Route the cables underground way

Laying electrical communications - an important stage arrangement suburban area. One can argue about which way - air or underground - is more appropriate: the first approach, if laid cable a few meters long, with him less effort, and the cable will not hurt accidentally, performing any work. The second - a more aesthetically pleasing, it is best used when the distance from the pole to the house, or if a significant need to establish a system of exterior lighting.

In any case, to put the cable in the ground correctly, it is necessary to know the features of the site, and strictly abide by the rules and safety regulations. Forum member "Home and cottage" KM described in detail the process and gave valuable advice.

Step-by-step instruction

First you need to select and mark territoryWhere the cable will be laid and installed support for street lighting. The path of the cable must not lie closer than one meter from large trees, it should avoid crossing with other cables and places increased the load on the ground: car parks, golf arrival sewage truck, etc. Such places should be bypassed, not saving on length cable.

After application markup embarking excavation of trenches. Its depth should be at least 70 cm, in view of the pillow - it is better to 80 cm. Dig a trench must be free from solid objects that can damage the cable jacket: glass, stones, iron. At this stage perform the installation of outdoor lighting poles.

Further make a sand pillowUsing the cheapest, pit sand. It is important to make sure that the pillow was not less than 5 cm (ideally - 10 cm) and fill the bottom of the trench.

In the next step finished cable. Cabinet recommends for small sections and capacity to use the power cable VVG, for medium and large - Armored with galvanized steel tapes, flame retardant AVBbShv. Also suitable more expensive armored copper cable VBbShv.

Carefully check the integrity of the outer sheath of the cableUsing the megger or a digital multimeter with ohmmeter (suitable for cables with vinyl-coated wire). Make lived conductive insulation between them, and in case of reservation - and with it.

After checking Megger sure to remove the charge from the cable connecting between a conductor and armor, and hooked it all to the ground. Removal spend charge, taking precautions against electric shock using a rubber mat, gloves, boots, in the presence of a partner, etc.

Cable protection pipes and cases. You can do without it, but only in places where there is no threat of damage to the cable. Cabinet recommends the use of HDPE gofroshlang over which to put cases - for those areas where there were large solid objects, as well as next to the trees, field crossing the track crossing routes pressurized gas pipes, etc. Split housings can be made from asbestos cement pipes, cutting them lengthwise into two half-cylinder. They put on the cable and connect, for example, an adhesive tape.

On the cable is better to clothe the street not in a plastic corrugated (it will collapse in a year or two), and lay in the double-walled pipe NOVO series of HDPE, the IP 55 during the descent of the support. Inside the house is better to lay the cable in the pipe RIG series of self-extinguishing PVC, IP 55.

Pass the cable trench so that he lay not tautly and freely in waves. Draw the cable layout, measure the distance before it exits from the house, the road twists and turns, to mark on the walls of the house points, over which the cable enters the ground.

Pour sand Cable with a layer thickness of 10 cm, please note that the cable does not protrude from it. Pour top soil (15 cm), tamp down.

Route the signal band so that it was the middle of the cable. If you used a one-sided tape, make sure that the warning label is on top all over the track.

Fill the trench completelyBy making a small mound: the soil over time, will settle a bit. In conclusion, once again measure the resistance of the cable insulation, test for a short lived among themselves and armor, and ground fault. If there is a problem, all the work you need to rewrite.

Useful tips:

• for laying in the ground, do not use cables SPAP and KG;
• If you are using armored cable, ground his armor;
• the distance between two or more cables, located in the same trench, must be at least 10 cm;
• Route the cable whole pieces, if this is impossible - do not clutch (without experience is not reliably obtained), and above-ground junction box;
• if the cable is laid parallel to the foundation of the house, the distance between them should be not less than 60 cm below the foundation cable can not be carried out;
• laying a new cable, make sure that the distance between it and the previously laid was not less than 15 cm, wherein both cable housings should wear a distance of one meter in each direction from the place of crossing;
• if you need to run a cable under the roots of a large tree, which is impossible to get around, dig with both sides of it the pit, drive under the roots of asbestos or metal pipe and lay cable her;
• Do not use your own cables are AABL and others with paper insulation maslopropitannoy because work with them requires no special skills: at the ends of the cables required to set the end of cutting, check them only megger;
• to lead the cable out of the house, in the basement drilled hole into which put the so-called mortgage - cut steel tube 10 cm long and with a diameter of 2-3 times the cable diameter. Mortgage to build into the foundation, it is inserted into the cable and do waterproofing, for example, a construction foam;
• the ground wire of the cable post for two meters in steel pipe - for mechanical protection;
• if the cable is in the tube below the freezing depth paving, it is not necessary to mount it, if higher - better secure the pipe so that it is not squeezed out to the surface or not severed.

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