Seven construction errors - simple to the complex

Unpreparedness and haste in the construction of houses often give rise to numerous construction errors. How to avoid it, and most importantly, is it possible to refute the assertion that the first house built for the enemy? The answer is simple - you need to listen to the advice of our experts and users forumhouse.ru!

From our material you will learn the answers to the following questions:

• Where should begin the right building?
• Why is it important to make a home project?
• How to avoid protracted?
• Why is it necessary to examine the soil on the site?
• What mistakes arise during the construction of the foundation, and what it might lead?
• What a mistake admit developers at warming the house more often?
• How to avoid common mistakes in selecting a material for roofing?

Error 1. Construction of the project without

Many novice developers think that building a house begins with the selection of the first liked the model project. Practice shows that it is deeply misleading - requires an individual project, taking into account your requirements exactly.

Denis Reznichenkoprofessional builder

Based on my experience, I can say that most developers are trying to select a project in appearance - beautiful facade or just a picture. It is fundamentally wrong!

Your home must first invent, and based on the desire to draw layout.

Then - submit all the rooms and facilities up to the arrangement of furniture, and mentally walk through it.

So you can cut off most of the errors associated with a functional home.

Individual project at home saves money, time, and gives a guarantee of a result as close as possible to your needs.

Novel Nikon (for construction Consultant)

 There are four main errors that occur in the initial phase:

image error. It is related to the fact that has not made a final decision, which wants to build a house builder. For example, first we decided to build a house made of lumber on a light foundation, and come to understand that I want to build a stone house in the process of construction. And for that you need a different - a more solid foundation. The result - wasted money.

error compromise - occurs when a family fails to agree, which house all need. For example: the husband wants a big house, and his wife - a cozy family nest. The result - if you take the path of least resistance and "whittle down" the wishes of all family members, you get home, do not suit everyone.

Error organization. House - is a complex engineering structure, for the construction of which requires expertise. Any error made at the design stage, resulting in costly rework. Conclusion: if you do not have enough personal knowledge necessary to address to experts.

Financial mistakes. errors at this stage (no attempt to build a project and therefore no estimate) lead to long-term construction, abandoned, or "frozen" for an indefinite period of construction projects.

Roman Nikonov

In my opinion, the construction of his house - it's not worth doing "a last effort." You must carefully plan your expenses... Bringing professional architects makes sense when the cost of the house, from 2 million. rubles. Designers - when the house appeared carrying concrete structures, bridges, or when the house is "out" for the sum of 3-4 million. rubles excluding trim.

Construction of the house, from concept to completion, rarely takes less than one year, and more often - 2-3 years. The cost of "boxes" on average is about 50% of the value of the house "turnkey". The cost of engineering systems, interior and exterior finishing mat can easily exceed the cost of the box.

It is also necessary to calculate the pre-operation cost of the house and lay the additional funds for the system to ensure the comfort of living.

These include:

• heating costs;
• installation costs of electricity and gas;
• costs of drilling or digging wells;
• septic installation costs;
• the cost of landscaping.

Roman Nikonov

The consequence of such unrecorded expenses are unfinished house, the house, which, due to lack of funds for continued construction sell or rebuild, trying to get closer to his dream.

Avoid these errors can only be carefully weighed in advance all the "pros" and "cons." You must ensure that the construction of his house - it's not a fad, but a careful and informed choices, based on a sober calculation.

Error 2. Wrong choice of area of ​​the house

After a preliminary draft approved by the next question is: what should be the area of ​​the house? It would seem easy - take the size of an ordinary apartment and increase it by adding the area. That's just how to increase? It is here that there is one of the most common mistakes.

The result - a huge construction of two-, three-storey house, part of which is not used space, or an attempt to shrink everything that is possible in a small space. Then it turns out that for a comfortable stay are missing what some 10-15 sq.m. What to do?

Estimating the size of the premises, should adhere to the following values:

• living room - 20-25 square meters. m;
• kitchen - 15-20 square meters. m;
• bedroom - 15-20 sq.m.

If you plan to build a kitchen and dining area, the area can be increased up to 20-25 square meters. m.

It is important to remember that the house - it's not flat, and for a comfortable stay should immediately schedule a technical and auxiliary facilities, such as:

• boiler room;
• pantry;
• tambour.

The area of ​​these premises will largely determine the project at home, and even the presence of communications. For example, the minimum size of gas boiler on existing standards should be - 15 m3 or 6 sq.m.

At the halls, corridors and bathrooms need to add another 25-35 square meter. Number of outbuildings should ideally be equal to the number of living rooms. In practice, this proportion usually is 5/3 in favor of the apartments. The result is that for a family consisting of 4 persons, a necessary area of ​​the house will be about 125-150 square meters. m.

This figure is not a dogma, and it should only be guided.

Listen to the advice of members of the forum.

Melafon

When planning the home immediately recommend to lay an extra bathroom, bathroom to the bedroom. The two-storey house should be a minimum of two toilets.

irusya8

In our house has three floors and three showers. The project laid the house shower size 2.15 x 2.25 m. Initially, we thought that this size is enough.

Now, after the completion of construction, it became clear that in such a small room not really place the toilet, the sink, do not install the washing machine.

Even before the construction of the house, think about what you will be in different rooms.

WC and bathroom are best designed as two different premises. It is also necessary to avoid the many small rooms, connected by a long corridor.

Yulyasha

When we built two stories, we realized that the corridor could have been done already, but now nothing to alter. Therefore it is necessary to think ten times over the layout!

Error 3. Improper location of the house on the plot

It is believed that the ideal ratio of the area of ​​the house to the size of the site - 1/10. Therefore, it is not necessary to build a house of 200 sq.m. in the area of ​​6-8 acres.

