WWII era buildings. Dugout.

Nearing a memorable day for our homeland - May 9 - Victory Day! And the next series of articles, I would like to dedicate a military fortification and buildings.

And I'll start with perhaps the dugouts. What is the shelter?
Word dugout came to us from the French word "blindage "-" to cover Screens ". Dugout - a permanent or temporary underground structure to protect against machine gun, artillery, mortar fire, and for the rest soldiers and officers.

By design, the dugout is a fortification and reminds framework that fully zaglublon the ground. Such strategically important buildings have tried to make the most invisible, as they are often located: headquarters, a hospital, ammunition, communication center, the commanders.

Built shelters are always out of scrap materials. According to the shelters of logs and with loose ground in the forest. In some cases, in the dugout envisaged hearing or viewing windows, but it worsened their protective properties. Just put in some chimney and stove. Dugout doorway located to the rear part.

Depending on the purpose of the shelter in a position necessary furniture, made of the same material at hand.

Dugout enters the trench system and thus got its location on a level with trenches. quite impossible to fire, because it is completely buried in the ground structure, no windows or embrasures often did not have it out of the dugout.

Capacity standard bunker 4-8 people (4-6 people lying and sitting 2 people). Constructive bunkers was different (bezvrubochnye structure, shield structure, tent structures, etc..). Also the materials from which the collected bunker may be different.

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