seams, which are characteristic for ceramics.

If we compare the aerated warm and ceramics, there are many similarities in the principle of working with these materials. Blocks convenient for builders. They are quite big and light, have a good geometry. Laying is carried out easily and quickly. But not every mason knows how to work with these materials. Hence - the distrust of these blocks as everything new. There are also attempts to put the blocks "in their own way." Hence - the marriage during the construction of the wall, damage the material, a large amount of waste. Meanwhile, the stacking technology and aerated with warm ceramics already worked through, there are standard components. The main thing - stick Album of technical solutions.

It should also be remembered that the house of aerated concrete, as well as houses of brick and ceramic blocks, rather heavy, so require a thorough approach to the foundation. There are cases when due to errors in the design and the foundation for the stone house walls crack later. The developer blames the material. Keep in mind that safe ground under stone house - a pledge of his long and trouble-free operation.

A significant advantage of the warm ceramics is its high strength and, as a result, bearing capacity.

Andrej Egorov:

Brand strength porous ceramic blocks - M150. This means that do not require reinforcing ties overlapping the first and second floors. On ceramic blocks can be relied floor slab - it saves time and money.

With regard to the aerated concrete, it is often the question arises, whether necessarily to arrange Laying nets before laying the slabs?

Edward Gallyamov:

Concrete block has a sufficiently high compressive strength, but poorly resistant to bending and stretching. Therefore, every 4 rows masonry concrete blocks is recommended to reinforce masonry or reinforcement mesh. It is particularly important to reinforce the ranks of the window openings and doors, to strengthen particularly stressful place and distribute the point load.

Produced D500 Q3.5 aerated concrete block strength. Such high strength enough for laying slabs without additional Laying nets. But there are some limitations that are associated with the various elements of construction of the walls. Point load in a particularly intense elements should not exceed 0.7 Kg / cm2. Such elements can be extreme blocks in the gaps of the walls, support columns of openings and edges of large window openings. Therefore, if the project house has large window openings or small carrying racks, most all of these elements will have to make an extra Laying nets, while renouncing all concreting perimeter.

Durability aerated D500 - V3,5 - allows to build homes to 3 floors without additional reinforcement walls. About building myths associated with concrete, detailed account in this article.

Summarizing, we can say that every household and individual conditions of construction. The choice of wall material depends on the specific conditions of use, design decisions and requirements of the stone house builder. Detailed recommendations for the selection of the most popular wall materials presented in this article.

The process of building a stone house "in one hand" - from foundation to roof - says here. What to choose: concrete, gas silicate or foam? The answer readers FORUMHOUSE find here. The theme of the construction of the house of warm ceramics available this link. Ask questions related to the construction of stone houses, you can here. How to reduce the cost and improve the construction quality of the house of aerated concrete, tells here. IN this video look like in 6 months to build a house of aerated concrete for permanent residence. Personal experience of building the house of the warm ceramics presented in this video.

Discuss the article and read other materials devoted to country life you can on the websiteFORUMHOUSE.

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