It is also necessary to imagine how the house "tied" to the site. After all the mistakes made at this stage, it is practically impossible to correct.

For example, SNIP be put house no closer than 3 meters to the boundary portion and closer to the edge 5 meters roadway, so-called red line.

The minimum distance that must separate the wooden houses, depending on the number of storeys, from 8 to 15 meters, between the stone - 6 meters.

Before the start of construction is necessary to think in advance where the farm buildings are located in the area, gazebos, sheds, garage. How will the entry to the area of ​​freight transport. Will there be enough room for him to turn and where storage of building materials will be produced.

It should also be pre-orient the house to the cardinal and to estimate the degree of insolation premises. For example: if the bedroom window facing north, there will be no sun. If the windows are looking to the west, the sun in the bedroom will appear only in the evening.

In addition, it is important to be determined with the communications input.

irusya8

If you burite well before the construction of the house, then think over, where the input of water into the house will be. In this room, I recommend to equip the boiler. So it is with the sewerage system - first decide which will be the toilets, and whether you have a chance to place next to the house a septic tank.

Error 4. Refusal of soil investigation at the site

What is your soil on the site? Many developers find it difficult to answer this question. Although the type of soil on the site selection of the project at home largely depends.

Roman Nikonov

Often, the results of geology, the decision on the choice of foundation type, base unit or the basement, or even the type of above-ground parts of the home. Thus, in the peaty soils is expedient to put a light house, you try to make a foundation for the heavy building.

Geology is required for:

• accurately determining the width of the strip foundation sole;
• accurately determine depth of the foundation;
• determining the number and length of piles in the pile foundation;
• clarify the reinforcement of the foundation slab.

Geology can save from 10 to 50% of the underground part of the building. And it is usually done by drilling three - four wells to a depth of 4-10 meters. Thus the so-called overlap basement area of ​​influence.

Roman Nikonov

A simple calculation shows that it is advisable to carry out geological surveys at the cost of the foundation (including project) 400 000 or any doubts about the composition and properties of soil. Otherwise - may be the most unpleasant consequences: foundation settlement, cracks in load-bearing walls, etc.

Error 5. The foundation, like all

One of the most common mistakes developers becoming the choice of foundation "as a neighbor." Usually motivated by the fact that everyone else is doing. Rash approach leads to unpredictable results.

The foundation must be designed specifically for your home and the soil in your yard.

In addition, the quality of the performance and reliability of the foundation depends on the durability of the house. The most common mistake at this stage of construction are:

• Poured concrete is not completely covers the reinforcing cage, and fittings in contact with the ground. This leads to its corrosion, reduce the load-bearing capacity of the foundation and its rapid destruction.
• Insufficient depth of laying the foundation.
• Pouring pile to malozaglublonnomu strip foundations. This can lead to the separation of the piles of tapes with ground frost heave.
• Insufficient belt width and decrease its load-bearing capacity.
• Excessively strong foundation heavily exposed to the heave.
• Backfill sinuses local soil. The clay soil is able to create under heaving force up to 40 tons per square meter, for example, to push the cellar wall.
• Incorrect reinforcement MZLF.
• Excessive reinforcement. For example, operating valves in the center section of the tape is useless.
• Lack of horizontal waterproofing, as a consequence - soggy and the appearance of mold on the walls in the house.
• The foundation is not insulated properly, which leads to the freezing of the soil and the emergence of forces of frost heaving.
• Fail foundation drainage and removal of surface water from it.

Keep in mind that an extension to the house - the veranda, porch, etc. best done on a single to the building foundation.

irusya8

 Before you build the foundation, consider how you will look like the entrance to the house. We have laid the foundation without the porch, and when the house was built, realized that the porch is a must. The house is beautiful with it, and there is where pereobut muddy shoes.

ZloyProrab

My opinion: any annexe - a separate building, which requires its own foundation.

The main additional building foundation and the foundation can not be rigidly connected to one another. Necessary to provide expansion joint between them.

Error 6. Improper combination of materials

You can often hear the opinion that this or that material - a bad one. It is important to understand that there is no wrong materials - there are errors in combination.

For example: the widespread practice of insulating walls extruded polystyrene houses leads to the fact that the vapor barrier material locks moisture inside. Error in calculation of the thickness of the material leads to the fact that the dew point can move to the inner side of the insulation. Between the wall and Epps, it picks up moisture, and durability is greatly reduced.

Details about the dew point, and errors associated with incorrect selection of a vapor barrier on the example of frame houses is told in this article.

Roman Nikonov

We must be very careful approach to the multi-layer construction. For example, a bar, surrounded by a brick, do not caulk the outside.

The air gap in the masonry with insulation should be ventilated, otherwise may otsyrevanie design.

Error 7. Wrong choice of roofing material

The roof is constantly exposed to adverse weather conditions.

It must withstand heavy wind and snow load and protect the house from precipitation.

Standards for calculating snow load in the suburbs is about 180 kg per 1 sq.m.

Often, the choice of roofing material builders guided only factor visual appeal. This is the wrong approach.

Roman Nikonov

Roofing material in the middle zone Russia should be resistant to repeated transitions through "0" in the winter.

In this respect, we must be very careful, for example, ceramic tile, as some of its views quite porous and easily destroyed by freezing-thawing.

Choosing a roofing material, especially, should be guided by its properties in relation to our climatic conditions.

And finally, I want to give advice to anybody new posts Muzliki:

muzliki

Do not erect a temporary personal! Because there is nothing more permanent than temporary structures.

Building physics or educational program for samostroyschika - read about it in this topic. The most complete collection of tips for beginners is available for developers this link. Here user forumhouse.ru He tells in detail about the right approach to construction. Construction errors, or how not to step on the "rake" - read in this topic.