What do we know about the electron

Hello dear subscribers and visitors of my channel! In this article I want to touch on a very complex and important issue for the whole of modern science and to speculate: What is the electron, and that we know about him?

Interesting? Then Sit back and let's get started.

What are you, an electron?

Electrons. We are with you still at school say that this is an elementary particle (ie, indivisible), and she like mad revolves around the nucleus of an atom, just like the planets revolve around the sun. But is it really?

The scientific world is still as it adheres to the classics, because all of the most ultra-modern equipment still failed to capture the elusive electron. On the first subatomic particle discovered in the 1890s, often write that the discovery made in 1897 by scientists E. Wiechert and George. J.. Thomson.

So what are the properties of electrons are known at the moment?

Electronic has a mass

An electron has a mass, it is so small that, for example, in chemistry it does not take into account, but the physics of this important parameter:

1. Electron weighs about 0,000548579909067(14) (9)(2) amu.

2. The electron mass is 1/1838 of the lightest weight of the existing atoms - the hydrogen atom.

3. The energy which is contained in the electron mass equal to 511 0.000 GeV. It is about 200,000 times more energy than a photon carries one green.

An electron has an electric charge

Electronic has an electric charge, and it follows that it exerts interaction both electric and magnetic fields. In this case the charge of a single electron is given by:

The size

In fact, the exact size of the electron is still unknown. It can be dimensionless point charge or have a substantially small size. Thus produced computing offers used to estimate the radius of the electron

But these dimensions as relative, because even though the electron and is called a particle, it also has wave properties. And as the sound wave from the tom-tom occupies the entire volume of the room, and the electrons in the atom is as if the entire volume of the atom.

This so-called contextual dimension, that is, if you come off the electron from the atom and put it in a closed space (the surrounding context change), or its size is reduced, or else increase.

But contextual size can not be smaller than the inner dimension. Numerous laboratory studies have not possible to determine the real size of the electron (the calculated value have written above). But how far the electron is distributed in the form of waves, depends entirely on the context.

Spin

Among the amazing quantum world is the unique fact (which was opened in 1920 Goudsmit and Uhlenbeck) - elementary particles are able to rotate at the same time, without having even size. It is practically impossible to imagine, but it is a fact.

Electrons, like many other particles just like miniature tops. If such a top body will absorb larger, then the body will start to rotate slowly.

But this is not all the strangeness. As was explained each of the types of particles has the same rotation speed! In this case the electron smallest (non-zero) rotational speed is equal.

Magnetism

The ball, which has an electric charge but still rotating, it is nothing like a magnet, and since the electron has a charge and spin, it also behaves like a tiny magnet. Let take a very ordinary magnet.

He acquires their properties due to the fact that an incredible number of electrons whose spins are synchronized, creating a huge magnet from countless small. By the way that electrons behave like magnets, indirectly indicate the fact that the electrons rotate.

And are there any electrons or a fiction?

Here is a famous photograph, made back in 1932, which show a very thin bubble trail.

Particle with a charge, forced through a cloud chamber. As a result of the passage of the particles of the body are formed tiny bubbles which rapidly increase in size, thereby forming a track that and managed to photograph.

A deviation of the particle is caused by the direct influence of the magnetic field. Sealed bend in the photo indicated that the particle has passed a positron (the antiparticle of the electron, which has exactly the same charge as the electron, with the sign "+" only). Other elements in the photo - the artifacts and film defects.

The very same electron, unlike the molecules and atoms (who have learned to photograph with the help of special microscopes), and failed to impress so far. Partly because there is still no more sensitive equipment, ultra-small and able to discern the elusive electron.

elementary particle research do not stop for a minute and possibly in the near future, we you will see the first real image of an elusive and perhaps the most important building block of our Universe.

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