Wiring diagrams spotlights 12 V and 220 V
Using the decoration of ceilings and for a more attractive appearance, are increasingly used point sources of light. And in its technical design, they can be powered by a standard voltage of 220 volts and from a safe 12 volts. In this article we will look at both options principal wiring diagram and learn in what cases is a particular kind of spotlight.
Where 220 is used, and where 12
Safe voltage of 12 volts can be used absolutely everywhere, so only from an economic point of view, this is not quite correct. So in this case you will need to purchase an additional step-down transformer 220 is 12 volts, and if you expected to fairly a large number of lighting elements and is supposed to split into groups, then each will need to install a separate step-down transformer.
Therefore, the recommended low-voltage lamps used in areas such as: private bathroom, or a viewing hole in your garage.
But the lamps 220 Volt perfectly suited for the bedroom, hallway, kitchen, etc...
connection scheme 220
So you've decided, for example, make the lighting in the room. And while you assumed all but one group of lighting. In this case, the circuit in the three-wire networks parallel connection would look like this:
There are two versions of the parallel connection of luminaires, namely:
1. Ray. This is when the lamp comes on every single vehicle.
2. train. In this case, the first illumination unit enters phase and zero, from the first to the second cable goes separate piece and so in order. This means that in addition to the last source of light to all the other there are two pieces of cable.
Let's explore these options in more detail.
beam connection
This parallel connection method is considered the most effective. For the reason, if you fails one of the lamps, it is not lit it, and all the others work fine.
The disadvantages are a higher flow rate of the cable, as well as the necessity of a compound at a single point of a considerable number of phase conductors.
And if the flow rate of the cable is inherently stuff, here's durable connection - a difficult task, but solvable. To do this, we are with you is enough to use a terminal block or special Vago connector.
With the help of specialized Vago connector this connection is very simple to perform. Main to purchase the model for parallel connection and preferably with a pasty filling. This, of course, expensive, but reliably and simply.
So, of course, you can twist these wires, but then be sure to perform welding.
Connect train
Stub compound mainly used in such an embodiment, when a fairly large number of fixtures must save and wire.
The disadvantage of this method of connection is the fact that in case of failure of one lamp will not burn all the "tail" of lighting fixtures, going after it.
But to identify the faulty light bulb is easier: it is damaged one onaya comes immediately after normal working.
For the two groups of lighting scheme will look like
Schematic wiring diagram equivalent is suitable for all kinds of parallel connection.
connection scheme 12
So, you need to do is to connect 12 volt lamps. To this end, a mandatory need to buy a step-down transformer 220/12 V.
It is set after the switch as close as possible to the fixtures.
The power transformer is selected by 25-30% more than the total capacity of all the lamps in the lighting group. For example, you have a total of 6 points at 6 watts each (in the example considered LED lamp). We find that the total load is equal to 36 watts, add to this figure of 25% of the stock, and we see that we need to purchase the trans minimum power of 45 watts.
When broken down lighting groups acquire a separate transformer for each of them. Wiring plan with transformers on the two groups is as follows
The disadvantage of these schemes is that if you come down transformer, the whole group will be broken. The ideal way out of this is to connect each individual lamp trance.
In this case, circuit transformers themselves are connected in parallel, and only the output terminals trans planted lamp. It is the most expensive way of all possible options. But at the same time if the lamp burns out, not only it is on, all the rest will be in operation.
wire Size
Since we consider the case of a 12-volt power supply, it means that the current will be relatively high values that will lead to more heat and the loss in the wires. Therefore, when connecting the fixtures to 12 must take into account the length and cross section of the supply wires after walking trance.
To use the table, you need to know the current. To do this, divide the output voltage. For example, 6 connect lamps, each rated at 12 volts. It turns out: 5 * 12/12 = 5 Amps.
Choose a nearby larger value in the table and see that at this current, we can use a cable and a half square to the line length up to 7.4 meters.
This calculation is valid for a connection stub, if you beam layout, the calculation for each lamp separately.
That's all I wanted to tell you about the options luminaires connection schemes 12 and 220 volts. I hope my article was useful to you. Thanks for attention.
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